Chemical Hazards in the
Textile and Garment Industry
Practical Solutions for avoiding injuries and
occupational diseases
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Introduction
How dangerous substances effect the human bodies
Routes of exposure and the hierarchy of safety measures
Examples of “unacceptable” and “acceptable” situations
Fig. 1 by F. Kraugmann
Hazards caused by dangerous substances
Chemical burn of hands
� Pouring the rest liquid formic acid into
a full container
� A heavy chemical reaction happened
� Worker burned his hands and arms
badly
� Did not wear gloves but safety goggles
� Accidently the worker took a wrong
container full of chlorine bleach
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Fig. 2 by BG ETEM
Fig. 3 by BG ETEM
Ingestion
powder, liquids
Cutaneous absorption
gases, liquids
Inhalation
gases, vapours, dust,
aerosols
Hazards caused by dangerous substances
Routes of exposure
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Fig. 4 by Napo [3]
Fig. 5 by Napo [3]
Fig. 7 by Napo [3]Fig. 6 by F. Kraugmann
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Examples of hazardous substances in the Textile Industry
Principles
Fig. 8 by IVSS [1] Fig. 9 by F. Kraugmann
Principles
Hierarchy and principles of protective measures
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Fig. 10 by IVSS [1]
Fig. 11 by IVSS [1]
Principles
Operating instructions
� Designation of the hazardous
substance
� Hazards to human beings and to the
� Environment
� Information on protective measures and
rules of behaviour
� Behaviour in case of danger
� First aid
� Correct disposal
14.02.2017Chemical Hazards, Dipl.-Ing. Florian Kraugmann Seite 7
Fig. 12 by BG ETEM]
14.02.2017Chemical Hazards, Dipl.-Ing. Florian Kraugmann Seite 8
Examples for “unacceptable” and “acceptable” conditions
Fig. 13 by F. Kraugmann
Fig. 14 by F. Kraugmann
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Examples for “unacceptable” and “acceptable” conditions
Fig. 15 by F. Kraugmann Fig. 16 by F. Kraugmann
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Examples for “unacceptable” and “acceptable” conditions
Fig. 17 by F. Kraugmann Fig. 18 by BG ETEM
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Examples for “unacceptable” and “acceptable” conditions
Fig. 19 by IVSS [1]
Fig. 20 by IVSS [1]
Fig. 21 by IVSS [1]
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Examples for “unacceptable” and “acceptable” conditions
Fig. 22 by F. Kraugmann Fig. 23 by BG ETEM
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Examples for “unacceptable” and “acceptable” conditions
Fig. 24 by F. Kraugmann
Fig. 25 by F. Kraugmann
Fig. 26 by F. Kraugmann
14.02.2017Chemical Hazards, Dipl.-Ing. Florian Kraugmann Seite 14
Examples for “unacceptable” and “acceptable” conditions
Fig. 27 by F. Kraugmann
Fig. 28 by F. Kraugmann
Summary
Basic principles for safe use of dangerous substances:
1. Elimination or reduction of danger by using non hazardous
substances
2. Isolation of danger by the selection of a low emission working
process
3. Extraction of the released hazardous substances at the
occurrence or leak source
4. Local exhaust ventilation measures in addition to extraction at
the source of generation
5. Personal Protective equipment.
14.02.2017Chemical Hazards, Dipl.-Ing. Florian Kraugmann Seite 15
14.02.2017Chemical Hazards, Dipl.-Ing. Florian Kraugmann Seite 16
Further information
www.bgetem.de
www.gestis.trust.de
www.baua.de
www.hse.uk
www.napo.org
List of references
Chemical Hazards, Dipl.-Ing. Florian Kraugmann 14.02.2017 Seite 17
list of references:
[1] 3 Chemical hazards - Guide of Risk Assessment in Small and Medium
Enterprises (issa), Austria 2012
[2] Training data and information (BG ETEM)
[3] Pictures, Napo is co-produced by a European Consortium: