Overview of coding for Evidence Map
Item ID
Short Title
Intervention
Outcome
Region
Study Design
Economic Sector
27041357
Aassve (2012)
Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Provision of care facilities (child & elderly)
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Region• UMIC• Europe
Study Design• Instrumental Variables (IV)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27041307
Abubakar (2015)
Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital
Interventions to provide education/skills• Financial literacy training
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices
Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa
Study Design• Mixed methods
Economic Sector• Unclear
27434851
Acero, (2011)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training
Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Provision of economic information
Interventions to provide work experience • Internships
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Social Capital• Networks
Region• LMIC• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27056643
Acharya (2007)
Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings
Interventions to provide education/skills• Literacy/numeracy skills training
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Firm size
Region• LIC• Asia
Study Design• Mixed methods
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27570160
Acharya, (2009)
Microfinance• Micro-savings
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Soft skills training
Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment• Youth empowerment
Economic Empowerment• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Employability/Business skills• Skills
Social Capital• Sociol cohesion• Self-esteem, aspirations
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27122706
Adato (2002)
Macroeconomic changes• Public works programmes
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Region• UMIC• Africa• South Africa
Study Design• Mixed methods
Economic Sector• Unclear
27041286
Adeel (2016)
Provision of infrastructure• Roads, public transport, street lights
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Access to employment opportunities • Means to access opportunities
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Mixed methods
Economic Sector• Unclear
27392352
Aedo (2004)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Cost-effectiveness• Data on cost reported
Region• LMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27434853
Aedo, (2004)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
29550615
Afridi (2012)
Macroeconomic changes• Public works programmes
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27041251
Agenor (2015)
Changing business culture/practice • Anti-discrimination policies
Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies
Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment
Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Instrumental Variables (IV)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27440728
Agnes (2013)
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Value chain services & market access
Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Access to economic assets• Investment in economic assets/productivity
Social Capital• Sociol cohesion
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture
27434578
Ahmed, (2009)
Macroeconomic changes• Public works programmes
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Cash transfers• Conditional
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Cost-effectiveness• Cost-effectiveness calculation
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)• Mixed methods
Economic Sector• Unclear
27434054
Ahsan, (2009)
Changing business culture/practice • Setting and enforcing effective laws to protect women from violence and exploitation at work• Anti-discrimination policies
Participation in formal or informal employment• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Manufacturing
27430279
Aivazian, (2008)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Investment in economic assets/productivity
Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27055490
Aker (2016)
Economic assets• Business technology
Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels
Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices
Region• LIC• Asia
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture
27570212
Aker, (2011)
Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Control over household income/spending
Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology
Cost-effectiveness• Data on cost reported
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27121057
Akter (2011)
Economic assets• Provision of capital in-kind
Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions
Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27041179
Al (2016)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Business advisory/mentoring
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Employability/Business skills• Skills• Change in business practices
Social Capital• Self-esteem, aspirations
Region• UMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27434060
Alaniz, (2011)
Increase women's financial returns• Salary/wage increases
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Region• LMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Wage labour
27434062
Alatas, (2008)
Increase women's financial returns• Salary/wage increases
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment• Changing employment
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Manufacturing
27570161
Alcid, (2014)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training• Soft skills training
Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Provision of economic information• Business advisory/mentoring
Interventions to provide work experience • Internships• Job placements
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Wage labour
27440732
Alessandro (2003)
Macroeconomic changes• Trade liberalisation / export orientated production
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)
Economic Sector• Manufacturing
27440524
Ali (2012)
Changes to land titles, business ownership, inheritance• Property rights
Economic Empowerment• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture
27569290
Ali (2014)
Changes to land titles, business ownership, inheritance• Property rights
Economic Empowerment• Access to economic assets• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27056274
Ali (2014)
Changes to land titles, business ownership, inheritance• Land reform• Property rights
Behavioural nudges• Micro-incentives
Economic Empowerment• Access to economic assets
Policy change• Laws and regulation
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27055746
Ali (2014)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Access to economic assets• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27056377
Almeida (2010)
Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Mixed methods
Economic Sector• Unclear
27418983
Almeida, (2012)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Business advisory/mentoring• Career guidance & counselling
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Changing employment
Economic Empowerment• Women's well-being (not specified)
Employability/Business skills• Skills
Social Capital• Networks • Self-esteem, aspirations
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27041166
Al-Shami (2016)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Access to economic assets• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Social Capital• Self-esteem, aspirations
Region• UMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27432130
Alzua (2006)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27432132
Alzua (2013)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Soft skills training
Interventions to provide work experience • Internships
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Social Capital• Networks • Sociol cohesion• Self-esteem, aspirations
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Wage labour
27055870
Alzua (2013)
Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Social security
Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Region• LMIC• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27434064
Amin, (2009)
Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27434855
Analítica (2006)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Region• LMIC• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27434022
Anderson-M (2014)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training• Financial literacy training
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Business profit• Firm size
Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices
Region• LMIC• Africa• South Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27440745
Angel (2006)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment
Employment enhancing behaviours• Active employment search
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27440750
Anton (2005)
Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Region• LMIC• Asia• Latin America
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)
Economic Sector• Unclear
29258760
Anyanwu (2014)
Macroeconomic changes• Trade liberalisation / export orientated production
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27432137
Arandarenko, (2012)
Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Literacy/numeracy skills training
Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Job search assistance• Career guidance & counselling
Interventions to provide work experience • Internships• Vouchers & subsidies (demand-side)
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Progression & career prospect
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Women's well-being (not specified)
Region• LMIC• Europe
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
29279897
Ardington (2009)
Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Social security
Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment
Region• UMIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27055519
Asadullah (2016)
Economic assets• Provision of capital in-kind
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Individual savings
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27055760
Asfaw (2014)
Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Access to economic assets
Region• LMIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture
27440231
Ashraf, (2007)
Microfinance• Micro-savings
Behavioural nudges• Commitment devices
Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27444666
Asumugha, (2009)
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Value chain services & market access• Formalisation/certification of businesses
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Control over household income/spending
Region• LMIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture
27430280
Atkin, (2014)
Macroeconomic changes• Trade liberalisation / export orientated production
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Business profit
Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills• Change in business practices
Region• LMIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Manufacturing
27440375
Attanasio (2004)
Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Provision of care facilities (child & elderly)
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27057060
Attanasio (2008)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Cost-effectiveness• Cost-effectiveness calculation
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27440225
Attanasio (2011)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business profit• Firm size
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27040904
Attanasio (2011)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Employability/Business skills• Skills
Cost-effectiveness• Cost-effectiveness calculation
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Wage labour
27055650
Attanasio (2015)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Gender sensitive design• Designing for risk preference
Participation in formal or informal employment• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27622009
Augsburg (2012)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Firm size
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Region• UMIC• Europe
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
29262545
Austrian (2013)
Microfinance• Micro-savings
Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment• Outreach and awareness-raising
Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Individual savings• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Employability/Business skills• Knowledge
Access to employment opportunities • Means to access opportunities
Employment enhancing behaviours• Active employment search
Region• LIC• LMIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27056175
Ayaliew (2013)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Revenue
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27439102
Baird (2016)
Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Access to economic assets• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Individual savings• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27440440
Baldawi (2014)
Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Social security
Microfinance• Micro-insurance
Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital
Participation in formal or informal employment• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Economic Empowerment• Individual savings
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27438639
Balkan (2014)
Interventions to provide work experience • Vouchers & subsidies (demand-side)• Vouchers & subsidies (supply-side)
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Region• UMIC• Europe
Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27056266
Bandiera (2014)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Soft skills training
Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Control over household income/spending• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
29260020
Bandiera (2017)
Increase women's financial returns• Salary/wage increases
Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Employability/Business skills• Skills
Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America
Study Design• Systematic Review
Economic Sector• Unclear
27434579
Bandiera, (2012)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training• Soft skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27572230
Bandiera, (2013)
Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Wage labour
27434043
Bandiera, (2013)
Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training• Soft skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Women's well-being (not specified)
Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Latin America
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27055660
Banerjee (2015)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business profit• Firm size[Info] NOTE, this followed from GRIMM SR
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27569283
Banerjee (2017)
Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27570125
Banerjee, (2010)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27438475
Banerjee, (2015)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
Item ID
Short Title
Intervention
Outcome
Region
Study Design
Economic Sector
29279920
Barrientos (2013)
Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27440442
Barros (2011)
Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Provision of care facilities (child & elderly)
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27040725
Bass (2016)
Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings
Participation in formal or informal employment• Under-employment
Economic Empowerment• Women's well-being (not specified)
Access to employment opportunities • Awareness /information about employment opportunities
Social Capital• Networks
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27572282
Batchuluun, (2016)
Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27040694
Beaman (2012)
Changing business culture/practice • Quota & reservation approaches• Public sector practices in employment and procurement
Changes in norms and attitudes• Women’s political participation
Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Access to employment opportunities • Awareness /information about employment opportunities• Changes in business employment practices
