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Preface............................................................................................................ 2
1. Introduction................................................................................................ 42. Services Provided in India.......................................................................... 4
2.1 International Long Distance Service ..................................................................................42.2 National Long Distance Service.........................................................................................4
2.3 Basic Telephone Service ....................................................................................................4
2.4 Cellular Mobile Service ......................................................................................................5
2.5 Internet Service .................................................................................................................52.6 Global Mobile Personal Communication Service...............................................................5
3. Education in Telecommunication ............................................................. 5
4. Research and Development in India.......................................................... 65. Investment Scenario in the Country.................Error! Bookmark not defined.
7. Forums in India Driving
Telecommunication......................................................................................14
8. Forums Operating Outside India..............................................................16
9. Foreign Collaborations..............................................................................189.1 Business Collaborations and Deals ..................................................................................18
9.2 Research Collaborations ..................................................................................................1910. Achievements...........................................................................................19
10.1 Research and Development Achievements ....................................................................19
10.2 Business Achievements..................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
11. Indias Focus............................................................................................2811.1 Government Set-up .......................................................................................................28
11.2 Government Initiatives ..................................................................................................28
12. Telecom Services MarketSome Performance Indicators.....................3012.1 Fixed Line Services ........................................................................................................3012.2 Mobile Services..............................................................................................................30
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Tel: +91-40-23430203 & 04, Fax: +91-40-23435364,
E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.cygnusindia.com
A Snapshot Report on
Telecommunication Technology
in India
August 2011
Disclaimer: All information contained in this report has been obtained from sources believed to be accurate by Cygnus Business Consulting &Research Pvt.Ltd. (Cygnus). While reasonable care has been taken in its preparation, Cygnus makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, asto the accuracy, timeliness or completeness of any such information. The information contained herein may be changed without notice. All informationshould be considered solely as statements of opinion and Cygnus will not be liable for any loss incurred by users from any use of the publication orcontents
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CONTENTS
Preface............................................................................................................ 3
1. Introduction................................................................................................ 42. Services Provided in India.......................................................................... 4
2.1 International Long Distance Service ................................................................................. 4
2.2 National Long Distance Service........................................................................................ 42.3 Basic Telephone Service ................................................................................................... 4
2.4 Cellular Mobile Service ..................................................................................................... 52.5 Internet Service ................................................................................................................ 5
2.6 Global Mobile Personal Communication Service.............................................................. 5
3. Education in Telecommunication ............................................................. 5
4. Research and Development in India.......................................................... 6
5. Investment Scenario in the Country........................................................... 95.1 Various Corporate Investments ........................................................................................ 9
5.2 Foreign Investment PolicyTelecommunication........................................................... 10
6. Intellectual Property Rights ...................................................................... 11
7. Forums in India Driving Telecommunication..........................................14
8. Forums Operating Outside India..............................................................16
9. Foreign Collaborations..............................................................................189.1 Business Collaborations and Deals ................................................................................. 18
9.2 Research Collaborations ................................................................................................. 19
10. Achievements...........................................................................................19 10.1 Research and Development Achievements ................................................................... 1910.2 Business Achievements................................................................................................. 24
11. Indias Focus............................................................................................2811.1 Government Set-up ...................................................................................................... 28
11.2 Government Initiatives ................................................................................................. 28
12. Telecom Services MarketSome Performance Indicators.....................3012.1 Fixed Line Services ....................................................................................................... 30
12.2 Mobile Services............................................................................................................. 30
12.3 Internet Services ........................................................................................................... 3013. Conclusion ...............................................................................................30
Annexure 1 : Profiles of Technology companies in India.............................31
Annexure 2: List of abbreviations used.........................................................50
Annexure 3: Bibliography .............................................................................51
Annexure 4: List of companies (less than 5 years old)..................................52
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Preface
This report provides an understanding of the telecommunications technology in India. It covers thecurrent scenario of telecommunications in terms of education, research, government focus, industry
activities, achievements, and the patents filed in India in this area. For the convenience of thereader, a list of abbreviations used in the report is provided at the end.
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1. IntroductionTelecommunication is one of the fastest growing segments in the country with the tele-density (numberfor every hundred people). The overall Teledensity in India reached 70.89 as on 31st March 2011. This
was primarily because of the liberalisation of the sector by Government of India, which made telecomservices readily accessible and affordable. This phenomenal growth in Indian telecom drew the attentionof the world.
2. Services Provided in India The telecommunications industry is a system of switches and lines, which eventually interconnect toprovide communication between multiple parties. Following are some of the basic applications oftelecommunication in India:
2.1 International Long Distance Service
In the field of international telephony, India agreed under the GATS to review its opening up in 2004. The applicant company pays one-time non-refundable entry fee of Rs.25m plus a bank guarantee of
Rs.250 million, which would be released on fulfilment of the roll out obligations. There is no bar insetting up of Point of Presence (PoP) or Gateway switches in remaining location of Level I Taxes.Preferably, these PoPs should conform to Open Network Architecture (ONA) i.e. should be based oninternationally accepted standards to ensure seamless working with other Carriers Network.Some of the characteristics of international long distance service in India are as follows:
Free competition allowed in this service Applicant company should have minimum net worth of Rs250m Entry fee of Rs250m along with a bank guarantee of Rs250m, which is returned on fulfilment of
network roll-out obligations
License fee of 15% in the form of revenue share, including Universal Service Obligation for a periodof 20 years. It is extendable by five years.
2.2 National Long Distance ServiceSome of the salient features of national long distance service in India are as follows:
Unlimited entry for carrying both inter-circle and intra-circle calls Total foreign equity (including equity of NRIs and international funding agencies) must not exceed
74%. Promoters must encompass a combined net worth of Rs.25 million.
Private operators should enter into an arrangement with fixed-service providers within a circle fortraffic between long-distance and short-distance charging centres.
Seven years time frame set for rollout of network, spread over four phases. Any shortfall in networkcoverage would result in encashment and forfeiture of bank guarantee of that phase.
Private operators to pay one-time entry fee of Rs.25m plus a Financial Bank Guarantee (FBG) ofRs.200m. The revenue sharing agreement would be to the extent of 6%.
Private operators allowed setting up landing facilities that access submarine cables and use excessbandwidth available.
Licence period would be for 20 years and extendable by 10 years2.3 Basic Telephone Service
The important features and the regulations of basic telephone service in the country are as follows:
There are 21 territorial service areas in the country and the Government allows unrestrictedcompetition in the service sector
Minimum paid-up capital, promoters combined net worth and one-time entry fee for each servicearea is decided according to the prescribed norms
Licenses are issued from a period of 20 years, later on extendable by ten years and the license feevaries from 8-10%, depending on the service area
Operators are allowed to carry their own long distance traffic within their service area
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Bharti School at IIT Delhi
Bharti Enterprises and IIT Delhi,jointly set up Bharti School of
Telecommunications Technology andManagement in March 2006. The goalis to provide a centre of excellence fortelecom technology.
Advanced Level Telecom Training Centre
Established by the Govt of India in 1975 with theassistance of UNDP and ITU at Ghaziabad.
Trains in high-tech telecommunications and modernmanagement practices for the government telecomengineers.
Functions as resource centre in providing developedcourse materials, audio-visual instructional aids,computer-based training, software support andtraining for trainers.
