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Ch 6, Sec 3: The War Moves West and South
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Native Americans Fight In The War• Sided with British-seen as less of a threat than
the colonists• Fought on the Western edges of the colonies• Joseph Brant-Mohawk chief led raids in NY/PA• Henry Hamilton-fort leader in Detroit who
paid natives for the scalps of colonists
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Who was George Rogers Clark?
• Lt. Colonel in the Virginia militia• Tasked with stopping native attacks on the
western boundaries• Attacked and captured British forts/towns in
Kaskaskia (IL) and Vincennes (IN)• Strengthened colonists power in the West
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Glory at Sea• British navy shut down American waterways• British navy blockaded ports, rivers, and cities
along the coast• Supplies could not come in and ships could
not get out
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American Navy-privateers• Americans did not have a navy• Some colonies had private boats for war• Continental Congress ordered 13 warships to
be built-only 2 actually sailed in the war• Privateers-privately owned merchant ships
equipped with weapons and allowed to attack/keep the profits off British Ships
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John Paul Jones
• American naval officer• Sailed to and raided British ports• Was in a major sea battle between his ship,
Bonhomme Richard, and the British ship, Serapis
• Bonhomme Richard won• John Paul Jones’ quote “I have not yet begun
to fight” became famous
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British strategy in the South
• Realized getting the colonies back under British control would be hard
• Wanted to attack the South• Use the loyalists in Georgia/Carolinas to help• Worked at first
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Britain in the South
• Took over Savannah, GA and most of the state• May 1780-attacked/took over Charles Town,
SC– Worst defeat to the Americans
• August 1780-Camden, SC Gen. Cornwallis (Britain) vs. Gen. Gates (Americans)-Gates won and pushed the British out of SC
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Guerrilla Warfare
• Uncommon military fighting style• Hit-and-run style of warfare• Britain was attacked by colonists• Francis Marion- known as the Swamp Fox in
SC who fought the British with guerrilla warfare
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Help from Spain• Spanish Governor of Louisiana • Allowed colonists to trade in New Orleans• Loaned colonists money, guns, and ammo• Spain declared war on Britain in 1779• Got France, Cuba, and Mexico to help the colonists
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Patriots start to win in 1780
• Pushed British out of Camden, SC• British troops/loyalists were attacked and
forced to leave Kings Mountain• Southerner loyalists started switching to
become patriots-wanted the war to end so their farms/homes would stop being destroyed
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British Defeated In The South• Colonists grew stronger in the South• Pushed Britain out of both Carolinas• Gen. Cornwallis left for Virginia and set up a
base at Yorktown, VA• Stage is set for the end of the British army in
the South