Social Capital• Self-esteem, aspirations
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27106662
Beaman (2013)
Economic assets• Business technology
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Innovation support
Entrepreneurial success• Business profit
Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture
27438534
Beaman (2015)
Changing business culture/practice • Business leadership & management• Public sector practices in employment and procurement
Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Job search assistance• Business advisory/mentoring
Gender sensitive design• Designing for restrictive social norms
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27449879
Beaman, (2014)
Macroeconomic changes• Public works programmes
Social organisation• Selfhelp groups
Changes in norms and attitudes• Mentoring/Role modelling
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Economic Empowerment• Women's well-being (not specified)
Employability/Business skills• Knowledge
Social Capital• Self-esteem, aspirations
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27106999
BEATH (2013)
Changing business culture/practice • Quota & reservation approaches• Public sector practices in employment and procurement
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Policy change• Policy formulation & adoption
Region• LIC• Asia
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27040670
Behrman (2011)
Cash transfers• Conditional
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Changing employment
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Mixed methods
Economic Sector• Unclear
27040648
Belwal (2012)
Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings
Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Firm size
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Access to economic assets• Individual savings
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Mixed methods
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27430281
Benavente, (2007)
Macroeconomic changes• Industrialisation policies• Investment policies (domestic & foreign)
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Value chain services & market access• Matching grants• Innovation support
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Business profit• Firm size
Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)• Difference-in-Difference (DID)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27569285
Benhassine (2013)
Cash transfers• Conditional
Behavioural nudges• Commitment devices• Framing & identity cues
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Region• LMIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27569282
Benhassine (2017)
Microfinance• Micro-savings
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Formalisation/certification of businesses
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27434856
Benus, (2001)
Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Region• UMIC• Europe
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27440093
BenYishay (2016)
Behavioural nudges• Micro-incentives
Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices
Social Capital• Sociol cohesion
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture
27056739
Berg (2014)
Macroeconomic changes• Public works programmes
Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27055615
Berge (2015)
Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Economic Empowerment• Women's well-being (not specified)
Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills• Change in business practices
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27434836
Berge, (2012)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Region• LMIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27440446
Berlinski (2007)
Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Provision of care facilities (child & elderly)
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27056202
Berlinski (2011)
Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Provision of care facilities (child & elderly)
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27438532
Bernard, (2014)
Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment
Behavioural nudges• Framing & identity cues
Participation in formal or informal employment• Under-employment
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Individual savings• Women's well-being (not specified)
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27434065
Besley, (2004)
Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies
Entrepreneurial success• Revenue
Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices
Access to employment opportunities • Changes in business employment practices
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Manufacturing
27055784
Bhattacharya (2014)
Social organisation• Selfhelp groups
Economic Empowerment• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27434857
Bidani, (2002)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Region• UMIC• Asia
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27055549
Binate (2015)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Access to economic assets
Region• LMIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27434066
Bird, (2003)
Increase women's financial returns• Salary/wage increases
Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27438508
Bjorvatn (2015)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Gender sensitive design• Designing for time & mobility• Designing for risk preference
Behavioural nudges• Micro-incentives
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Region• LMIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27418980
Blanco (2002)
Macroeconomic changes• Trade liberalisation / export orientated production
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27440228
Blattman (2011)
Cash transfers• Unconditional
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Women's well-being (not specified)
Social Capital• Networks
Cost-effectiveness• Data on cost reported
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27055781
Blattman (2014)
Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Firm size
Economic Empowerment• Access to economic assets• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Employability/Business skills• Skills
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Manufacturing• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27055477
Blattman (2016)
Cash transfers• Unconditional
Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Business advisory/mentoring
Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27438447
Blattman, (2011)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training• Literacy/numeracy skills training
Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Career guidance & counselling
Interventions to provide work experience • Job placements
Changes in norms and attitudes• Mentoring/Role modelling• Youth empowerment
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27434580
Blattman, (2013)
Cash transfers• Unconditional
Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Changing employment
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27432762
Blattman, (2013)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Cash transfers• Unconditional
Economic assets• Provision of capital in-kind
Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Business profit
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27432883
Blattman, (2014)
Cash transfers• Conditional
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Business advisory/mentoring• Career guidance & counselling
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Business advisory/mentoring
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Social Capital• Sociol cohesion
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27434034
Blattman, (2015)
Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings
Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional
Economic assets• Provision of capital in-kind
Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27622010
Blattmann (2016)
Cash transfers• Conditional
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Job search assistance