2.4 Cellular Mobile Service
Cellular mobile service in the country is currently on a high with the second highest growth rate. Thesalient features of the service are as follows:
There are 20 circle service areas and four metro cities Licenses are issued from a period of 20 years, later on extendable by ten years and the license fee
varies from 8-10%, depending on the service area
Additional revenue share of 2% for spectrum up to 4.4MHz + 4.4MHz or 3% for spectrum up to6.2MHz + 6.2MHz or 4% for spectrum up to 10MHz + 10MHz
Operators are allowed to carry their own long distance traffic within their service area2.5 Internet Service
Opened for free competition Service providers are permitted to establish their own International gateways (Satellite or Submarine
cable) for carrying Internet traffic
Requires a token license fee of Rs1 per annum
Internet telephony service is allowed for only ISP licensees Service providers are permitted to give bandwidth from gateway to other Internet service providers2.6 Global Mobile Personal Communication Service
Opened for free competition Licenses issued on non-exclusive basis after security clearance Gateways to be located in India and the operation and maintenance of the gateways to be done by an
organisation designated by the Government
Entry fee of Rs10m License feeof 10% of revenue share3. Education in Telecommunication
There are a number of educationalinstitutes in the country offering coursesand degree programmes intelecommunication. Generally, most ofeducational courses are offered as degreesin Electronics and Telecommunication.
Apart from government colleges andinstitutes like the Institutes of Technology(IIT), there are a number of prestigiousprivate colleges. Some of the salientfeatures of the education related totelecommunication in the country are:
There are about 20,000 seats intelecommunications engineering offered by private and government colleges all over the country
All the IITs, regional engineering colleges and theNational Institutes of Technologies offer courses intelecommunication
Military College of Telecommunication Engineeringimparts education and training to the people in defence,located at Mhow
Indian Railways Institute of Signal Engineering andTelecommunications in Secunderabad, Andhra Pradeshdeals with training and education facilities for the Indian
Railways
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Telecommunications & ComputerNetworks (TeNeT)
TeNeT at IIT Madras is an importantR&D group. It consists of TeNeTfaculty and project staff at IIT Madras
and several R&D companies formed byalumni of IIT Madras. It aims to makepossible 100m telephone connectionsand 25m Internet connections in Indiain less than ten years.
R&D Focus of C-DOT
Strategic partnership to reduce time todevelop, market and earn revenue
Innovate cost effective, socio-economicsolutions for semi-urban, rural andremote networks.
Cost effective and appropriatetechnologies and solutions for Indianand Global markets.
Develop solutions for strategic sectorslike defence and security.
Develop futuristic technologies like 4G wireless, fixed mobile convergence andoptical switches.
Telcordia Techs R&D Lab in Chennai
Telcordia Technologies has established aresearch and development lab inChennaifirst such facility outside theUS. The lab would work on telecomsolutions relevant to India and to thecompany's globaloperations.
Bharati School of Telecommunication Technology and Management offers M. Tech, MBA, MS, PhD courses in telecommunication
The Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers, New DelhiA vast network of 44 Telecommunication Training Centres is spread all over the country, with AdvancedLevel Telecom Training Centre at Ghaziabad at the apex. There are some management courses too in thefield of telecommunication offered by the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad and Aegis Schoolof Telecommunication Management, Mumbai.
4. Research and Development in IndiaOver the years, Government of India is continuouslystrengthening the Research and Development (R&D)efforts to provide impetus to manufacturing and to enableIndian telecom standards to become truly global. Some ofthe leading institutions in India are engaged in R&D ofstate-of-the-art technologies in switching, transmission,access terminal equipment, network management and IT.Indian telecom experts encompass the ability in a widerange of services in telecommunications and also providetechnical expertise. Some of the recent initiatives in theR&D of telecommunications in the country are:
Project on variable input (EI, EII, EIII digitalinterfaces) Intermediate Data Rate equipment inKu Band, conducted by C-DOT
Various modules of the Operation SupportSystems (OSS) being developed by C-DOT
Developing wireless Intelligent Network forCDMA subscribers Intelligent Peripheral (IP)Support for deployed IN solutions by C-DOT
Research on Porting of IN services on lowcapacity platforms conducted by C-DOT
Telecom Division (TCD) of ElectronicsCorporation of India Ltd at Hyderabad is engagedin the design, development, manufacturing andsupply of Integrated Communication and SecurityProducts/Projects for various telecom andsecurity applications
Mobile handset giant Nokia is actively carrying out R&D works in their CDMA R&D in NewMumbai, Enterprise Solutions in Hyderabad, andDevice Software Centre in Bangalore
Motorola India is carrying out applied research anddevelopment on Seamless Mobility/Convergencetechnologies in R&D centres at Bangalore andHyderabad.
Siemens Corporate Technology India Centre inBangalore is developing software for location-basedservices and multimedia applications for GSM and3G/UMTS networks throughout the world
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ECI Telecom R&D centre
Telcordia ECI Telecom Ltd of Israel hasdecided to open a new R&D centre inIndia. ECI's existing R&D facilitiescurrently are located in the US, Israel andChina.
Nortel Technology Excellence Centre in Bangaloreis focusing on new product design, development andtesting, spread on a 35,000 square foot facility.
Alcatel's Indian development centres are located inGurgaon and Chennai. The Software Centre atGurgaon is completely focused on development ofapplication software.
Seoul-based Intellect Inc is working on US$600mchip-fabrication unit near Hyderabad.
Swedish telecom giant Ericsson is focussing on developing value-added applications for the pre-paidand multimedia segments of mobile phones in its R&D facility in Chennai.
Qualcomm Incorporated operates an R&D centre in Hyderabad, India, which supports thecompanys CDMA chipset development activities and ongoing efforts to advance CDMA wirelesstechnology in India and across the region.
Huawei Technologies India Pvt Ltd, in its largest overseas R&D centre located in Bangalore, iscarrying out research works in areas of Next Generation Networks, Intelligent Networks, Data-communication, Network Management, Telecom Middleware and Mobile Handset Software for
worldwide market.
In India, Nokia is carrying out extensive R&D work, a list of which is provided in Table 1.
Given below is the list of the different research projects in progress in various government researchinstitutes and scientific laboratories across the country:
Table 1: R&D activities of Nokia in India
Division Technology Domains/Products Internal/External Customers
CDMA R&D, MumbaiMedia, music computation, imagingand visual technology, 3G and also
4G with HSDPA and HSUPA
For Nokias global operations
Enterprise Solutions,Hyderabad
Software development, maintenanceand testing of e-mail manager andSSL based-VPN product with thesupport of in-house operatingsystem. IPVPN client for fulfillingthe security concerns of theconvergence of IP with mobileacross the various domains
Pfizer employed Nokia Mobile VPNclient and Nokia 9500Communicators for secure mobileaccess to medical information
Device Software Centre,
Bangalore
Software for network, networkelements, provisioning and
applications. Build IP networks formobile operators
Not Available
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Table 2:R&D activities of various research institutes in India
Institution Project
Dr BR Ambedkar National Institute of
Technology, Jalandhar
Design and Simulation of High Data Rate Optical
Fibre Transmission Systems The National Institute of Technology,
TiruchirappalliRF Mems reconfigurable antenna
Department of Electronics and
Communication Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology, Delhi
R&D on Specialty Optical Fibres and Fibre-based
Components for Optical Communications
Development of Mobile AC Service Training Manual
Analysis and Design of Wireless, Mobile and
Multiservice Communication Networks
Working on development of a router based on VS
algorithm
Department of Computer Science and
Engineering Indian Institute of Technology,
Bombay Active in research on MPLS, QoS, Interdomain
routing
The Centre for Development of Advanced
Computing (C-DAC), BangaloreTETRA Radio Network for Kerala Police
C-DAC, Noida Interoperable Open standard Set-Top Box
Institute of Technology, Roorkee RF shield for the mobile handset
Institute of Management, CalcuttaSecure Decentralised Disaster management
information network
Central Scientific Instruments Organisation RF Bug Detector
International Institute of InformationTechnology
Broadband wireless access technologies anddeployment of Wi-Fi protocol based campus network
National Institute of Amateur Radio,
Hyderabad
Digital Connectivity through Amateur Radio Centres
for Disaster Management
Central Mining Research Institute, Dhanbad Wireless Communication for Underground Mines
University of PuneSecure Hybrid Network (wireline and wireless) and
Managed Security System
Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi Virtual Space routing in Converged Networks
Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi Assessment of WiMax Technology for Performance,
Interoperability on Campus Area Test Bed
TeNeT
TeNeT Group is working with Nexge to develop a
Softswitch catering to a wide variety of deployment
scenarios.
