Download - Addressing the unemployment challenge through mobile ...Digital microwork is defined as “a form of paid crowdsourcing, that promotes the completion of small, and yet tedious (digital)

Addressingtheunemploymentchallengethroughmobiledigitalmicrowork

Informa(onSystemsDepartmentUniversityofCapeTown

PitsoTsibolane

“Pla:orms,livelihoods,andconsumerbenefits”Communica@onPolicyResearchSouth(CPRSouth)Conference2018Sep03rd–5th2018,

Maputo,Mozambique

©WikiMedia


ZaakirahRoomaneyInforma(onSystemsDepartmentUniversityofCapeTown

ProfJean-PaulvanBelle

Crow

dsou

rcingap

plica@

ons CrowdCrea@on

Collec@veIntelligence

CrowdVo@ng

CrowdFunding

Microwork/Micro-tasking

Crowdsourcingapplica@oncategories(Chiu,Liang,&Turban,2014)

MobileDigitalMicroworkinSouthAfricaDigital microwork is defined as “a form of paid crowdsourcing, that promotes the completion of small, and yet tedious (digital) tasks by workers located across different geographical areas for a reasonable wage” (Mtsweni & Burge III, 2014, p. 3).

Benefits of Microwork

Barriers-Infrastructural

•  Internet•  Electricity•  Technology•  Banking/Payments

-Skillsandeduca@on-Lackofawareness

Theproblem

Graham,M.,Lehdonvirta,V.,Wood,A.,Barnard,H.,Hjorth,I.,Simon,D.P.(2017).TheRisksandRewardsofOnlineGigWorkAtTheGlobalMargins.Oxford:OxfordInternetIns(tute.hOps://www.oii.ox.ac.uk/publica(ons/gigwork.pdf

JobInsecurity

Discrimina@on

Isola@on

Exploita@on

OpacityIntermedia@on

•  There exists a dearth of knowledge regarding the experiences, attitudes, challenges and barriers faced at an individual level by mobile digital microworkers.

•  Need to explore how these

factors influence the potential and actual participation in mobile digital microwork.

ResearchObjec@ves•  PrimaryObjec@ve:Inves(gatethea"tudes,experiencesandbarriersthatrelatetomobiledigitalmicrowork.

•  ResearchFocus:Perspec(vesofexis(ngandpoten(almobiledigitalmicroworkers

•  ResearchMo@va@on:Dearthofempiricaldataregardingmobilemicroworkinpar(cularfromtheperspec(veofSouthAfricanmobiledigitalmicroworkers

Whatarethemo@va@onalfactorsofdigitalmicrowork

inSouthAfrica?

Exploratory,Explanatory&Descrip@ve.

ResearchApproach•  DataCollec@on

–  AnonlinesurveydevelopedusingQualtrics.–  Recruitmentonsocialmedia-Facebook–  Currentmicroworkersandthoseintendingtobemicroworkers–  Closedandopenendedques(ons

•  Instrument–  4parts:a)Demographicfocus,b)Intrinsic,c)ExtrinsicMo(vators&d)Barriers

•  Responses–  Therewereatotalof148responsesofwhich125werevalidresponses.

•  Analysis–  Distribu(onanalysis,factoranalysis,Reliabilitytes(ng,mul(pleregression–  5-pointLickertscale

Self-Determina@onTheory(SDT)model

•  Self-Determina(onTheory(SDT),atheoryofworkmo(va(on(Gagne&Deci,2005).

•  SDTisuniqueinitsfocusonthe“rela(vestrengthofautonomous(intrinsic)versuscontrolled(extrinsic)mo(va(on,ratherthanonthetotalamountofmo(va(on”

AdaptedSDTforMicrowork

Results:Demographics

Seekers

Workers

Results:Micro-taskPreferences

Results:Percep@onsofMicrowork

Results:Mo@vatorsformicrowork

MainResearchFindings•  H1:ExtrinsicMo@va@ons:FinancialRewardsleadtoPar<cipa<on

–  Financialrewardsareposi(velyassociatedwithaworkermo(va(ontopar(cipateinmobilemicrowork.H1ismostlysupported

•  H2:IntrinsicMo@va@ons:EnjoymentneedsleadtoPar<cipa<on– Majorityofitemsindicateaposi(verela(onship.H2ismostlysupported

•  H3:Employment:EmploymentStatusleadstoPar<cipa<on–  Thereisasta(s(callysignificantcorrela(onbetweenemploymentstatuswithpar(cipa(oninmobilemicrowork.H3issupported

•  H4:Awareness:VisibilityleadstoAwarenesswhichleadstoPar<cipa<on–  Thereisnosta(s(callysignificantcorrela(onbetweenvisibilityofmicroworkopportuni(esandactualpar(cipa(oninmobilemicroworkinoursample.

–  H4isnotsupported

Recommenda@ons•  Skillsdevelopmentini(a(vesthataretargetedatthetypeofjobstypically

offeredonmicroworkandotherdigitallaborplaeormsarerequired.•  Governmentandprivatesectorinterven(onregarding:

–  Thecostofinternetaccess(data),–  Thedevelopmentofphysicalandtelecommunica@onsinfrastructureformicroworkandother

digitalpla:ormwork

•  Thereisaneedforawarenessini(a(vestopromoteallthevariousdigitallabortypesandmicroworkopportuni(esavailableoutsideofthecurrentonlineportals.

•  Thereisaneedformicroworkpoliciesandregula(onstogovernaspectssuchas:–  Fairremunera@on–  Fairworkprinciplesandinterna@onaltaxa@on

Addressingtheunemploymentchallengethroughmobiledigitalmicrowork


PitsoTsibolane

“Pla:orms,livelihoods,andconsumerbenefits”Communica@onPolicyResearchSouth(CPRSouth)Conference2018Sep03rd–5th2018,

Maputo,Mozambique

©WikiMedia


ZaakirahRoomaneyInforma(onSystemsDepartmentUniversityofCapeTown

ProfJean-PaulvanBelle

Thanksforlistening

Download - Addressing the unemployment challenge through mobile ...Digital microwork is defined as “a form of paid crowdsourcing, that promotes the completion of small, and yet tedious (digital)

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