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Overview of coding for Evidence Map Item ID Short Title Intervention Outcome Region Study Design Economic Sector 270413 57 Aassve (2012) Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities • Provision of care facilities (child & elderly) Participation in formal or informal employment • Employment status Region • UMIC • Europe Study Design Instrumen tal Variables (IV) Economic Sector • Unclear 270413 07 Abubakar (2015) Economic assets • Access to formal loans & capital Interventions to provide education/skills • Financial literacy training Entrepreneurial success • Business creation/surviva l Employability/ Business skills • Change in business practices Region • LIC • LMIC • UMIC • Africa Study Design • Mixed methods Economic Sector • Unclear

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Overview of coding for Evidence Map

Item ID

Short Title

Intervention

Outcome

Region

Study Design

Economic Sector

27041357

Aassve (2012)

Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Provision of care facilities (child & elderly)

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Region• UMIC• Europe

Study Design• Instrumental Variables (IV)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27041307

Abubakar (2015)

Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital

Interventions to provide education/skills• Financial literacy training

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices

Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa

Study Design• Mixed methods

Economic Sector• Unclear

27434851

Acero, (2011)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training

Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Provision of economic information

Interventions to provide work experience • Internships

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Social Capital• Networks

Region• LMIC• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27056643

Acharya (2007)

Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings

Interventions to provide education/skills• Literacy/numeracy skills training

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Firm size

Region• LIC• Asia

Study Design• Mixed methods

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27570160

Acharya, (2009)

Microfinance• Micro-savings

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Soft skills training

Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment• Youth empowerment

Economic Empowerment• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Employability/Business skills• Skills

Social Capital• Sociol cohesion• Self-esteem, aspirations

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27122706

Adato (2002)

Macroeconomic changes• Public works programmes

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Region• UMIC• Africa• South Africa

Study Design• Mixed methods

Economic Sector• Unclear

27041286

Adeel (2016)

Provision of infrastructure• Roads, public transport, street lights

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Access to employment opportunities • Means to access opportunities

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Mixed methods

Economic Sector• Unclear

27392352

Aedo (2004)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Cost-effectiveness• Data on cost reported

Region• LMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27434853

Aedo, (2004)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

29550615

Afridi (2012)

Macroeconomic changes• Public works programmes

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27041251

Agenor (2015)

Changing business culture/practice • Anti-discrimination policies

Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies

Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment

Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Instrumental Variables (IV)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27440728

Agnes (2013)

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Value chain services & market access

Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Access to economic assets• Investment in economic assets/productivity

Social Capital• Sociol cohesion

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture

27434578

Ahmed, (2009)

Macroeconomic changes• Public works programmes

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Cash transfers• Conditional

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Cost-effectiveness• Cost-effectiveness calculation

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)• Mixed methods

Economic Sector• Unclear

27434054

Ahsan, (2009)

Changing business culture/practice • Setting and enforcing effective laws to protect women from violence and exploitation at work• Anti-discrimination policies

Participation in formal or informal employment• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Manufacturing

27430279

Aivazian, (2008)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Investment in economic assets/productivity

Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27055490

Aker (2016)

Economic assets• Business technology

Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels

Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices

Region• LIC• Asia

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture

27570212

Aker, (2011)

Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Control over household income/spending

Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology

Cost-effectiveness• Data on cost reported

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27121057

Akter (2011)

Economic assets• Provision of capital in-kind

Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions

Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27041179

Al (2016)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Business advisory/mentoring

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Employability/Business skills• Skills• Change in business practices

Social Capital• Self-esteem, aspirations

Region• UMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27434060

Alaniz, (2011)

Increase women's financial returns• Salary/wage increases

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Region• LMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Wage labour

27434062

Alatas, (2008)

Increase women's financial returns• Salary/wage increases

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment• Changing employment

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Manufacturing

27570161

Alcid, (2014)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training• Soft skills training

Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Provision of economic information• Business advisory/mentoring

Interventions to provide work experience • Internships• Job placements

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Wage labour

27440732

Alessandro (2003)

Macroeconomic changes• Trade liberalisation / export orientated production

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)

Economic Sector• Manufacturing

27440524

Ali (2012)

Changes to land titles, business ownership, inheritance• Property rights

Economic Empowerment• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture

27569290

Ali (2014)

Changes to land titles, business ownership, inheritance• Property rights

Economic Empowerment• Access to economic assets• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27056274

Ali (2014)

Changes to land titles, business ownership, inheritance• Land reform• Property rights

Behavioural nudges• Micro-incentives

Economic Empowerment• Access to economic assets

Policy change• Laws and regulation

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27055746

Ali (2014)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Access to economic assets• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27056377

Almeida (2010)

Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Mixed methods

Economic Sector• Unclear

27418983

Almeida, (2012)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Business advisory/mentoring• Career guidance & counselling

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Changing employment

Economic Empowerment• Women's well-being (not specified)

Employability/Business skills• Skills

Social Capital• Networks • Self-esteem, aspirations

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27041166

Al-Shami (2016)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Access to economic assets• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Social Capital• Self-esteem, aspirations

Region• UMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27432130

Alzua (2006)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27432132

Alzua (2013)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Soft skills training

Interventions to provide work experience • Internships

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Social Capital• Networks • Sociol cohesion• Self-esteem, aspirations

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Wage labour

27055870

Alzua (2013)

Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Social security

Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Region• LMIC• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27434064

Amin, (2009)

Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27434855

Analítica (2006)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Region• LMIC• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27434022

Anderson-M (2014)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training• Financial literacy training

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Business profit• Firm size

Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices

Region• LMIC• Africa• South Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27440745

Angel (2006)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment

Employment enhancing behaviours• Active employment search

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27440750

Anton (2005)

Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Region• LMIC• Asia• Latin America

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)

Economic Sector• Unclear

29258760

Anyanwu (2014)

Macroeconomic changes• Trade liberalisation / export orientated production

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27432137

Arandarenko, (2012)

Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Literacy/numeracy skills training

Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Job search assistance• Career guidance & counselling

Interventions to provide work experience • Internships• Vouchers & subsidies (demand-side)

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Progression & career prospect

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Women's well-being (not specified)

Region• LMIC• Europe

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

29279897

Ardington (2009)

Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Social security

Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment

Region• UMIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27055519

Asadullah (2016)

Economic assets• Provision of capital in-kind

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Individual savings

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27055760

Asfaw (2014)

Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Access to economic assets

Region• LMIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture

27440231

Ashraf, (2007)

Microfinance• Micro-savings

Behavioural nudges• Commitment devices

Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27444666

Asumugha, (2009)

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Value chain services & market access• Formalisation/certification of businesses

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Control over household income/spending

Region• LMIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture

27430280

Atkin, (2014)

Macroeconomic changes• Trade liberalisation / export orientated production

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Business profit

Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills• Change in business practices

Region• LMIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Manufacturing

27440375

Attanasio (2004)

Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Provision of care facilities (child & elderly)

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27057060

Attanasio (2008)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Cost-effectiveness• Cost-effectiveness calculation

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27440225

Attanasio (2011)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business profit• Firm size

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27040904

Attanasio (2011)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Employability/Business skills• Skills

Cost-effectiveness• Cost-effectiveness calculation

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Wage labour

27055650

Attanasio (2015)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Gender sensitive design• Designing for risk preference

Participation in formal or informal employment• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27622009

Augsburg (2012)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Firm size

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Region• UMIC• Europe

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

29262545

Austrian (2013)

Microfinance• Micro-savings

Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment• Outreach and awareness-raising

Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Individual savings• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Employability/Business skills• Knowledge

Access to employment opportunities • Means to access opportunities

Employment enhancing behaviours• Active employment search

Region• LIC• LMIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27056175

Ayaliew (2013)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Revenue

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27439102

Baird (2016)

Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Access to economic assets• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Individual savings• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27440440

Baldawi (2014)

Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Social security

Microfinance• Micro-insurance

Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital

Participation in formal or informal employment• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Economic Empowerment• Individual savings

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27438639

Balkan (2014)