Communication Research Centre Space Time wireless communication
Peer to peer wireless mesh networks for rural
community
Media Lab Asia GramPatra- 802.11b based technology to provide
broadband, asynchronous, store and forward
connectivity in rural areas
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Indiathe hub of major investments!
8 M&A deals worth more than US$2 billionwere completed in first quarter of 2006.
CAOI estimates the total private investmentin the cellular mobile sector until April 2006at US$13 billion.
Telecom manufacturing sector is expected toattract about US$1.5-2 billion and telecomservices sector US$2-3 billion of investmentsby 2008.
5. Investment Scenario in the Country
5.1 Various Corporate Investments
India is attracting a huge amount of investment in the telecommunication sector, which is primarily dueto the spectacular growth of the industry in the recent 3 to 4 years. According to the Department ofIndustrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP), the telecommunications sector, which includes radio paging,mobile services and basic telephone services attracted foreign direct investment (FDI) worth US$1.66billion during April-March 2010-11. The cumulative flow of FDI in the sector during April 2000 and
April 2011 is US$10.61 billion. Companies like Motorola and Nokia decided to invest heavily andestablish local manufacturing plants to supply to the ever-growing market for mobile phones. Elcoteqplans to establish production units in the country, while Korean leaders like Samsung and LG areplanning to expand with huge investments. Some of the important investment decisions taken in therecent years by the multinational companies are as follows:
The 12th Plan period (April 2012-March2017) entails an investment of about US$110
billion for telecom infrastructure
development.
The two telecom PSUs -- BSNL and MTNLare expected to invest around US$22.38
billion during the five years to revamp their
telecom infrastructure.
Private players, on the other hand, areexpected to invest US$89.53 billion during the
same period (2012-2017) in expanding their infrastructure.
Digital Gangetic Plain- Application of 802.11technology to provide rural connectivity byprovisioning wireless Internet along the Kanpur-Lucknow corridor
Rural Net- The aim of the project is to develop robust,cost-effective, high performance and spectrallyefficient solutions for long range: point to multipointsolutions and mesh networks based on 802.11xbroadband wireless technologies for last mile ruralconnectivity.
OFDM technology for communication
Coding Theory
Signal Processing for Communication (Syncronization,
Channel Estimation, Equalization)
Signal and Image Processing
Routing Protocols in Adhoc wireless networks and
sensor Networks
International Institute of Information
Technology
MAC protocols
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Chinese telecom equipment maker Huawei Technologies would invest US$120- 150m to set up itsown R&D campus in Whitefield, Bangalore. The company would be the first company-owned
research facility outside China.
GSM mobile network operator Aircel launched iPhone 4 from the Apples stable in Hyderabad. Vodafone to invest approximately US$1.5 billion to acquire around 10% in Bharti Tele-Ventures Ltd. Hutchison decided for an investment of US$400m for Hutchison-Essar network expansion. Hexacom is investing US$10 billion in the expansion work of GSM network in Rajasthan. Hutchison Telecommunication (India) acquired the entire 5.11% stake of Hinduja TMT in the
unlisted Indian cellular joint venture with the Essar group for an all-cash deal of USD450m.
Maxis Communications, a leading Malaysian telecom company, valued Aircel, an Indian GSMoperator with around two million subscribers, at US$800m. After that, Maxis made cash investment
of US$280m in Aircel. It took a 65% direct stake in Aircel and then formed a joint-venture company
with a partner in India, which would own the other 35%, giving Maxis an overall holding of 74%. Telekom Malaysia paid US$178.8m for a 49% stake in Spice Telecom, a cellular company ranked as
seventh largest in India with about 1.8m subscribers.
Chinese mobile handset maker Haier decided to establish a mobile phone manufacturing plant inIndian. The plant is expected to be ready for production by the end of 2008.
Mauritius-based Goldman Sachs acquired a 5.39% stake in Himachal Futuristic CommunicationsLtd. and purchased 18.8m shares of Himachal Futuristic through open market purchases.
Some of the other important investment decisions taken up by the leading Indian companies or theGovernment are:
Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) - fixed and mobile network expansion plans of US$3.5billions.
Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) - fixed and mobile network expansion plans ofUS$90m.
Reliance planned to invest US$4 billions in CDMA and optic fibre network. Bharti group decided to invest US$250m in Bharti Tele-Ventures Idea would invest US$1.1 billions in Idea GSM roll-out. Tata also invested 3.2 billion in expansion of CDMA fixed and mobile services in the country. In
2006, the company spent over US$214m on infrastructure, network expansion and transmission.
Indian telecom software company, Subex Systems acquired UK-based Azure Solutions by investingover US$140m in April 2006.
Revival plan initiated for the Government of India unit, Indian Telephone Industries withinvestment of US$228m.
VSNL announced its decision to acquire Direct Internet Ltd and its wholly-owned subsidiary PrimusTelecommunications India Ltd. The deal is worth around US$17m.
5.2 Foreign Investment PolicyTelecommunication
The Government of India announced a comprehensive policy for attracting private, including foreigninvestment in value added and basic services with an aim to modernise the telecommunication sector:
Foreign Direct Investment up to 74% permitted, subject to licensing and security requirements forthe following: Internet Service (with gateways) Infrastructure Providers (Category II) Radio Paging Service
FDI up to 100% permitted in respect to the following telecom services:
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ISPs not providing gateways (Both for satellite and submarine cables) Infrastructure Providers providing dark fibre (IP Category I) Electronic Mail Voice Mail
The above is subject to the following conditions: FDI up to 100% is allowed subject to the condition that such companies would divest 26% of
their equity in favour of Indian public within 5 years, if these companies are listed in other partsof the world.
The above services would be subject to licensing and security requirements, wherever required. Proposals for FDI beyond 49% shall be considered by Foreign Investment Promotion Board
(FIPB) on a case-to-case basis
In the manufacturing sector 100% FDI is permitted under the automatic route. In Basic, Cellular Mobile, paging and Value Added service, and Global Mobile Personal
Communications by Satellite, FDI is permitted up to 49% (under automatic route) subject to grant oflicense from Department of Telecommunications.
Foreign direct investment up to 74% permitted, subject to licensing and Security requirements forthe Internet Service (with gateways), Infrastructure Providers (category-II), and Radio Paging Service.
The value added services, where private, including foreign investment is encouraged:
Electronic mail Voice mail Data services Audio text services Video text services Video Conferencing6. Intellectual Property Rights
Table 3: Some of the patents filed between 2004 and 2005 Title Applicant
Heatsink Adapter Removal Tool for Ball Grid Arrays B. Srinivasan from C-DOT
Near Zero Seek Time for HDD Access Ganapathi Rao from C-DOTA Simplified Method of Making Preforms and Reballingof BGA and CSP
B. Srinivasan from C-DOT
A Method of Stencil Free Solder Paste Printing on BallGrid Arrays
Narayan Bhat; Mr B Srinivasan from C-DOT
A Novel Architecture for a Message BusBhavani Shanker; B.R. Suresh; Mr. B.N. Manjunathand team from C-DOT.
System and method for assisting in the setting up of a
telecommunication link in a telecommunication network
France Telecom; Bailleul Nicolas; Rebillon Jacques-
Olivier; Feuillet ThibautEstablishing a telecommunication link between twoterminals while tracing the telecommunication networkof the called subscriber
Teles Ag; Paetsch Frank
Telecommunication module comprising a system-dataprocessing means for executing at least onetelecommunication activity
Siemens Ag
Method of allocating radio resources intelecommunication system, and telecommunicationsystem
Nokia Corp
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Method, telecommunications system andtelecommunications handset for wireless communicationand telecommunication in a "smart home" environment
Siemens Ag; Aretz Kurt; Biedermann Rolf; Kruk Anton; Moesker Volker; Nieder Stefan; SchliwaPeter; Wedi Christoph; Van De Logt Marco
Method for the transmission of heterogeneous data in a
telecommunication switching system and atelecommunication switching system
Siemens Ag
Method and telecommunication system involvingwireless telecommunication between a mobile part and abase station for registering a mobile part
Siemens Ag; Aubauer Roland; Kamperschroer Erich;Klinke Stefano Ambrosius; Kunstmann Niels; PflaumKarl-Heinz
Street furniture for housing telecommunicationequipment, has housing to receive telecommunicationequipments and having doors on its front face, wherehousing permits to connect equipments totelecommunication and electric networks
France Telecom
Transporting data in telecommunication systemNokia Corp; Veijalainen Kari;Dhakal Basant; Jaakkola
Jukka K; Major Tamas
Interconnections in telecommunication networks Marconi UK Intellectual PropMethod of determining at least one signal,telecommunication system provided with at least onetransmitter, and telecommunication device
Mitsubishi Electric Inf Tech
Method and arrangement in a telecommunication systemEricsson Telefon Ab L M; Gerstenberger Dirk; EricssonIngela; Bergstroem Joakim; Edlund Peter
Digital telecommunication system Nokia Corp
A wireless network telecommunication system Theglobe Com; Fowler Brian
Real-time telecommunication method based on networktelecommunication terminal
Chen Hui
Monitoring telecommunication network elements Marconi Intellectual Property
An arrangement in a telecommunication system Ericsson Telefon Ab L M
Telecommunication module comprising a system-dataprocessing means for executing at least onetelecommunication activity
Schwalbach Peter
Establishing a telecommunication connection Nokia Corp
Method of operating and configuring atelecommunication system; dispatcher software foridentifying a client therein and telecommunicationapparatus containing same
Tenovis Gmbh & Co Kg
Interface device for testing telecommunication circuits Krone Inc
Method and apparatus for interconnectingtelecommunication networks
Gabai Eliyahu; Hamami Etan; Rosenfeld AharonMordechai
Arranging control signallings in telecommunicationsystemNokia Corp
Voice-over-internet telecommunication networks Ericsson Telefon Ab L M; Vikberg Jari; Nylander Tomas
Method for power ramping in a telecommunicationsystem
Ericsson Telefon Ab L M; Torsner Johan; ParkvallStefan
Enhanced telecommunication system Warner Home Video Inc
Telecommunication method in a wireless cellulartelecommunication system
Cit Alcatel
Method for establishing a telecommunication link and atelecommunication network
IP2H Ag
Method of controlling osi (iso) layer-two loops fortelecommunication networks
Diseno De Sist S En Silico Sa
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Method of requesting confidential connection fortelecommunication systems
Siemens Ag; Karimi-Cherkandi Bizhan; KouchriFarrokh-Mohammadzadeh; Promies Hendrik
Switching unit and method for a telecommunicationnetwork
Marconi Comm Gmbh
Filtre systems for broadband telecommunication facilities Tyco Electronics Raychem S AMethod and system for monitoring the health of wirelesstelecommunication networks
Res In Motion Ltd
Hierarchical caching in telecommunication networks Ericsson Telefon Ab L M
Electronic payment system through a telecommunicationnetwork
France Telecom
Method for serving a subscriber in a cellulartelecommunication network using the internet
Bouygues Telecom; Korber Nicolas
Telecommunication method and apparatus withprovisions to exceed usage limit
At & T Corp
Method for establishing a wireless telecommunicationconnection
Nokia Corp
Method for manifesting alarms in a telecommunicationnetwork
ECI Telecom Ltd
Method for telecommunication, and mobiletelecommunication device
Swisscom Mobile Ag
Telecommunication system and telecommunicationdevice for application therein
Chiptec Internat N V
Reliable telecommunication network including telephoneexchanges and databases
Telia Ab
Signal strength measurements in cellulartelecommunication systems
Ericsson Telefon Ab L M
Telecommunication network and upgrading methodtherefore
Marconi Comm Gmbh
Universal monitoring method for telecommunicationports
Nordx Cdt Inc
Method of allocating radio resources intelecommunication system
Nokia Corp
Transporting data in telecommunication system;transport de donnees dans un systeme detelecommunication
Nokia Corp
Digital telecommunication system Nokia Corp
Telecommunication network synchronisation Ericsson Telefon Ab L M
Method, device and telecommunication system forproviding a consistent set of services to a roaming user
Ericsson Telefon Ab L M
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7. Forums in India Driving Telecommunication
Name of the Forum Association of Unified Telecom Service Providers of India
Description It is the representative industry body of Unified Access Service Licensees,providing telecom services in the country with CDMA technology. Associationof Unified Telecom Service Providers of India is a registered society and worksas a non-profit organisation to deliver the promise of improved access, coverageand teledensity in India. The Association is mainly aimed at collection anddissemination of knowledge and information for promotion and healthy growthof telecom services, enunciating a telecom vision for India, fuellingunprecedented domestic investment, and improving teledensity and bringing
value for customers. Website http://www.auspi.in
Name of the Forum Cellular Operators Association of India
Description The Cellular Operators Association of India was constituted in 1995 as aregistered, non-profit, non-governmental society engaged in the advancement ofcommunication, particularly modern communication through Cellular Mobile
Telephone Services. It aims to establish and sustain a world-class cellularinfrastructure and facilitate affordable mobile communication services in India,and to protect the common and collective interests of its members.
Website www.coai.in
Name of the Forum Internet Service Providers Association of IndiaDescription ISPAI was set up in 1998 with a mission to promote internet and broadband in
every corner of the country. ISPAI works closely with DoT, DIT, TRAI andIndustry Associations such as FICCI, CII and Assocham to take up and resolve
various issues that affect implementation of the ISP's projects. ISPAI played avital role in privatisation of International gateways within the laid down securityconstraints. ISPAI is represented on the National Telecom Committees ofFICCI, CII and Assocham.
Website www.ispai.in
Name of the Forum Manufacturers Association of Information TechnologyDescription Manufacturers Association of Information Technology (MAIT), established in
1982 for purposes of scientific, educational and IT industry promotion,emerged as an effective, influential and dynamic organisation. Representingactively Hardware, Training, Design/R&D and the associated services sectors
of the Indian IT Industry, MAITs charter is to develop a globally competitiveIndian IT Industry, promote the usage of IT in India, and strengthen the role ofIT in national economic development and promote business throughinternational alliances. The organisation's special focus is on domestic marketdevelopment and attracting foreign investment in the Indian IT Industry.
MAIT is represented on all concerned Government of India forums and worksin close association with the Department of IT, Ministry of Communications &IT, Ministry of Commerce & Industry, DGFT, Ministry of Finance, BIS, ESC,NIC, STQC, CII, TEMA, ELCINA and CETMA for the advancement of theIT Industry in India.
Website www.mait.com
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Name of the Forum Mobile Trunk Radio Operators AssociationDescription Apex body of the mobile trunk radio operators in India.
Website -
Name of the Forum Telecom Equipment Manufacturers Association of IndiaDescription Telecom Equipment Manufacturers Association of India (TEMA), which was
established in 1990, spans more than 90% of telecom equipment manufacturersas well as components and cables manufacturers. In addition, many cellular andpaging service operators and a large number of public and private sector unitsas well as multinational companies are also members of TEMA. TEMA playsan active role in dissemination and exchange of information from theGovernment, foreign agencies, embassies, trade missions, Indian missionsabroad and leading international trade associations. TEMA also closely interactsand exchanges information of mutual interest with international organisations
like ITU, PTC, AEU, TIA (USA), TIA (Korea), and ATIA (Australia) andGAIA (Spain). International co-operation projects on the exchange ofinformation about Telecom Industry Development are on the anvil. TEMA isin an advanced stage of forging co-operation with similar Telecom Associationsin China and Korea.
Website www.tfci.com
Name of the Forum Telecom Industry Service AssociationDescription The Telecom Users Group of India (TUGI) is a membership-based
organisation of communications users. It is a non-profit, non-governmentorganisation, established with an aim to take up concerns and complaints of the
users and also to influence the policy makers. TUGI also provides a forum fordiscussion on use of various communications facilities and services, which areavailable, in the country.
Website http://www.ptc.org/FORA/tugi.html
Name of the Forum VSAT Service Providers Association of India (VSPA)Description VSPA, formed in 1998, acts as a central coordinating body representing VSAT
Service organisations in India and its associate members from among thesatellite communications industry in India and abroad. VSPA is also a foundermember of the Global VSAT Forum (GVF), an association with over 80members from satellite industry and organisations across the world.
Website http://www.gvf.org/gvf/india/
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8. Forums Operating Outside India
Name of the Forum Telecommunications Industry AssociationDescription It is a US-headquartered trade association, providing services to the
communications and IT industry by developing markets, hosting trade shows,lobbying at the domestic and international levels, and creating standards andenabling e-business. Through its global activities, the association facilitatesbusiness development opportunities and a competitive market environment.
The membership of the TIA includes companies from Taiwan, Switzerland,Canada, China and Australia among many others.
Website http://www.tiaonline.org/index.cfm
Name of the Forum International Telecommunication UnionDescription Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, International Telecommunication
Union (ITU) is an international organisation within the United Nations System
where governments and the private sector coordinate global telecom networksand services. The ITU is also a publisher of telecommunication technology,regulatory and standards information. Many publications could be purchasedthrough their Electronic Bookshop or the ITU Publications Onlinesubscription service.
Website http://www.itu.int
Name of the Forum Alliance for Telecommunications Industry SolutionsDescription Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS) is a US-based
international organisation committed to rapidly develop and promote technicaland operations standards for the communications and related IT industry
worldwide. ATIS operates over 1,100 industry professionals from more than350 communications companies. ATIS develops standards and solutionsaddressing a wide range of industry issues in a manner that allocates andcoordinates industry resources and produces the greatest return forcommunications companies.
Website http://www.atis.org
Name of the Forum Avema Global AllianceDescription The Avema Global Alliance is a seamless network of specialised telecom
consulting and service forum, providing support to multinational corporations.It helps companies to reduce and manage data, wireless, and voice costs. Largecompanies could turn to a single local supplier and benefit from the strongregional and niche expertise of all the alliance members
Website http://www.avemaglobal.com
Name of the Forum Global Billing AssociationDescription The GBA, based in Scotland, helps operators develop and maintain the billing
process (from Order Entry, through Mediation, Rating, Billing, Payments andCollections). The maintenance of the process is the focus of the Revenue
Assurance and Fraud, and the Benchmarking Initiatives. The development ofthe process, specifically the impact of new, primarily IP based services, is thedriver for other Initiatives such as Fixed Mobile Convergence, Multi-Play, and
VoIP.
Website http://www.globalbilling.org/
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Name of the Forum QuEST ForumDescription QuEST Forum, established in 1998, pursued the goal of global
telecommunications quality and industry-wide performance excellence. QuESTForum, through the implementation of a common set of quality requirements,the collaborative activities of its global workgroups, an emphasis on industrysbest practices, and the delivery of a leading-edge measurement system, advances
the quality, reliability, and performance of telecom products and servicesaround the world.
Website www.questforum.org
Name of the Forum International Inbound Services ForumDescription The Forum is established to promote and aid the development of international
inbound services, such as the International Toll-Free Service, the International
Shared-Cost Service, the International Premium Rate Service and the HomeCountry Direct Service (as defined by the ITU-T), and to develop and expandthe market and use of these services.
Website http://www.iis-forum.com/
Name of the Forum Commonwealth Telecommunications OrganisationDescription The Commonwealth Telecommunications Organisation (CTO) is an
international development partnership between Commonwealth and non-Commonwealth governments, business and civil society organisations. CTOprovides the international community with effective means to help bridge thedigital divide and achieve social and economic development, by delivering todeveloping countries unique knowledge-sharing programmes in the use ofinformation and communication technologies in the specific areas oftelecommunications, IT, broadcasting and the Internet.
Website www.cto.int
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9. Foreign Collaborations9.1 Business Collaborations and Deals
The following is an overview of the major collaboration and alliances in the field of Indian
telecommunication finalised during the year 2006: Tadiran Telecom in joint venture with BPL Telecom: In March 2005, Israel-based Tadiran
Telecom tied up with BPL Telecom for marketing and distribution of IP-based products. Tadiran hasplans of entering into a joint venture with BPL Telecom to set up manufacturing and R&D facility inthe country in the future.
Bharti enters into contract with Ericsson: In August 2006, Indian mobile service provider BhartiAirtel gave an order worth US$1 billion to Ericsson for expanding and upgrading Bhartis network inthe Indian market. The contract would last for around three years and during this period, Ericsson
would design, develop and deploy Bhartis network.
Airtel-Microsoft collaboration: Airtel is collaborating with Microsoft to offer Airtel customers inthe country, the ability to access host of Microsoft Office applications and other multimediaproducts on their mobile phones. Users with mobile device powered by Microsoft Windows Mobile
5.0 would now be able to access MS Office applications like Outlook, Word, Excel, PowerPoint andInternet Explorer.
Star TV collaborates with Dish TV: Star Group collaborated with Zee-owned Dish TV, the firstprivate direct-to-home service provider in India. Dish TV started broadcasting channels from theStar Group, which include STAR Movies, STAR Plus, National Geographic and History Channel.
Bharti and IBM in US$100m deal: Bharti Airtel decided in August 2006 to invest US$100m to deliverIndias first Service Delivery Platform in collaboration with US-based tech IBM. The new project
would enable Bharti to deliver a suite of new services to its over 25m customers.
Reliance Communications and Deutsche Telekom AG into bandwidth contract: RelianceCommunications bagged an important contract from Deutsche Telekom AG for bandwidth,overcoming the competing bids from Global Crossing (owned by SingTel), Apollo (Cable and
Wireless) and Indian firm VSNL. The value of the contract is not disclosed yet. But it is believed tobe in millions of dollars. Reliance won the bid through their wholly-owned subsidiary, Flag Telecom.
Reliance-Intel Collaboration: Reliance Communications and Intel are collaborating to provideinstant and uninterrupted internet connectivity in the smaller cities in India with a lot of businesspotential. The two companies would benefit from each others network already available in theregion. For the start, Reliance would be purchasing systems from genuine Intel dealers (GIDS) in 11cities/towns of Karnataka and offer them with Reliance wireless products to enable people to accessinternet.
