Download - 2D Product Sheet 1 Maxwell 2D
Powerful, accurate software for two-dimensional, electromagnetic, electromechanical, and thermal analysis
CONCEPT TO REALITY...FASTER
Maxwell® 2D’s AC Magnetic capability
solves systems that have significant
effects from induced eddy currents, skin
effect, and proximity effect. Designers
may use the AC Magnetic solver in
frequency ranges from 0 Hz through
several hundred MHz. Applications
include bus bars, transformers, coils,
2D AC Magnetic
AC Magnetic: XY and RZ symmetry • AC Axial Current: XY symmetry only
and nondestructive evaluation systems.
The solver automatically calculates
power loss, core loss, impedance for
frequency, force, torque, inductance, and
stored energy. Additionally, plots of flux
lines, B and H fields, current distribution,
and energy densities over the entire
phase cycle are available. Power and
core loss can be exported to the 2D
thermal solver and used as sources for a
coupled thermal simulation.
Conductors may be placed in series
or parallel, and termination may be
included. Each conductor may have
a current with a different amplitude
and phase lead or lag. The change
in inductance and resistance over a
frequency range also may be examined
using the AC Magnetic module.
The specialized AC Axial solver assumes
that the current flow lies in the cross-
section of the model and that the
magnetic field has only a component
perpendicular to the cross-section. The
AC Axial solver is used primarily for
systems where material is immersed
in a magnetic field specified using
appropriate boundary conditions. Typical
applications include eddy-current losses
in thin laminations.
Induced eddy currents in thin printed circuit traces typically found in induction heating applications.
Maxwell® is the world’s leading software for the simulation of electromagnetic fields. Designers of electromagnetic and electromechanical components depend on Maxwell’s unsurpassed accuracy and ease of use to achieve design objectives, reduce risk, and bring products to market quickly.
Overview
Electromagnetic components, such as
sensors, actuators, motors, transformers,
and industrial control systems are
used more than ever in a broad range
of industries. As designers push the
envelope of performance and size,
the need for advanced, easy-to-use,
numerical field simulation techniques
significantly grows. Maxwell® delivers
an unequaled level of usability and
numerical power required by engineers
in today’s leading-edge companies.
Maxwell 2D includes AC/DC
magnetic, electrostatic, and transient
electromagnetic fields; thermal analysis;
parametric modeling; and optimization.
Additionally, Maxwell 2D produces
highly accurate equivalent circuits for
inclusion within Ansoft’s SIMPLORER®
and other circuit tools.
Maxwell® 2D’s Electrostatic Field
capability can simulate electric fields
that arise from DC voltage sources,
permanently polarized materials,
and charges/charge densities found
in high-voltage insulator, bushings,
circuit breakers, and electrostatic-
discharge devices. Material types include
dielectrics (anisotropic and position
dependent) and ideal conductors.
This module automatically calculates
parameters, such as force, torque,
capacitance, and stored energy. A
powerful field calculator allows users
to calculate other quantities from the
field solution. Post-processing features
include voltage contours, D and E fields,
and energy density plots.
The specialized DC Current Conduction
solver assumes that the current flow lies
in the cross-section of the model. For
example, in printed-circuit applications,
a thin trace on a dielectric carries
current. The trace is so thin that the
current flow in the “thickness” dimension
of the trace is negligible and therefore
ignored. The DC Current Conduction
solver then models the current by using a
“top-down” view, giving the user both the
current distribution and the resistance of
the trace.
The AC Current Conduction solver is
similar to the DC Electrostatic Field
solver with the addition of conductive
losses to the dielectrics and sinusoidal
voltage sources. This analysis solves
for capacitance and conductance
(admittance) in the system so that losses
in the dielectrics can be simulated.
When used in conjunction with the
AC Magnetic solver, the user may
obtain complete RLCG parameters of a
transmission line for any frequency.
2D Electrostatic Field
DC Electric Fields: XY and RZ symmetry • DC Current Conduction: XY and RZ symmetry • AC Current Conduction: XY symmetry only
Equipotential line distribution.
Electrostatic Field distribution.
System of electrodes producing a user-specified field profile.
With Maxwell® 2D’s DC Magnetic
capability, designers can analyze
static magnetic fields that arise from
DC currents, permanent magnets, and
applied external fields. Applications
include actuators, sensors, and
permanent magnets. Devices analyzed
may contain nonlinear BH curves (i.e.
steels, ferrites, and permanent magnets),
anisotropic properties, and position-
dependent properties. The module
automatically calculates force, torque,
inductance, and stored energy. The post-
processing calculator provides the ability
to derive other quantities of interest
from the field solution. Additional post-
processor features include plots of flux
lines, B and H fields, energy densities,
and saturation.
2D DC Magnetic
DC Magnetic: XY and RZ symmetry
Magnetic field for a DC bias coil.
Maxwell® 2D’s Transient conveniently
solves applications that include arbitrary
waveforms for both voltage and current
sources as well as motion. Motors,
frictionless bearings, and eddy-current
brakes are devices that commonly
require full transient electromagnetic-
field analysis to accurately predict their
performance characteristics. This
feature easily handles these applications
by simultaneously solving the
equations of magnetic fields, electric
circuits, and motion within a strong
coupling formulation.
Users can input a variety of physical
parameters as variables, including
sources, load, resistance, inductance,
capacitance, or material properties. They
may input parameters in the form of
functions, curves, or as files created
either by the designer or by third-party
software. This provides convenient
modeling of various phenomena, such as
sudden open circuit, sudden short circuit,
braking, unbalanced or fault operation,
load change or mechanical perturbation,
and power-electronic switching.
To support arbitrary topology of power-
electronic drive circuits and arbitrary
winding connections, the 2D Transient
includes an external circuit coupling,
complete with schematic capture.
Schematic capture allows easy access
to all available components, such
as functional resistances, capacitances,
inductances, various diodes, controlled
switches, independent sources, and
voltage/current probes. Functional
2D Transient Transient: XY and RZ symmetry
elements can be set as a function of
time, position, or speed.
The 2D Transient also includes an
interface to call external user programs
or other third-party programs at each
time step of the solution sequence. This
allows designers to incorporate their
knowledge base and problem-specific
software supplements.
The post-processor enables interactive
visualization of detailed field quantities
and provides enhanced understanding
of field solutions and electromechanical
data. Output includes current, induced
voltage and flux linkage in each winding,
flux distribution, local saturation effects,
time- and motion-induced eddy currents,
dynamic force or torque response,
position profile, speed response, and
power and core loss. The core loss
includes individual components of eddy
loss, excess loss, and hysteresis loss,
including the minor loop. Designers can
use the signal-processing calculator for
further data processing, such as RMS
or average value computation, curve
fitting, or harmonics analysis. Users
also can call post-processing macros,
allowing field visualization at user-
specified locations while the solution is
in progress.
Magnetic field line distribution. Corresponding core loss.
Chopped controlled current in the windings.
Schematic of driving circuit with chopper control for current.
Brushless DC Motor Application
Parametric Finite Element Solution
EquivalentCircuit Model
GenerationSIMPLORER®
The Maxwell® 2D Thermal capability
provides steady-state thermal
analysis capability, including
convection and radiation and one-
way coupling between 2D AC Magnetic
and 2D Thermal. Designers may use
power-loss and core-loss information
obtained in the AC Magnetic solver as an
input source for this in order to obtain a
device’s complete thermal profile.
This capability is especially important
for the design of today’s electronic
products, where thermal performance is
of great concern.
2D Thermal Thermal: XY and RZ symmetry
The 2D Parametric capability enables
designers to solve multiple design
constraints within Maxwell® 2D.
Design parameters in 2D simulations
include position, shape, material
properties, source/boundary
assignments, and frequency for the
time harmonic solutions.
With Maxwell® 2D, designers can
automatically generate an equivalent
circuit model from a finite-element
solution. For example, it is possible to
define a solenoid gap and coil current
as variable parameters and to simulate
the device over the entire operating
range of the current and gap without user
intervention. The result is a set of force
versus gap characteristics for different
coil currents. An equivalent circuit model
is then automatically created from the
parametric results.
Equivalent circuit models of a
device may incorporate the behavior
of inductance, resistance, force,
torque, and flux linkage of the
device through the entire range of
operating conditions. Designers may
then use the model within Ansoft’s
SIMPLORER® or Maxwell® SPICE
to simulate the device under test or
within an entire system.
A single mouse click can initiate the
chronological solving of literally
thousands of physics problems without
user interaction.
Temperature distribution associated with core loss in a transformer.
2D Parametric
Equivalent Circuit Generator
Results of parametric runs are displayed in an easy-to-read spreadsheet format.
2D AC 2D Thermalpower
loss
Equivalent circuit model of a variable reluctance sensor operating within a circuit.
Output voltage.
• 2D AC Magnetic
• 2D DC Magnetic
• 2D Electric Fields
• 2D Transient
• 2D Thermal
• 2D Equivalent Circuit Generator
• 2D Parametrics
• Schematic Capture
• Maxwell® SPICE
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ANSOFT OFFICESMaxwell® 2D includes the capabili t ies l isted
below. Please consult your local sales
representative for pricing and information on
this and on other Ansoft products.
www.ansoft.com
Maxwell® 2D Capabilities
PL22-0203©2002 Ansoft Corporation.
Maxwell 3D, Maxwell 2D, SIMPLORER, RMxprt, Maxwell SPICE, and Optimetrics are trademarks of Ansoft Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.