Interventions to provide work experience • Vouchers & subsidies (demand-side)• Vouchers & subsidies (supply-side)

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Region• UMIC• Europe

Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27056266

Bandiera (2014)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Soft skills training

Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Control over household income/spending• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

29260020

Bandiera (2017)

Increase women's financial returns• Salary/wage increases

Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Employability/Business skills• Skills

Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America

Study Design• Systematic Review

Economic Sector• Unclear

27434579

Bandiera, (2012)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training• Soft skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27572230

Bandiera, (2013)

Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Wage labour

27434043

Bandiera, (2013)

Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training• Soft skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Women's well-being (not specified)

Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Latin America

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27055660

Banerjee (2015)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business profit• Firm size[Info] NOTE, this followed from GRIMM SR

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27569283

Banerjee (2017)

Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27570125

Banerjee, (2010)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27438475

Banerjee, (2015)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

Item ID

Short Title

Intervention

Outcome

Region

Study Design

Economic Sector

29279920

Barrientos (2013)

Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27440442

Barros (2011)

Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Provision of care facilities (child & elderly)

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27040725

Bass (2016)

Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings

Participation in formal or informal employment• Under-employment

Economic Empowerment• Women's well-being (not specified)

Access to employment opportunities • Awareness /information about employment opportunities

Social Capital• Networks

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27572282

Batchuluun, (2016)

Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27040694

Beaman (2012)

Changing business culture/practice • Quota & reservation approaches• Public sector practices in employment and procurement

Changes in norms and attitudes• Women’s political participation

Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Access to employment opportunities • Awareness /information about employment opportunities• Changes in business employment practices

Social Capital• Self-esteem, aspirations

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27106662

Beaman (2013)

Economic assets• Business technology

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Innovation support

Entrepreneurial success• Business profit

Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture

27438534

Beaman (2015)

Changing business culture/practice • Business leadership & management• Public sector practices in employment and procurement

Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Job search assistance• Business advisory/mentoring

Gender sensitive design• Designing for restrictive social norms

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27449879

Beaman, (2014)

Macroeconomic changes• Public works programmes

Social organisation• Selfhelp groups

Changes in norms and attitudes• Mentoring/Role modelling

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Economic Empowerment• Women's well-being (not specified)

Employability/Business skills• Knowledge

Social Capital• Self-esteem, aspirations

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27106999

BEATH (2013)

Changing business culture/practice • Quota & reservation approaches• Public sector practices in employment and procurement

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Policy change• Policy formulation & adoption

Region• LIC• Asia

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27040670

Behrman (2011)

Cash transfers• Conditional

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Changing employment

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Mixed methods

Economic Sector• Unclear

27040648

Belwal (2012)

Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings

Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Firm size

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Access to economic assets• Individual savings

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Mixed methods

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27430281

Benavente, (2007)

Macroeconomic changes• Industrialisation policies• Investment policies (domestic & foreign)

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Value chain services & market access• Matching grants• Innovation support

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Business profit• Firm size

Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)• Difference-in-Difference (DID)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27569285

Benhassine (2013)

Cash transfers• Conditional

Behavioural nudges• Commitment devices• Framing & identity cues

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Region• LMIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27569282

Benhassine (2017)

Microfinance• Micro-savings

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Formalisation/certification of businesses

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27434856

Benus, (2001)

Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Region• UMIC• Europe

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27440093

BenYishay (2016)

Behavioural nudges• Micro-incentives

Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices

Social Capital• Sociol cohesion

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture

27056739

Berg (2014)

Macroeconomic changes• Public works programmes

Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27055615

Berge (2015)

Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Economic Empowerment• Women's well-being (not specified)

Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills• Change in business practices

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27434836

Berge, (2012)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Region• LMIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27440446

Berlinski (2007)

Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Provision of care facilities (child & elderly)

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27056202

Berlinski (2011)

Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Provision of care facilities (child & elderly)

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27438532

Bernard, (2014)

Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment

Behavioural nudges• Framing & identity cues

Participation in formal or informal employment• Under-employment

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Individual savings• Women's well-being (not specified)

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27434065

Besley, (2004)

Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies

Entrepreneurial success• Revenue

Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices

Access to employment opportunities • Changes in business employment practices

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Manufacturing

27055784

Bhattacharya (2014)

Social organisation• Selfhelp groups

Economic Empowerment• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27434857

Bidani, (2002)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Region• UMIC• Asia

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27055549

Binate (2015)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Access to economic assets

Region• LMIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27434066

Bird, (2003)

Increase women's financial returns• Salary/wage increases

Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27438508

Bjorvatn (2015)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Gender sensitive design• Designing for time & mobility• Designing for risk preference

Behavioural nudges• Micro-incentives

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Region• LMIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27418980

Blanco (2002)

Macroeconomic changes• Trade liberalisation / export orientated production

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27440228

Blattman (2011)

Cash transfers• Unconditional

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Women's well-being (not specified)

Social Capital• Networks

Cost-effectiveness• Data on cost reported

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27055781

Blattman (2014)

Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Firm size

Economic Empowerment• Access to economic assets• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Employability/Business skills• Skills

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Manufacturing• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27055477

Blattman (2016)

Cash transfers• Unconditional

Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Business advisory/mentoring

Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27438447

Blattman, (2011)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training• Literacy/numeracy skills training

Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Career guidance & counselling

Interventions to provide work experience • Job placements

Changes in norms and attitudes• Mentoring/Role modelling• Youth empowerment

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27434580

Blattman, (2013)

Cash transfers• Unconditional

Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Changing employment

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27432762

Blattman, (2013)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Cash transfers• Unconditional

Economic assets• Provision of capital in-kind

Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Business profit

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27432883

Blattman, (2014)

Cash transfers• Conditional

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Business advisory/mentoring• Career guidance & counselling

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Business advisory/mentoring

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Social Capital• Sociol cohesion

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27434034

Blattman, (2015)

Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings

Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional

Economic assets• Provision of capital in-kind

Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27622010

Blattmann (2016)

Cash transfers• Conditional

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Job search assistance

Participation in formal or informal employment• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Women's well-being (not specified)

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Manufacturing

27434045

Bloom, (2013)

Changing business culture/practice • Business leadership & management

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Business advisory/mentoring

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Business advisory/mentoring

Entrepreneurial success• Business profit

Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Wage labour• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27056723

Botha (2006)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills

Social Capital• Self-esteem, aspirations

Region• UMIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27056638

Botha (2007)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business profit• Revenue• Firm size

Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills

Region• UMIC• Africa• South Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27572898

Brody (2015)

Social organisation• Selfhelp groups

Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Women's well-being (not specified)• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Social Capital• Sociol cohesion• Self-esteem, aspirations

Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America

Study Design• Systematic Review

Economic Sector• Unclear

27440744

Brown, (1996)

27056186

Bruhn (2011)

Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Region• UMIC• Asia

Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27040388

Bruhn (2013)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training• Financial literacy training

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices

Region• UMIC• Europe

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27569281

Bruhn (2013)

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Formalisation/certification of businesses

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27444682

Bruhn, (2009)

Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings• Financial inclusion

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27430282

Bruhn, (2011)

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Formalisation/certification of businesses

Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels

Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27439301

Bruhn, (2012)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Career guidance & counselling

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Business advisory/mentoring

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Business profit• Revenue• Firm size

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27438600

Buehren (2015)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

29261344

Buehren (2016)

Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment

Gender sensitive design• Designing for restrictive social norms• Designing for risk preference

Behavioural nudges• Framing & identity cues

Economic Empowerment• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Social Capital• Self-esteem, aspirations

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27055501

Bulte (2016)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment

Employability/Business skills• Skills

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27108331

Burchfield (2002)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Literacy/numeracy skills training

Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills

Region• LIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27438535

Bureau (2013)

Microfinance• Micro-savings

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Individual savings

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Mixed methods

Economic Sector• Unclear

27570155

Burger, (2010)

Changing business culture/practice • Quota & reservation approaches• Anti-discrimination policies

Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Region• LMIC• Africa• South Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27570221

Bustamante, (2015)

Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Parental leave

Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Region• UMIC• Latin America• South Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27040341

Buvinic (2016)

Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Provision of care facilities (child & elderly)

Increase women's financial returns• Salary/wage increases

Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings• Micro-insurance• Financial inclusion

Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional

Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital• Provision of capital in-kind• Business technology

Changes to land titles, business ownership, inheritance• Property rights

Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training• Literacy/numeracy skills training• Soft skills training

Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Job search assistance

Interventions to provide work experience • Internships

Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment

Gender sensitive design• Designing for time & mobility• Designing for restrictive social norms

Behavioural nudges• Commitment devices

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business profit• Revenue• Firm size

Economic Empowerment• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices

Cost-effectiveness• Data on cost reported

Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America

Study Design• Systematic Review

Economic Sector• Wage labour• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27434049

Cai, (2016)

Changing business culture/practice • Business leadership & management

Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Business advisory/mentoring• Career guidance & counselling

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Business advisory/mentoring

Social organisation• Collaboratives & collectives

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Revenue

Access to employment opportunities • Awareness /information about employment opportunities• Participation in business-related associations

Social Capital• Networks

Region• UMIC• Asia

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27056515

Calderon (2013)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business profit• Revenue• Firm size

Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices

Access to employment opportunities • Participation in business-related associations

Employment enhancing behaviours• Active enquiry for business opportunities

Region• LMIC• Latin America

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27433798

Calero, (2014)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Soft skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

29279898

Canavire-Bacarreza (2013)

Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27433800

Card, (2011)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27440747

Carlos (2013)

Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Social security

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Interventions to provide work experience • Vouchers & subsidies (demand-side)• Vouchers & subsidies (supply-side)

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Investment in economic assets/productivity

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27056049

Carneiro (2015)

Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Social security

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Access to employment opportunities • Awareness /information about employment opportunities• Means to access opportunities

Employment enhancing behaviours• Active employment search

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27107799

Carr (2015)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Literacy/numeracy skills training

Economic Empowerment• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27431036

Castillo, (2010)

Macroeconomic changes• Trade liberalisation / export orientated production• Active labour market policies

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Value chain services & market access• Matching grants• Innovation support• Business advisory/mentoring

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Entrepreneurial success• Firm size

Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices

Employment enhancing behaviours• Active enquiry for business opportunities

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)

Economic Sector• Trade

27433841

Centro Microdato (2005)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Business advisory/mentoring• Career guidance & counselling

Interventions to provide work experience • Internships• Apprenticeship schemes• Job placements

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Business advisory/mentoring

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27057173

Cerda (2002)

Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Social security

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27572285

Chang,H (2017)

Changes to land titles, business ownership, inheritance• Property rights

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment

Region• UMIC• Asia

Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)

Economic Sector• Wage labour

27440026

Chen (2001)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

Item ID

Short Title

Intervention

Outcome

Region

Study Design

Economic Sector

27120846

Chiputwa (2016)

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Formalisation/certification of businesses

Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Control over household income/spending• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Instrumental Variables (IV)

Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture

27572255

Chitolina,L (2013)

Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Social security

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27055795

Cho (2014)

Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Business advisory/mentoring

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Innovation support

Gender sensitive design• Designing for time & mobility

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Firm size

Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending

Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Change in business practices

Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America

Study Design• Systematic Review

Economic Sector• Unclear

27433801

Cho, ()

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Gender sensitive design• Designing for time & mobility• Designing for restrictive social norms

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Economic Empowerment• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Women's well-being (not specified)

Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27434880

Chong (2008)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Changing employment

Employability/Business skills• Skills

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27434879

Chong, (2006)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27433802

Chong, (2006)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27431137

Chudnovsky, (2006)

Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Value chain services & market access• Matching grants• Innovation support

Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Business profit• Revenue

Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Instrumental Variables (IV)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27107090

Chun (2012)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Mixed methods

Economic Sector• Unclear

27572899

Cirera (2014)

Macroeconomic changes• Trade liberalisation / export orientated production• Local production systems

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Entrepreneurial success• Firm size

Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America

Study Design• Systematic Review

Economic Sector• Trade

27418981

Cling, (2005)

Macroeconomic changes• Trade liberalisation / export orientated production• Local production systems

Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Business profit• Revenue• Firm size

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Instrumental Variables (IV)

Economic Sector• Trade

27418982

Cling, (2007)

Macroeconomic changes• Trade liberalisation / export orientated production• Local production systems

Entrepreneurial success• Business profit• Revenue• Firm size

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Instrumental Variables (IV)

Economic Sector• Trade

27438424

Coady, (2001)

Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• UMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27570134

Cole, (2012)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Financial literacy training

Economic Empowerment• Individual savings

Employability/Business skills• Knowledge

Region• LMIC• Africa• South Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27434067

Comola, (2011)

Increase women's financial returns• Salary/wage alignments

Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27439849

Contreras (2016)

Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Provision of care facilities (child & elderly)

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27570217

Contreras, (2007)

Social organisation• Selfhelp groups • Collaboratives & collectives

Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment

Region• LMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27433568

Corseuil, (2011)

Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies

Interventions to provide work experience • Vouchers & subsidies (demand-side)

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Entrepreneurial success• Firm size

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27433804

Corseuil, (2014)

Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Interventions to provide work experience • Vouchers & subsidies (demand-side)

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27056982

Corsi (2013)

Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings• Micro-insurance

Economic Empowerment• Individual savings• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27440107

Crepon (2011)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Investment in economic assets/productivity

Region• LMIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27570141

Crépon, (2015)

Changes in norms and attitudes• Youth empowerment

Behavioural nudges• Framing & identity cues

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices

Region• LMIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27431438

Crespi, (2011)

Macroeconomic changes• Local production systems

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Matching grants• Innovation support

Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Business profit

Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices

Employment enhancing behaviours• Active enquiry for business opportunities

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Higher education/Science & Technology

27440748

Dadson (2012)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels

Region• LMIC• Africa

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

29279921

Daidone (2014)

Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27039836

Danzer (2013)

Interventions to balance work & family responsibilities• Social security

Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Region• LMIC• Asia• Europe

Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)• Instrumental Variables (IV)• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Wage labour

27056062

Das (2012)

Social organisation• Selfhelp groups

Economic Empowerment• Women's well-being (not specified)• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Mixed methods

Economic Sector• Unclear

27433807

Dasso, (2015)

Provision of infrastructure• Electricity & energy

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27056998

Datar (2009)

Cash transfers• Conditional

Changes to land titles, business ownership, inheritance• Land reform• Property rights

Entrepreneurial success• Revenue

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Access to economic assets

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)• Difference-in-Difference (DID)• Mixed methods

Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture

27039808

Datta (2015)

Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions

Social organisation• Selfhelp groups

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27056145

Davis (2012)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Revenue

Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices

Region• LIC• LMIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture

27056183

De (2011)

Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings

Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions

Social organisation• Selfhelp groups

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Individual savings• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27570152

de (2012)

Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Business profit• Revenue

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America

Study Design• Systematic Review

Economic Sector• Unclear

27433772

De (2013)

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Formalisation/certification of businesses

Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels

Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Change in business practices

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27057200

de Mel (2009)

Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital

Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Business profit• Revenue

Economic Empowerment• Investment in economic assets/productivity

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27056403

de Mel (2009)

Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital

Entrepreneurial success• Business profit

Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending

Region• LMIC

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27039748

de Mel (2012)

Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business profit

Region• LMIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27055814

de Mel (2014)

Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional

Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital

Interventions to provide education/skills• Business skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Changing employment

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Business profit• Revenue• Firm size

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27431618

De Negri (2006)

Macroeconomic changes• Active labour market policies

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Matching grants• Innovation support

Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Business profit• Firm size

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Higher education/Science & Technology

27570123

Dean (2014)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Business advisory/mentoring

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels• Business profit

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27056996

Deininger (2009)

Social organisation• Selfhelp groups

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Access to economic assets

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)• Difference-in-Difference (DID)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27107078

Deininger (2013)