Aircel-Roamware Collaboration: Aircel Cellular is collaborating with California-based Roamwareto use Roamwares short codes and smart call assistance and provide advanced roaming services totheir customers.
Airtel-Disney Collaboration: Airtel collaborated with entertainment giants Disney to providemobile content for their consumers in the Indian market. Airtel customers would be able to getDisney images, animations, videos, ringtones, and games.
ICICI and Airtel collaborate for M-cheque cashless transaction facility: The two companies areproviding a facility called M-Cheque, which would facilitate cashless transactions. Consumers wouldjust be required to have an Airtel connection with a SIM card with 32K capacity.
RCoVL- F-Secure Corporation collaboration: Finland-based F-Secure Corporation entered into acollaborative deal with Indian telecom provider Reliance Communication Ventures Ltd (RCoVL). Asper the deal, F-Secure would provide the company a range of security applications for their internetservices.
Nokia into collaboration with Hutch-Essar: Nokia reached a five-year managed servicesagreement to run Hutchison Essars network operations in nine circles in Gujarat, Karnataka,
Andhra Pradesh, Chennai, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana and West Bengal.
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R&D partnership models in telecom
Short-term and long term partnerships Direct turnkey solutions Joint ventures Co-branding Collaborative R&D Transfer of Technology Application Service Provisioning Joint bids against tenders Sponsored development for specific requirements Consultancy for future proof network, solutions
and network services.
BSNL Oxigen India collaboration for prepaid services: BSNL collaborated with Oxigen IndiaPrepaid Services to offer the prepaid BSNL mobile connection users added options for easyrecharge.
9.2 Research CollaborationsIn India, C-DOT is the government research body responsible for technological innovations intelecommunications. The various ongoing collaborative research projects in C-DOT are:
Vanu Inc, USA and C-DOT for jointdevelopment of Software Radio BaseStations, initially with GSM and later
with CDMA functionality.
Communications Research Centre,Canada and C-DOT for jointdevelopment of fixed wirelessBroadband Access System.
Wavesat Inc, Canada and C-DOT tojointly work on Rural Wireless andBroadband Access for licensing ofOFDM-based broadband componenttechnology for building fixed wirelessBroadband Access Systems.
Alcatel, France and C-DOT to set up ajoint global research centre for development of Mobile Broadband Wireless Access.
Along with BSNL and MTNL, C-DOT is to work on a project on Network Management Systems(Local, TAX and GSM) for Commercial deployment of C-DOT NMS solution including Local, TAXand GSM functions in the BSNL and MTNL networks.
Ministry of Information Technology and Massachusetts Institute of Technology established MediaLab Asia for conducting research in state-of-the-art technologies in the area of information andcommunication technologies.
10. Achievements
10.1 Research and Development Achievements
Following is the list of the major research achievements in India:
Table 4: Various research organisations and their success till date
Organisation
Technology
developed Highlight
Telecommunications andComputerNetwork(TeNeT)
corDECTWLL
The first access product developed, which consists of a subscriber unitcalled Wallset with Internet port (WS-IP), is located at subscriberspremises. The system is outfitted with a standard (RJ-11) interface for atelephone and a serial port to connect a PC (without use of a telephonemodem). The system provides Internet at 35/70kbps and simultaneoustelephone conversation. The WS-IP is connected to a Base Station(CBS) on wireless and the base station is connected to an Access Unit
which consists of a DECT.
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OrganisationTechnology
developedHighlight
DIAS
Direct Internet Access System (DIAS) consists of a Basic Rate DigitalSubscriber Unit (BDSU) or Highbit rate Digital Subscriber Unit
(HDSU) at subscribers premises. The BDSU connects a telephone andprovides an Ethernet interface for one or more computers. It isconnected to an Access Unit referred to as Internet Access Unit (IAN)using twisted pair copper wires. Typical distance is 800m, though 5km itis possible to use it a distance using 0.4mm twisted copper pair. Theservice provided is 144 kbps always-on Internet Access, the rate of
which is dropped down to 80kbps when the telephone is used.
Access CentreAccess product designed by the TeNeT group, is a simple POTS lineconnected to an Access Unit called Versatile Remote Unit (VRU)located on a street corner.
Fibre in theLoop
A fibre drop-and-insert backhaul system that connects multiple AccessCentres (discussed in the previous section and located on street
corners), together using a PDH or a SDH ring network. The Voice andInternet traffic from each AC are taken to a central location in the cityand handed over to the telecom switches and Internet Routersrespectively. Alternatively, if the AC is located in remote locations,
where fibre may not be available, a point-to-point microwave radio(2GHz/ 7GHz / 11GHz / 13GHz or 17GHz) could be used to bringboth the voice and Internet traffic to a town.
NetworkManagement
System
TeNeT group introduced an integrated network management system(CygNeT) to manage all these products as well as other telecom andnetwork products. Integrating SNMP and TMN, the CygNeT managestraffic, configuration and health and enables a multi-tier operation.
Telecommunications and
ComputerNetwork(TeNeT)
CITIUS
Citius is an innovative and standards based triple-play solution, which
uses DOCSIS for providing downlink internet on CATV cable and BB-corDECT for providing uplink Internet on wireless. The uplink anddownlink are seamlessly integrated by the Indoor Unit (Head-endequipment) of CITIUS. It uses standard Ethernet (IP) interface forconnectivity to the Internet Service Providers (ISPs) & for IP-based
video-services and E1 (R2/V5/SS7) interface to the Telecom operatorsHigh Speed
Optical Fibrebased
NetworkSystems
High speed, Broadband Network employing Synchronous Digitalhierarchy equipments, Primary Digital Multiplexing, Servers, Nodes,Routers, Switches, Network Management System on Optical fibre isrealised based on specific Customer requirements. Telecom Divisionboasts the required expertise, to design, execute and maintain largenetworking projects with data transfer capability up to 620 mbps /2.5
GBPS.
ElectronicsCorporationof India Ltd
IntegratedSecuritySystems
Integrated Security System is developed to meet the requirement ofstrategic installations and organisations. The system employs diversehardware such as Servers, Nodes, Access control devices, Smart cards,RF ID, Bio Metric Cards and Palm readers and standard OperatingSystems. Application software is developed based on the specificrequirement of the customer. The system could be operated in real timeand fault tolerant mode with no margin for error. Very few countries inthe world encompass the required expertise to develop systems of thecomplexity.
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OrganisationTechnology
developedHighlight
EncryptionModule-
ABHAY fortwo RFRadios
Encryption Module ABHAY is a plug in Module fitted insideVHF/UHF wireless Radio set and meets the interface specifications of
PROIS (Professional Radio Option board Interface Specification). Byusing the add-on module, the radio transmits an encrypted analog signalthat is indecipherable to even sophisticated eaves droppers. The Moduleuses digital speech coding to low bit rate and features fully digitalencryption of this coded speech. A modem is used to convert the digitaldata to an analog signal to be given to a Radio base band. In the reversedirection, the radio section of the Unit receives an encrypted base bandsignal after demodulation. Through application of high level digitalencryption to analog Radios, the security features achieved are almoston par with high end Digital Radios.
BulkEncryption
Unit
ECILs bulk encryption provides secure data transmission over point topoint data links. The system is designed to implement stream cipher
encryption algorithm with a crack resistivity of one year. The mainfeatures of the product are point to point full duplex synchronousoperation, can be used for protecting E1 streams (2.048 mbps).
