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Kristaps Dambis | Drive eO
Conference Advanced Power Electronics in the Baltica Sea Region
Sonderborg | 25.01.2019.
Comparison of IGBT and SiC power electronics in inverters
for electric vehicle three phase electric traction motor
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OSCar eO (2012)
the first electric car to finish Dakar rally
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eO PP03 (2015)
the first electric car to win Pikes Peak Hill Climb
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Electric Fox (2016)
the fastest electric dragster in Europe – ¼ mile in 7.6 sec
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Prototype EV development
• computer aided design and simulation
• electric motor and controller integration
• bespoke lithium ion battery packs
• high voltage and low voltage wiring looms
• thermal management solutions
• charging infrastructure
• dynamometer and road testing
• machining, fabrication, composite shops
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Generic electric drive system
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Motor drive inverter / controller
High power density
• operational voltage 500 – 800 VDC
• output current nominal 240 / peak 450 ARMS
• mass 11 kg, volume 8 litres
Versatile integration options
• 2× CAN interface
• multi-motor axle support
• numerous and adaptable signal I/O
• single power supply
Rugged hardware
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Motor drive inverter / controller
(1) power module (2) cold plate (3) gate driver PCB
(4) μ-controller PCB (5) DC capacitor (6) current sensors
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Pilot demonstrator
Demonstrate advantages of wide bandgap power electronics by integrating
a SiC power module and comparing the efficiency and output parameters
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Power module
Si diodes
production IGBT module
SiC Schottky diodes
experimental sample
vs.
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Dynamometric motor test bench
• electromagnetic brake load
• permanent magnet synchronous electric
machine YASA-400 (power output nominal
80 kW / peak 160 kW at 700 VDC)
• DC power supply
• test inverter
• liquid cooling system
• power meter HIOKI-3194
• Tektronix MSO3000 series oscilloscope
• analogue signal converter L-Card E-502
• data logging software PowerGraph
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Test conditions
• motor angular speed 2000 RPM
• inverter input voltage 660 Vdc
• inverter output current 200 Arms
• mechanical power 40 kW
• module and winding dT/dt = 0
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Results
Switching
f [kHz]
Module
temp [C]
Efficiency [%]
1-2 2-3 1-3
Si power module 10 48 92.2 88.5 81.7
SiC power module
10 44 95.6 88.4 84.6
15 44 95.0 88.8 84.4
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Results
Double pulse test: power module switching time and energy dissipation;
SiC diode module exhibit virtually no reverse recovery → higher efficiency
(and switching frequency, if required)
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Application
Higher system efficiency allows downsizing
the battery pack and inverter heat exchanger
→ lower vehicle mass and aerodynamic resistance
= better outright performance
Inverter heat
exchanger
Battery pack
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Application
Motor heat
exchanger
Inverter heat
exchanger
Rear axle
inverters
Rear axle
motors
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Application
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