Social organisation• Selfhelp groups

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Access to economic assets

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)• Difference-in-Difference (DID)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27440466

Deininger, (2009)

Changes to land titles, business ownership, inheritance• Land reform• Property rights

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Access to economic assets• Investment in economic assets/productivity

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Difference-in-Difference (DID)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27434582

Deininger, (2009)

Social organisation• Selfhelp groups

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Investment in economic assets/productivity

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Propensity Score Matching (PSM)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27039655

Desai (2014)

Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital

Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions

Interventions to provide education/skills• Soft skills training

Social organisation• Selfhelp groups

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)• Changing employment

Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Individual savings• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27039654

Desai (2014)

Economic assets• Business technology

Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Interventions to provide access to economic opportunities• Provision of economic information

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Value chain services & market access• Innovation support

Social organisation• Collaboratives & collectives

Participation in formal or informal employment• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Adoption of technology

Access to employment opportunities • Awareness /information about employment opportunities

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture

27444349

Desmond (2015)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Interventions to provide support to businesses and entrepreneurs• Business advisory/mentoring

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status

Region• LIC• Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27433806

Díaz, (2006)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Technical skills training• Business skills training

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27572902

Dickson (2009)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Cash transfers• Conditional• Unconditional

Economic assets• Provision of capital in-kind

Bundled services/combined structural interventions• Bundled services/combined structural interventions

Changes in norms and attitudes• Gender empowerment• Youth empowerment

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Women's well-being (not specified)• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LIC• LMIC• UMIC• Africa• Asia• Europe• Latin America

Study Design• Systematic Review

Economic Sector• Unclear

27055551

Dineen (2015)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Social organisation• Organised labour

Economic Empowerment• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27056195

Dinkelman (2011)

Provision of infrastructure• Roads, public transport, street lights• Electricity & energy

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment• Changing employment

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures

Social Capital• Sociol cohesion

Region• LMIC• Africa• South Africa

Study Design• Instrumental Variables (IV)

Economic Sector• Wage labour

27430274

Dinkelman, (2010)

Increase women's financial returns• Salary/wage alignments

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Nature of the employment (reward & security)

Employability/Business skills• Change in business practices

Region• LMIC• South Africa

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27438485

Diwan, (2014)

Behavioural nudges• Commitment devices• Framing & identity cues

Employment enhancing behaviours• Active enquiry for business opportunities

Region• LMIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27039567

Doi (2014)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Financial literacy training

Behavioural nudges• Framing & identity cues

Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Individual savings

Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Change in business practices

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• Quasi-experimental

Economic Sector• Unclear

27434842

Drexler, (2012)

Interventions to provide education/skills• Financial literacy training

Behavioural nudges• Framing & identity cues• Micro-incentives

Employability/Business skills• Knowledge• Skills• Change in business practices

Region• UMIC• Latin America

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Unclear

27440502

Duflo, (2008)

Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings

Economic assets• Business technology

Behavioural nudges• Commitment devices

Entrepreneurial success• Business income levels• Business profit• Revenue

Economic Empowerment• Control over household income/spending• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Employability/Business skills• Adoption of technology• Change in business practices

Region• LMIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Commercial agriculture

27438477

Duflo, (2013)

Microfinance• Micro-credit

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival • Business income levels

Economic Empowerment• Household income & any other poverty related measures• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Women's empowerment (not specified)

Region• LMIC• Asia

Study Design• RCT

Economic Sector• Micro- and small businesses (not self-employed)

27039496

Duncan (2010)

Increase women's financial returns• Tax incentives

Participation in formal or informal employment• Employment status• Under-employment• Changing employment

Access to employment opportunities • Means to access opportunities

Region• UMIC• Europe

Study Design• Instrumental Variables (IV)

Economic Sector• Unclear

27039488

Dupas (2013)

Microfinance• Micro-credit• Micro-savings• Financial inclusion

Economic assets• Access to formal loans & capital

Entrepreneurial success• Business creation/survival

Economic Empowerment• Access to economic assets• Investment in economic assets/productivity• Individual savings

Region• LMIC• Africa

Study Design• RCT