Participation in formal or informal employment• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Women's well-being (not specified)
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Manufacturing
27434045
Bloom, (2013)
Changing business culture/practice • Business leadership & management
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Business advisory/mentoring
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Business advisory/mentoring
Entrepreneurial success• Business profit
Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Wage labour• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27056723
Botha (2006)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills
Social Capital• Self-esteem, aspirations
Region• UMIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27056638
Botha (2007)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business profit• Revenue• Firm size
Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills
Region• UMIC• Africa• South Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27572898
Brody (2015)
Social organisation• Selfhelp groups
Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Women's well-being (not specified)• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Social Capital• Sociol cohesion• Self-esteem, aspirations
Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America
Study Design• Systematic Review
Economic Sector• Unclear
27440744
Brown, (1996)
27056186
Bruhn (2011)
Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Region• UMIC• Asia
Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27040388
Bruhn (2013)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training• Financial literacy training
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices
Region• UMIC• Europe
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27569281
Bruhn (2013)
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Formalisation/certification of businesses
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27444682
Bruhn, (2009)
Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings• Financial inclusion
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27430282
Bruhn, (2011)
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Formalisation/certification of businesses
Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels
Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27439301
Bruhn, (2012)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Career guidance & counselling
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Business advisory/mentoring
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Business profit• Revenue• Firm size
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27438600
Buehren (2015)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
29261344
Buehren (2016)
Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment
Gender sensitive design• Designing for restrictive social norms• Designing for risk preference
Behavioural nudges• Framing & identity cues
Economic Empowerment• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Social Capital• Self-esteem, aspirations
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27055501
Bulte (2016)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment
Employability/Business skills• Skills
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27108331
Burchfield (2002)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Literacy/numeracy skills training
Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills
Region• LIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27438535
Bureau (2013)
Microfinance• Micro-savings
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Individual savings
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Mixed methods
Economic Sector• Unclear
27570155
Burger, (2010)
Changing business culture/practice • Quota & reservation approaches• Anti-discrimination policies
Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Region• LMIC• Africa• South Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27570221
Bustamante, (2015)
Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Parental leave
Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Region• UMIC• Latin America• South Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27040341
Buvinic (2016)
Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Provision of care facilities (child & elderly)
Increase women's financial returns• Salary/wage increases
Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings• Micro-insurance• Financial inclusion
Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional
Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital• Provision of capital in-kind• Business technology
Changes to land titles, business ownership, inheritance• Property rights
Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training• Literacy/numeracy skills training• Soft skills training
Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Job search assistance
Interventions to provide work experience • Internships
Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment
Gender sensitive design• Designing for time & mobility• Designing for restrictive social norms
Behavioural nudges• Commitment devices
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business profit• Revenue• Firm size
Economic Empowerment• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices
Cost-effectiveness• Data on cost reported
Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America
Study Design• Systematic Review
Economic Sector• Wage labour• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27434049
Cai, (2016)
Changing business culture/practice • Business leadership & management
Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Business advisory/mentoring• Career guidance & counselling
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Business advisory/mentoring
Social organisation• Collaboratives & collectives
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Revenue
Access to employment opportunities • Awareness /information about employment opportunities• Participation in business-related associations
Social Capital• Networks
Region• UMIC• Asia
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27056515
Calderon (2013)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business profit• Revenue• Firm size
Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices
Access to employment opportunities • Participation in business-related associations
Employment enhancing behaviours• Active enquiry for business opportunities
Region• LMIC• Latin America
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27433798
Calero, (2014)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Soft skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
29279898
Canavire-Bacarreza (2013)
Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27433800
Card, (2011)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27440747
Carlos (2013)
Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Social security
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Interventions to provide work experience • Vouchers & subsidies (demand-side)• Vouchers & subsidies (supply-side)
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Investment in economic assets/productivity
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27056049
Carneiro (2015)
Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Social security
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Access to employment opportunities • Awareness /information about employment opportunities• Means to access opportunities
Employment enhancing behaviours• Active employment search
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27107799
Carr (2015)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Literacy/numeracy skills training
Economic Empowerment• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27431036
Castillo, (2010)
Macroeconomic changes• Trade liberalisation / export orientated production• Active labour market policies
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Value chain services & market access• Matching grants• Innovation support• Business advisory/mentoring
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Entrepreneurial success• Firm size
Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices
Employment enhancing behaviours• Active enquiry for business opportunities
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)
Economic Sector• Trade
27433841
Centro Microdato (2005)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Business advisory/mentoring• Career guidance & counselling
Interventions to provide work experience • Internships• Apprenticeship schemes• Job placements
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Business advisory/mentoring
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27057173
Cerda (2002)
Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Social security
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27572285
Chang,H (2017)
Changes to land titles, business ownership, inheritance• Property rights
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment
Region• UMIC• Asia
Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)
Economic Sector• Wage labour
27440026
Chen (2001)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
Item ID
Short Title
Intervention
Outcome
Region
Study Design
Economic Sector
27120846
Chiputwa (2016)
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Formalisation/certification of businesses
Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Control over household income/spending• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Instrumental Variables (IV)
Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture
27572255
Chitolina,L (2013)
Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Social security
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27055795
Cho (2014)
Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Business advisory/mentoring
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Innovation support
Gender sensitive design• Designing for time & mobility
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Firm size
Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending
Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Change in business practices
Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America
Study Design• Systematic Review
Economic Sector• Unclear
27433801
Cho, ()
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Gender sensitive design• Designing for time & mobility• Designing for restrictive social norms
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Economic Empowerment• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Women's well-being (not specified)
Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27434880
Chong (2008)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Changing employment
Employability/Business skills• Skills
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27434879
Chong, (2006)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27433802
Chong, (2006)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27431137
Chudnovsky, (2006)
Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Value chain services & market access• Matching grants• Innovation support
Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Business profit• Revenue
Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Instrumental Variables (IV)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27107090
Chun (2012)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Mixed methods
Economic Sector• Unclear
27572899
Cirera (2014)
Macroeconomic changes• Trade liberalisation / export orientated production• Local production systems
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Entrepreneurial success• Firm size
Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America
Study Design• Systematic Review
Economic Sector• Trade
27418981
Cling, (2005)
Macroeconomic changes• Trade liberalisation / export orientated production• Local production systems
Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Business profit• Revenue• Firm size
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Instrumental Variables (IV)
Economic Sector• Trade
27418982
Cling, (2007)
Macroeconomic changes• Trade liberalisation / export orientated production• Local production systems
Entrepreneurial success• Business profit• Revenue• Firm size
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Instrumental Variables (IV)
Economic Sector• Trade
27438424
Coady, (2001)
Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• UMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27570134
Cole, (2012)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Financial literacy training
Economic Empowerment• Individual savings
Employability/Business skills• Knowledge
Region• LMIC• Africa• South Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27434067
Comola, (2011)
Increase women's financial returns• Salary/wage alignments
Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27439849
Contreras (2016)
Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Provision of care facilities (child & elderly)
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27570217
Contreras, (2007)
Social organisation• Selfhelp groups • Collaboratives & collectives
Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment
Region• LMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27433568
Corseuil, (2011)
Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies
Interventions to provide work experience • Vouchers & subsidies (demand-side)
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Entrepreneurial success• Firm size
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27433804
Corseuil, (2014)
Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Interventions to provide work experience • Vouchers & subsidies (demand-side)
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27056982
Corsi (2013)
Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings• Micro-insurance
Economic Empowerment• Individual savings• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27440107
Crepon (2011)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Investment in economic assets/productivity
Region• LMIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27570141
Crépon, (2015)
Changes in norms and attitudes• Youth empowerment
Behavioural nudges• Framing & identity cues
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices
Region• LMIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27431438
Crespi, (2011)
Macroeconomic changes• Local production systems
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Matching grants• Innovation support
Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Business profit
Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices
Employment enhancing behaviours• Active enquiry for business opportunities
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Higher education/Science & Technology
27440748
Dadson (2012)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels
Region• LMIC• Africa
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
29279921
Daidone (2014)
Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27039836
Danzer (2013)
Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Social security
Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Region• LMIC• Asia• Europe
Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)• Instrumental Variables (IV)• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Wage labour
27056062
Das (2012)
Social organisation• Selfhelp groups
Economic Empowerment• Women's well-being (not specified)• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Mixed methods
Economic Sector• Unclear
27433807
Dasso, (2015)
Provision of infrastructure• Electricity & energy
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27056998
Datar (2009)
Cash transfers• Conditional
Changes to land titles, business ownership, inheritance• Land reform• Property rights
Entrepreneurial success• Revenue
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Access to economic assets
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)• Difference-in-Difference (DID)• Mixed methods
Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture
27039808
Datta (2015)
Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions
Social organisation• Selfhelp groups
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27056145
Davis (2012)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Revenue
Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices
Region• LIC• LMIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture
27056183
De (2011)
Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings
Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions
Social organisation• Selfhelp groups
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Individual savings• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27570152
de (2012)
Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Business profit• Revenue
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America
Study Design• Systematic Review
Economic Sector• Unclear
27433772
De (2013)
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Formalisation/certification of businesses
Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels
Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Change in business practices
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27057200
de Mel (2009)
Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital
Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Business profit• Revenue
Economic Empowerment• Investment in economic assets/productivity
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27056403
de Mel (2009)
Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital
Entrepreneurial success• Business profit
Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending
Region• LMIC
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27039748
de Mel (2012)
Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business profit
Region• LMIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27055814
de Mel (2014)
Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional
Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital
Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Changing employment
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Business profit• Revenue• Firm size
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27431618
De Negri (2006)
Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Matching grants• Innovation support
Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Business profit• Firm size
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Higher education/Science & Technology
27570123
Dean (2014)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Business advisory/mentoring
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Business profit
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27056996
Deininger (2009)
Social organisation• Selfhelp groups
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Access to economic assets
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)• Difference-in-Difference (DID)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27107078
Deininger (2013)
Social organisation• Selfhelp groups
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Access to economic assets
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)• Difference-in-Difference (DID)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27440466
Deininger, (2009)
Changes to land titles, business ownership, inheritance• Land reform• Property rights
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Access to economic assets• Investment in economic assets/productivity
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27434582
Deininger, (2009)
Social organisation• Selfhelp groups
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Investment in economic assets/productivity
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27039655
Desai (2014)
Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital
Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions
Interventions to provide education/skills• Soft skills training
Social organisation• Selfhelp groups
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment
Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Individual savings• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27039654
Desai (2014)
Economic assets• Business technology
Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Provision of economic information
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Value chain services & market access• Innovation support
Social organisation• Collaboratives & collectives
Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Adoption of technology
Access to employment opportunities • Awareness /information about employment opportunities
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture
27444349
Desmond (2015)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Business advisory/mentoring
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status
Region• LIC• Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27433806
Díaz, (2006)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27572902
Dickson (2009)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional
Economic assets• Provision of capital in-kind
Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions
Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment• Youth empowerment
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Women's well-being (not specified)• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America
Study Design• Systematic Review
Economic Sector• Unclear
27055551
Dineen (2015)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Social organisation• Organised labour
Economic Empowerment• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27056195
Dinkelman (2011)
Provision of infrastructure• Roads, public transport, street lights• Electricity & energy
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment• Changing employment
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures
Social Capital• Sociol cohesion
Region• LMIC• Africa• South Africa
Study Design• Instrumental Variables (IV)
Economic Sector• Wage labour
27430274
Dinkelman, (2010)
Increase women's financial returns• Salary/wage alignments
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)
Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices
Region• LMIC• South Africa
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27438485
Diwan, (2014)
Behavioural nudges• Commitment devices• Framing & identity cues
Employment enhancing behaviours• Active enquiry for business opportunities
Region• LMIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27039567
Doi (2014)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Financial literacy training
Behavioural nudges• Framing & identity cues
Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Individual savings
Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Change in business practices
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• Quasi-experimental
Economic Sector• Unclear
27434842
Drexler, (2012)
Interventions to provide education/skills• Financial literacy training
Behavioural nudges• Framing & identity cues• Micro-incentives
Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills• Change in business practices
Region• UMIC• Latin America
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Unclear
27440502
Duflo, (2008)
Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings
Economic assets• Business technology
Behavioural nudges• Commitment devices
Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Business profit• Revenue
Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices
Region• LMIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture
27438477
Duflo, (2013)
Microfinance• Micro-credit
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels
Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Women's empowerment (not specified)
Region• LMIC• Asia
Study Design• RCT
Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)
27039496
Duncan (2010)
Increase women's financial returns• Tax incentives
Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment• Changing employment
Access to employment opportunities • Means to access opportunities
Region• UMIC• Europe
Study Design• Instrumental Variables (IV)
Economic Sector• Unclear
27039488
Dupas (2013)
Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings• Financial inclusion
Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital
Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival
Economic Empowerment• Access to economic assets• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Individual savings
Region• LMIC• Africa
Study Design• RCT