Download - Climate Panel- CCW conference
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Federal Climate Change Legislation
Safeguarding Ecosystems
For People and Wildlife John Kostyack
Executive Director, Wildlife Conservation and Global Warming
January 11, 2010
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Photo: Larry Master
Arctic summer sea ice, Sept. 2007. Source: NASA
Global Warming is Disrupting Aquatic Ecosystems ... in Polar
Regions
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Mountain Pine Beetle Damage, ColoradoPhoto: Allen L. ThorntonOld Growth Tree Mortality
van Mantgem et al. (2009)
... and in Temperate Zones
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A Problem of Too Little Water...
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Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge
... and Too Much Water
Hurricane Katrina
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Each Species Thrives in a Climate “Envelope” –What do Do When the Envelope Shifts?
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Some Wildlife Species Can Move to More Favorable ClimatesHow to Manage Disassembly and
Reassembly of Ecological Communities? How to Manage the “New” Natives?
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Some Species Cannot Shift - Due to Immobility or Barriers to Movement
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How Climate Change Legislation Will Help Conserve the Chesapeake Bay and Other
At-Risk Natural Resources• Mitigation: Cap mandates annual pollution reductions; more reductions by providing “allowance value” and “offsets” ($) toward Forests & Agriculture •Adaptation: Allowance value and policy measures to safeguard people and ecosystems from the impacts of global warming
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Two Major Steps Toward the Finish Line
• America’s Clean Energy and Security Act (HR 2454): Cap reduces GHGs by 17% by 2020; $1.7B/ Yr for Natural Resources Adaptation; $1.5B for “General” Adaptation; $ for Forest & Ag Carbon
• Clean Energy Jobs & American Power Act (S 1733):20% GHG reduction by 2020; $1.4B/ Yr for Natural Resources Adaptation; $.8B for “General” Adaptation; $ for Forest & Ag Carbon
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Natural Resources Natural Resources Adaptation Funding Will Adaptation Funding Will Transform ConservationTransform Conservation
Eligibility for Large-Scale Funding Dependent Upon: #1: Helping Species, Habitats, Ecosystems, Ecological Processes Survive Climate Change & Ocean Acidification
#2: Consistent with Federal Agency or State Natural Resources Adaptation Plans
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Funding and Planning Responsibilities Will Be
Broadly Distributed • DOI (wildlife/land/water):DOI (wildlife/land/water): 17%17%• DOI (cooperative grants):DOI (cooperative grants): 5% 5%• DOI (LWCF – federal):DOI (LWCF – federal):
4%4%• DOI (LWCF – state/tribal):DOI (LWCF – state/tribal): 2% 2%• USFS (forests, grasslands): USFS (forests, grasslands):
5 %5 %• USFS (LWCF – federal):USFS (LWCF – federal):
4%4%• USFS (LWCF – state/tribal):USFS (LWCF – state/tribal):
2% 2% • EPA (aEPA (aquatic ecosystems)::
7.5%7.5%• Corps (aCorps (aquatic ecosystems): :
5% 5%• NOAA (cNOAA (coastal/estuarine/marine)::
7%7%• State Fish and Wildlife AgenciesState Fish and Wildlife Agencies
32.5% 32.5%• State Coastal AgenciesState Coastal Agencies
6%6%• Tribes (through DOI): Tribes (through DOI):
3%3%
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Progress in Moving From House to Senate
• Key Improvements in S 1733: –All NR Adaptation Funds Not Dependent on Future Appropriators–Stronger Definition of NR Adaptation –“General” Adaptation Funding More Likely to Provide Co-Benefits to Ecosystems
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General Adaptation Provisions Common to Both House and
Senate Bills• Focused on “Resiliency”
for Built Environment, Human Communities
• States Eligible for Dedicated Funds Upon Approval of Adaptation Plans
• Plans Must Specify Projects and Programs – Must Avoid Environmental Degradation to “Maximum Extent Practicable”
• Federal Role is Primarily Research
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Key New Features in S. 1733
• Water System Partnerships – funds to address threats to water quantity, quality and reliability
• Flood Control Program – funds for addressing climate-related destruction from flooding
• Coastal and Great Lakes Program- funds for states to address climate impacts in coastal watersheds
• Eligible uses of funds - natural barriers, watersheds, etc. will compete with hard infrastructure
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Forest & Ag Carbon Programs: Even More Conservation Funding • HR 2454 Provides A Share of
Allowance Value, as Well as Opportunities to Sell Offsets, to US Forests and Farms That Store Carbon
• S 1733 Leaves Most Details to Ag Committee –Politics in Senate Favor Even Greater Funding
• Annual Amounts Could Easily Exceed $2B
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An Historic Moment • Unprecedented
opportunity to combat global warming and secure large-scale funding for conservation
• $5B/yr potentially available for Chesapeake Bay & other US ecosystems
• Adaptation and carbon storage programs, with guaranteed large-scale funding, could drive much of future conservation work