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ANTHROPOLOGY CULTUREJOHNY KOYNJA, SH., MH
Ph.D Candidate, Utrecht UniversityFaculty of Law, Economics and Governance
Institute of Constitutional and Administrative Law
E-mail :[email protected]
Mobile: (+62) 81. 907 558 735
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CAPITAL LITERATURE
1. Introduction Anthropology (Koentjaraningrat
frequently had done researches)
2. History Anthropology theory I & II(Koentjaraningrat frequently had done
researches)
3. And figures of Anthropology (Adam Kuper)4. Handbook of Social and Cultural
Anthropology (John Honigmann)
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5. Anthropology I & II (William. Haviland)6. Encyclopedia of Social Sciences I & II (Adam Kuper & Jessica
Kuper)7. The Dictionary terms Anthropology (Koentjaraningrat frequently
had done researches, et al)8. Introduction Scientific philosophy (Beerling, Kwee, Mooij, Van
Peursen)
9. Social theory Critical (Ben Agger)
10. Capitalism and Social theory Modern ( Anthony Giddens)11. Introduction Anthropology economy (Safri Sairin, Pujo
Meditation, Bambang Hudayana)
12. Cultural and Environmental (Day Purwanto)
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13. The Basic inter-cultural
Communication (Alo Liliweri)14. Potpourri Law As Anthropology (TO
Ihromi)
15. The method Ethnography (James P.Spradley)
16. Critical Ethnography : Method,
Ethics, and Performance ( D. Soyini
Maddison)
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Anthropology,
Etymologically comes
from the word Antropos,
which means man and
the logos which meansknowledge.
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So, ANTHROPOLOGY is
knowledge that learn about
human beings, which is the
growing & development,
also studied hailsandsystem society
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ANTHROPOLOGYtried toseek answers who and
what is human?even though it is not a
limited can be defined
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The phase I (before 1800) :
Since the late 15th centuryand the beginning 16th
century, West Europeindigenous peoples to come
to Africa, Asia and theUnited States .
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They are by scientific materials
From a description of customs,the fabric of the society,
language and the physical traitsof various colors of the nation
that was known as the termethnography.
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At that time the eyes of the Eropa
comes to the nations in foreignEurope, namely:
1. Some Europeans think that
these nations, is not a man in fact,
that they are wild man, an instance
Satan. Thus there arose a termssuch as savages, primitive.
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2. Some people think that
Europecommunity of nationsand it is the people who are an
example of the people are stillpure, which has not yet been
entry evil and ugliness as theyare in West Europe community
nations that time.
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3. Some people
Europecustoms
interested in a
strange, and
began collecting
cultural objects
from the people.
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The phase II (Middle of the 19th
century papers) comes toarrange that ethnographyis
based on how to think
evolution of societyso that
there were classification of the
colors culture in the world in
high-level certain evolution
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So there arose a Anthropology
as knowledge that akademikalis studying the community and
cultural primitive to get a better
understanding of high-level in
ancient history evolution and
history to disseminate humancultural
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Phase III (Start the
20
th
century) : Somenations countries in
Europe succeeded in
achieving stability
power in the area
outside Europe
(colonialism)
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ANTHROPOLOGY to knowledge
a practical and the purpose is tolearn the community and
cultural tribes of the nation in
Europe to colonial government
interests and to get a better
understanding of the present a
complex
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The phase IV (After
1930):
Appearance antipathyto World War II after
colonialism
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The purpose learned
ANTHROPOLOGY in the secondphase IV
1. The purpose academical, toachieve the understanding of
human Beings in general to learn
various colors physical form,
society and culture .
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2.The practical,to learnabout human beings in
various colors communityof the peoples to build
community of the nation.
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2. A Graduate is well-
known in the initial phaseII, which is KLEIN MORGEN,
began collecting records &the writing of mariners,
merchants, journey,comfort, etc.
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3. In the second phase
III Anthropology
considered to have arole that is important,
so many used tocolonial interests.
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4. ANTHROPOLOGY, wide and
rapidly, in addition to the 2
changes in the world, namely:
a. The incidence antipathytoward the house of colonial.
b. The loss the areas thatremote areas.
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ISSUES
ANTHROPOLOGY
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In these universities in the
United States, whereanthropology has reached a
development that most
extensive, the scope and field
boundaries attention, causing a
problem at least 5 specialresearch, which are:
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1. History the origin and the
development of man (or itsevolution) biologically.
2. The history of the occurrenceof human Beings of the colors, is
seen from the perspective of the
characteristics of his body.
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3. The original history,
development, and the spread ofthe colors language spoken by
people all over the world.
4.About the development, the
spread of the colors, and the
development of human culturalaround the world
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5.The principles issues
for human cultural from
the life of society from all
the nations that are
spread all over the earththe present
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In essence,
ANTHROPOLOGY consistsof 2 major parts: 1
. PHYSICALAnthropology
2. Anthropology
CULTURE
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PHYSICALin the sense that
as wide as possible, theyare investigating the origin
of man, the developmentorganic evolution, body
structure & groups ofpeople person mentioned
RACE
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PHYSICAL Anthropology is divided
into branches of :a. PALEO-ANTHROPOLOGY
examine the question the origin
of evolution of living things &
examining the remains of stone
that has / fosil2 man from ancientearth layers that are stored in.
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b. HUMAN EVOLUTION :
the knowledge that studiedthe process of the
development of the type-type man, started from
these creatures is not ahuman being.
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CHARLES DARWIN
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CHARLES DARWIN
had been thinking
about evolutionideas; that all species
related to each other
and have a " commonancestor" (being
derived from a line of
descent) and throughmutation species
have emerged .
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In the 20thcentury, the theory of
evolution has refuted ,not molecularbiology by science only, but also by
PALEONTOLOGISTS, namely
knowledge about fossils.There is no fossil remains in support
of evolution that has never been
found in the excavations made in every
corner of the world
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Even though the evolutionists are
notsucceeded in finding scientific
evidence to support their theory,
they were very successful in one
thing: propaganda. Mostimportant elements of this
propaganda was images of thefalse andform imitation, known
as "the reconstruction".
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Darwin put forward his claim
that human beings and apes
descended from a common
ancestor inhis book The
Descent of Man, whichwaspublished in 1971
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Mechanism of natural selection formula
Darwin could notbe able to push theevolution.
So, Darwin's theory of evolution that hascollapsed since the beginning in the 20th
centuryby the discovery genetic science.
All other efforts from the supporters
evolution in the 20th century always failed
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c. ANTHROPOMETRY,which is a study of the
measurementtechniques human
body.
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d. SOMATOLOGI, which is
a study of varieties man
who are still alive, amongothers: skin color, the eye,
hair facial features, nose, theindex skull, & the blood.
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Java Manis a formPithecanthropus
erectus.
Their techniques
that finds
PithecanthropusErectus
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E. ANTHROPOLOGY RACIAL,ascience study about
grouping people in thesegroups race, history human
race, and things aboutmixing races.
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2. ANTHROPOLOGY CULTURE
:part of Anthropology thatstudy the & human
development, covering :- cultural shapes,
- various different languages,
and
- human society aspect.
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ANTHROPOLOGY CULTUREare divided into branches of :
a. PREHISTORI(Pre-
Historical), astudy of thehistory of the development &
deployment cultures manonearth
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In the men are
not familiarwith the
writing, forexample :
artifacts /these fossils.
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b. ETHNOLINGUISTICS
, whois studying human cultural
(community) and gatheredfrom as many of the nation
that spread from theutterances and vocabulary.
c
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c.
ETHNOLOGY,
which is to
learn abouthuman
cultural on theface of the
earth
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