MessageSwitchingSystems
The systems were based on Innovative Redundancy Concepts requiredfor Strategic Applications providing high availability and reliability ofsystem for 24X7 operations with features such as Fault Tolerance, and
Automatic Rerouting of Messages. Notable among the MessagingNetwork Solutions delivered by ECIL are the Countrywide TelegraphNetwork for the Department of Telecommunications and the StrategicMessage Switching Network for the Indian Army and the Indian Airforce and also Civil departments.
TelephoneSwitchingSystem SparesServices
System spares and services for the entire range of telephone switchesnamely, RAX, MAX and MAX-XL based on CDOT technologies.
TCD enjoys the expertise to provide Maintenance support for all typesof Switching equipments
Passive GSMinterceptionSystem(EC PGSM 16)
Passive GSM interception and monitoring system is used to intercept,analyse and record traffic in air interface of public land Mobile Networksystems. The 16 channel PGSM interception system EC PGSM 16,consists of one laptop, one small receiver unit, two omni directorialantennae and a directional antenna. The system could identify the caller/ called subscriber in terms of IMSI, TMSI, IMEI, class Mark andMSISDN. Facility is available for adding a s/w module for handling of
A5/2 Encryption
ElectronicsCorporation
of India Ltd
InternetMonitoringSystems EAGLE LEA
EAGLE Internet Monitoring System is an advanced Internetmonitoring system based on proprietary traffic decoding and patternmatching technology. A packaged product comprising software andhardware, the system would capture Internet traffic flowing to or froma given ISP location. The target traffic could be intercepted based onkey words, email Ids, chat Ids, ISP user ID, IP address, and telephonenumbers and websites. The sensor part of the system is located at ISPand Monitoring part is located at law enforcing agency premises.
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OrganisationTechnology
developedHighlight
ElectronicsCorporation
of India Ltd
SecuritySystems
SURAKSHA
Suraksha is an all-in-one wireless security system that combines highsecurity, ease of use and has unique consumer features. The security
system could protect isolated / unmanned installations or businessestablishments where it is difficult to run wires for hardwire security. Ina burglary emergency, the system would automatically seize the phoneline and dial the predetermined numbers
Centre forDevelopmentof AdvancedComputing(C-DAC),Bangalore
Digital mobileradiotechnologybased on
TETRAstandard
The solution covers technology for the TETRA terminal equipmentand infrastructure. TETRA offers fast call set-up time, excellent groupcommunication support, direct mode operation between radios, packetdata and circuit data transfer services, frequency economy, and excellentsecurity features.
D-View -Indigenous
Digital SetTop Box
D-View is a Digital Set Top Box in compliance with MPEG 2/DVBstandards enabling the viewers to access wide range of services such as
Digital Transmission, Web-browsing using any of the front endNetwork interface modules of Satellite, and Terrestrial or Cable. Thebroadcasters, through the multi system operators (MSO) transmit the
TV signals and are increasingly demanding their viewers to pay for theservices and hence transmit scrambled signals.
C-DAC,Noida
TeleTVcamera andelectronicmodule
Indigenously developed by C-DAC under a project by Ministry ofInformation Technology, Government of India.
In addition to this, C-DOT, which is responsible for developing state-of-the-art telecommunicationtechnology to meet the needs of the Indian telecommunication network, made significant contribution in
this regard. Some of the technologies developed by C-DOT are as follows:
Table5: Achievements of C-DOT till date Technology Application
Medium capacity Main Automatic ExchangesNarrowband switching system
Large capacity Main Automatic Exchanges
Small capacity switch (with V5.2)
Digital Loop Carrier System
Subscriber Loops on Optical Carrier
Wired Access Network Products
Fibre-To-The Building / Curb (on Passive Optical Network)
Service Control PointIntelligent Network System
Service Management Point
ATM Multiplexer
Line Termination Unit
Broadband Switching (BISDN)Products
Network Management System
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Motorola India is into serious R&D activities in its labs in Bangalore and Hyderabad. The R&D unit of
Motorola in India is called Global Software Group-India. Some of the recent R&D achievements of theIndian R&D team are as follows:
Integrated MSC, VLR, AuC, EIR
Home Location Register
Messaging System: SMSC, VMS, ESME
Operations Support System (OSS)
Billing Centre
GSM Cellular Mobile CommunicationProducts
Customer Care
SDH Add-Drop Multiplexer
2/34 Optical Multiplexer
Optical Communication Products
34 Mbps Optical Line Terminal
Intermediate Data Rate VSAT in C Band
INSAT MSS in CxS Band
Satellite Communication Products
Distance Management System
Trunk Exchange Management SystemNetwork Management System
Subscriber Management System
Small capacity Access NetworkRural Telecom Products
TDMA Point-to-Multi-Point Radio SystemVOIP Switch Media Gateway, Controller, Signalling Gateway and
Gatekeeper
HDSL ModemCustomer Premises Equipment
Top of Form ISDN CPEs
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Trends in Telephone Subscribers
and tele denisity in India on
Quarterly basis
500
600
700
800
900
Mar-10 Jun-10 Sep-10 Dec-10 Mar-11
inm
50
60
70
80
density
Subscriber Base (LHS)
Teledensity (RHS)
Trends in Internet/Broadband
subscription
10.99
11.89
7.7 7.79
10.31
9.47
8.77
7.597.257.41
7
10
13
Mar-10 10-Jun 10-Sep 10-Dec 11-Mar
SubscriberBase(mn) Broadband(>=256 Kbps)
Narrowband(
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Table 6: Achievements of Global Software Group-India (R&D unit of Motorola India)
Technology Achievement
Software and features for over 25 new phones (GSM, CDMA and 3G) in 2005,
Contributions to Iconic products like RazR, PEBL, Q phone (Smartphone),SLVR series by
GSG India:
Contributions to Motorolas 3G cell phones for Europe
Application Framework and System Software Architecture
Mobile Phone
Software
Design, Implementation, Build, Integration and Test
Among the first to develop Rich Voice Call (Video Share or See What I See)
Proprietary algorithms to reduce complexity, enhance video quality in wirelessenvironment
MultimediaCommunications
Complete software designs for handheld audio and video player systems
Nearly every Motorola GSM handset shipped has a GSM/GPRS signaling stack
developed by MotorolaIndia
The R&D Test Center in Hyderabad contributed to over 200 Conformance testsin collaboration with the
Signaling Stacks
global standards body - ETSI.
Browsers andMessaging
Motorola Internet Browser and Multimedia messaging system on 3G and GSMphones was conceived,
GSG contributions to Bluetooth protocol and profile design key to severalsuccessful Motorola products,
including the BLNC 1000 Car Kit.
Connectivity andBluetooth
Device Management & Over the Air (FOTA) features developed and integrated
across products.Digital video solutions lab for testing advanced video applications for home.
Design & development of most radio access sub systems: mobility management,access
nodes, trans-coding & bearer processing & test tools.
Development of next generation converged architecture.
Development of high speed access point (HSAP) system.
Modeling & network analysis tools for complex networks, evaluation of emergingtechnologies
and network processor based architectures
Development and test of software features for high availability platforms in the
WirelessBroadband and WiMAX space
Design and development of the middleware for a service delivery platform
Successfully developed & deployed an Over The Air provisioning product forCDMA phones
for CDMA operators in India
InfrastructureSoftware
Ownership of software for BSR6400 and BSR2000 broadband cable routers
Complete development of VoIP client solution including SIP (Session InitiationProtocol) stack
Contributing to standards development of the UMA protocols
Seamless MobilityResearch
Testing UMA based WiFi solution with operators
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Service Provider markert share as
on Apr 2011
Vodafone,
16.56%
BSNL,
11.13%
Reliance,
16.77%
Bharti,
19.91%
Idea,
11.12%
Other,
23.64%
Tata,
10.93%
Aircel,
6.77%
Uninor,
2.93%
Videocon,
0.88%
sistema,
1.29%
MTNL,
0.66%
HFCL,
0.18%
Source: Press release, TRAI
Market Share in Wireline Segment
as on Apr 2011
Tata,
3.74%
Reliance,
3.58%
MTNL,
10.01%
Bharti,
9.57%
BSNL,
72.43%
Source: Press release, TRAI
Mobile Number Portability requests increased from 64.23 lakh subscribers at the end of March 2011 to85.41 lakh subscribers at the end of April 2011. An active wireless subscriber in VLR in April- 2011 is583.22m. Broadband subscription reachesto 12.01m in April-2011 from 11.87m inMarch-2011.
Wireless Segment (GSM, CDMA &FWP)Private operators hold 88.21% of the
wireless market share where as BSNL andMTNL, two PSU operators hold only
11.79% market share.
Total Wireless subscriber base increasedfrom 811.59m in March 2011 to 826.93mat the end of April 2011, registering agrowth of 1.89%. The share of UrbanSubscriber marginally decreased to 66.20%from 66.30% where as share of RuralSubscribers marginally increased from33.70% to 33.80%. The overall wireless
Tele-density in India reaches 69.19.
Wireless subscription in Urban Areasincreased from 538.05 million in March2011 to 547.42 million at the end of April2011. Rural subscription increased from273.54 million to 279.51 million. Thisshows higher growth in Rural Subscription(2.18%) than Urban Subscription (1.74%).
The Urban wireless teledensity increasedfrom 150.06 to 152.41 and Ruralteledensity increased from 32.75 to 33.44.
Highlights of Telecom Subscription Data as on 30th April 2011Particulars Wireless Wireline Total
Total Sunscribers 826.93 34.55 861.48 Total Net Addition 15.34 -0.18 15.17% of Monthly Growth 1.89% -0.51% 1.79%
Urban Subscribers 547.42 25.94 573.36Urban Subscribers Net Addition 9.38 -0.09 9.28% of Monthly Growth 1.74% -0.36% 1.65%Rural Subscribers 279.51 8.61 288.12Rural Subscribers Net Addition 5.97 -0.08 5.88% of Monthly Growth 2.18% -0.94% 2.09%
Teledensity 69.19 2.89 72.08Urban Teledensity 152.41 7.22 159.63Rural Teledensity 33.44 1.03 34.47Share of Urban Subscriber 66.20% 75.08% 66.56%Share of Rural Subscriber 33.80% 24.92% 33.44%
Source: Press release, TRAI
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Com position of Telephone
subscribes
Urban
Wireless,
63.57%
Rural
wireless,
32.32%
Urban
wireline,
3.08%
RuralWireline,
1.03%
Source: Press release, TRAI
Composition of Gross Revenue
Access
Services,74.87%
NLD,
16.12%
ILD,
5.47%
Others,
3.54%
Source: Press release, TRAI
Wireline Segment
Wireline subscriber base declined from 34.73m in March 2011 to 34.55m at the end of April 2011. Theshare of Urban Subscriber went up from 74.97% to 75.08% where as share of Rural Subscribers came
down to 24.92% from 25.03%. The overall wireline Tele-density in India declines to2.89% with urban and rural teledensity being7.22% and 1.03% respectively. BSNL andMTNL, two PSU operators hold 82.44% ofthe Wireline market share.
Composition of Telephone Subscribers
About 61.96% of the total net additions are inurban areas as compared to 63.17% in theprevious quarter. Rural subscription recordeda decline in rate of growth during the quarter.It declined from 9.98 % in Dec-10 to 8.65%in QE Mar-11. Rate of growth for urbansubscription also declined from 8.30% in QEDec-10 to 6.93% in QE Mar-11.
Composition of Gross Revenue
Access services contributed 74.87% of thetotal revenue of telecom services. In Accessservices GR, AGR, License Fee & Spectrum
charges increased by 2.91%, 1.08%, 0.45% &5.52% respectively in the quarter ending Mar-11 vis--vis previous quarter.Average Revenueper User (ARPU) for Access Services based on
AGR declined from `107 in QE Dec-10 to`100 in QE Mar-11.
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Telecom Sector and the 11th Five YearPlan (2007-12)
The Planning Commission constituted a Working Group on the Telecom Sector inits way towards the 11th Five Year Plan(2007-12) with the following subgroups:
Network Expansion Broadband Telecom Equipment Manufacturing Technology and R&D Taxes/Levies in Telecom Sector
11. Indias Focus
11.1 Government Set-up
Government of India operates a very active network of authorities entrusted with the responsibility offurther developing the telecommunication sector. Following is the schematic representation of thegovernment machinery in India:
11.2 Government InitiativesThe Government of India launched an ambitious plan to strengthen and make the telecommunicationssector on par with the leading countries in the world. According to the New Telecom Policy drawn bythe Government in 1999, the major targets are:
Encourage development of telecommunicationfacilities in remote, hilly and tribal areas of thecountry
Create a modern and efficient telecommunicationsinfrastructure taking into account the convergenceof IT, media, telecom and consumer electronicsand thereby propel India into becoming an IT
superpower Convert PCO's, wherever justified, into Public
Teleinfo centres with multimedia capability suchas ISDN services, remote database access,government and community information systems
Transform in a time bound manner, thetelecommunications sector to a more competitive environment in both urban and rural areas,providing equal opportunities and level-playing field for all players
Strengthen R&D efforts in the country and provide an impetus to build world-class manufacturingcapabilities
Achieve efficiency and transparency in spectrum management
Ministry of Communication andInformation Technology
Department of
Telecommunication
Telecom Regulatory Authority of India
Research Product Services Others
Fi ure 3: Telecommunication setu in India
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Indias Broadband Policy, 2004 at a glace
1.Technology Options for Broadband ServicesOptical Fibre TechnologiesDigital Subscriber Lines on copper loopCable TV NetworkSatellite MediaTerrestrial WirelessOther Future Technologies
2.Quality of Service (QoS)QoS parameters are considered to be extremely important and boast an impact on investment androll-out decisions of operators. TRAI would prescribe QoS parameters for provisioning of broadbandservice using various access technologies.
3.Simplification of SACFA/WPC clearanceThe VSAT operators could start the installation process for VSAT terminals after a period of onemonth of submitting all relevant documents and subsequent clearance by SACFA / WPC clearance
wherever the total height of such installation is less than 5 metres above the rooftop of an authorisedbuilding. No SACFA / WPC clearance required for Receive Only VSAT terminals and DTH withReceive Only Internet.
In line with the objectives, the country set the following targets in different service areas:
Government aiming at 'One India Call' rate: Under the proposed rate, costs to be made independentof distance. Calling up somebody who is 600km away would cost the same as connecting to a person1,800km away.
Addition of about 100m phones by December 2007 (total 250m phones by December 2007). Project for release of 45MHz spectrum from Defence for growth of mobile services are launched.
The additional spectrum is likely to be made available in the beginning of the year 2007.
Project for sharing of infrastructure by mobile operators is launched in Delhi and Mumbai. Providing of Village Public Telephone (VPTs) in 66,822 unconnected villages as a component of the
Bharat Nirman programme.
46,253 Rural Community Phones to be provided in villages with population exceeding 2,000 andwithout a public phone facility other than a VPT.
Agreements signed for providing Rural household Lines (RDELs) in 1,685 commercially unviableShort Distance Charging Areas
Modalities for sharing of infrastructure for increasing rural mobile penetration are in advance stage offinalisation.
To facilitate speedy rural penetration, entry handsets with a price-tag of Rs1,700 are launched. Planning to provide mobile coverage in villages with population more than 5,000 by September 2006,