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Clean Energy and the Grid: Impacts on the SunShot
Challenge
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U.S. Energy Consumption: 94.8 Quads
Fossil Fuels 83%
Nuclear 9% Conventional Hydro
3%
Renewables * 5%
Source: EIA Annual Energy Review: 2009 (August, 2010)
*Renewables include geothermal, wind, solar, and biomass
U.S. Energy Production: 73.6 Quadrillion Btu
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The Oil Conundrum
2010 U. S. Crude Oil Trade Balance:
Imports – Exports = $252.06 Billion – $1.32 Billion = 50.4% of the 2010 U. S. Trade Deficit
Data Sources:
U. S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, U. S. International Trade in Goods and Services Reports & DOE (EIA)
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Deepest Recession Since Great Depression
92%
94%
96%
98%
100%
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48
Payr
oll e
mpl
oym
ent
as p
erce
nt o
f pea
k
Months from start of recession
Solid Line: Recession
Dotted Line: Recovery
Source: Ed DeSeve, Special Advisor to the President, Urban Land Institute Presentation, 2010
Recent Recession
2001 Recession
1981 Recession
1990 Recession
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Energy
Environment
Economy Security
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“We’re telling America’s scientists and engineers that if they assemble teams of the best minds in their fields, and focus on the hardest problems in clean energy, we’ll fund the Apollo projects of our time.”
- President Obama 2011 State of the Union
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SunShot: The Apollo Mission of our time
75% cost reduction by the end of the decade
Solar = cost-competitive with fossil fuels
without subsidy
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WV
MD
NJ
CT
RI
MA
FL FL
VT VT NH NH
2030 Utility Scale PV with SunShot 2030 Utility Scale PV Base Case
OR
ID
NV
MT ND
SD
NE
WY
UT
NM AR
MS
AZ SC
OK
KS
ME
DE
WA
CA CO
TX
MO
IL
IA
MN
WI MI
OH
KY
TN
AL GA
VA
NY
PA
LA
NC
IN
Installed PV (GW)
< 0.1
0.1 - 1
1 - 5
5 - 10
10 - 20
20 - 30
> 30
OR
ID
NV
MT ND
SD
NE
WY
UT
NM AR
MS
AZ SC
OK
KS
ME
WV
WA
CA CO
TX
MO
IL
IA
MN
WI MI
OH
KY
TN
AL GA
VA
NY
PA
LA
MD
NC
IN
CT
RI
NJ
MA
DE
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Systems Integration
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SunShot portfolio – current & upcoming
Basic Energy Sciences
Transformational Next Generation
Foundational Program to Advance Cell Efficiency (F-PACE)
SunShot Fellowships
PV Incubator
Supply Chain
Balance of Systems-Hardware
PV Manufacturing Initiative
Power Electronics
SEGIS
CSP Components and Storage
Solar Demonstration Zone
High Penetration
$1/W Systems
SUNPATH
Solar America Cities
Codes and Standards
Workforce Development
State/Utility Engagement
Large-scale Deployment
1 9 TRL (Technology Readiness Level)
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Utility Workforce storm 2009 Findings • 45% of engineers at electric
utilities and 40% of Power engineering faculty eligible to retire within 5 years.
• Creates a need for 15,000-20,000 engineers and ~80 faculty
CEWD (Center for Energy Workforce Development) : Creates data collection Infrastructure, coordinates vocational training, curriculum development at Community Colleges DOE Office of Electricity: ARRA funds for SmartGrid, Vocational Training, Curriculum Development IEEE-PES (Power Engineering Society): Scholarships and Internships for Undergrads ONR-NSF: Curriculum Development, funding for university programs
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The focus: Reduce Costs & Scale Up
+ Create an Innovation
Ecosystem by investing not just in Technology, but also
in People
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Utilities are facing a number of challenges
Utility Shrinking workforce
due to Retirements
Renewable Portfolio
Standards
Energy Efficiency Mandates
New Environmental
Regulations and Compliance
Implementing Grid Security,
Communication & IT, SmartGrid
Volatile Commodity
Prices
Education and Workforce
Development
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The Utility Innovation challenge
Student Interest
Prepared Students
Disparate Programs
Ready for Workforce
Industry Needs
X
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Stakeholder Needs and Outcomes
Utility Needs • Skilled Workforce • Analysis Tools • Ability to Adapt and Innovate
University Needs • Clear Curriculum Expectations from Industry • Relevant Research Areas • Faculty and Junior Researchers
Student Needs • Education • Experience • Career Pathways
Sustainable Academic Program
Employment Opportunities
Successful and Profitable Business
Research Program Enhancem
ent
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Grid Engineers for Accelerated Renewable Energy Deployment : GEARED
University Research, Curriculum and Coordination • Research Programs that train ~ 15-20 Advanced Degree
Students/year • Industry Relevant Research and Curriculum • Interdisciplinary and/or Multi-University Consortia
Utility Participation and Funding • Supply Input & Data • Provide Internships • Pilot technology & software • Matching Funds
Student Networks of STEM professionals • Innovative Researchers • Peer Mentoring • Communicating Best Practices • Leadership for 21st Century
economy & Grid
Other Support • State Workforce and Economic
Development • Regulatory Buy-In
DOE Support • $1-2M/Year awarded to 3-5
Programs • ~5 years funding duration • Supports New Faculty, helps
existing Faculty Transition
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Building a Peer Network
• Mandatory, annual, student-centered conferences establish a network of STEM professionals
• Poster sessions and panel discussions create an exhibition and a forum for sharing state-of-the-art technology developments and best practices
• Connects top-notch students in power engineering with utilities and other employers. This provides an opportunity for the industry to connect to and “scout” top talent.
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Will America be a leader in a clean energy Future?
• These University-based research and workforce development programs must demonstrate their value to Utilities, Industry and Regulators to develop a sustainable education ecosystem
• Train a generation of students that will become the future faculty, utility leaders and manufacturing innovators
• Create a grid that is clean , flexible, adaptable, and secure
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Limitless Potential
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Thank You
Dr. Elaine Ulrich Solar Energy Technologies Program
Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy