S P E C I A L S E R V I C E F O R G R O U P S , I N C .P R E S E N T E R S
T R A N G H O A N G , L C S W , P H DK A R E N C H E N G L I M , P S Y D
S H E I L A W U , P H D
O C T O B E R 2 3 , 2 0 1 8
Culturallly Competent Services for Asian American & Pacific Islanders
T R A N G H O A N G , L C S W , P H . D .D I R E C T O R
S S G / A L L I A N C E
Engagement Strategies with AAPI Children & Families
1 ) P r o v i d e d e m o g r a p h i c s f o r l o c a l A A P I c o m m u n i t i e s i n c l u d i n g b a r r i e r s t o s e r v i c e a c c e s s a n d u t i l i z a t i o n .
2 ) H i g h l i g h t d e m o n s t r a t e d m o d e l s o f e n g a g e m e n t , p r e v e n t i o n , e a r l y i n t e r v e n t i o n a n d c r i s i s r e s p o n s e f o r a d u l t a n d o l d e r a d u l t s
3 ) H i g h l i g h t s t r a t e g i e s o f e n g a g e m e n t a n d i n t e r v e n t i o n w i t h c h i l d r e n a n d f a m i l i e s i n t h e d i v e r s e A A P I c o m m u n i t i e s
4 ) H i g h l i g h t w e l l n e s s p r a c t i c e a n d s t r a t e g i e s f o r m o b i l i z a t i o n a n d e m p o w e r m e n t f o r w e l l n e s s i n t h e A A P I c o m m u n i t i e s
5 ) D i s c u s s I m p l e m e n t a t i o n o f C o m m u n i t y D e f i n e d P r a c t i c e f o r A A P I - C a r i n g f o r O u r F a m i l y
6 ) D i s c u s s i o n : l e s s o n s l e a r n e d a n d i m p l i c a t i o n s f o r r i v e r s i d e c o u n t y
Objectives
•T h e r e a r e 1 9 . 6 m i l l i o n s A P I s i n t h e U S
• T h e r e a r e 6 . 1 m i l l i o n s A P I s i n C a l i f o r n i a
•T h e r e a r e 2 . 1 3 m i l l i o n s A P I s i n L o s A n g e l e s , C A
•S i n c e 2 0 0 0 - 2 0 1 0 , A P I c o m m u n i t i e s h a v e b e e n i n c r e a s i n g a t 4 6 % g r o w t h r a t e
S o u r c e : U . S . C e n s u s B u r e a u , 2 0 1 0
AAPI in the US
F I L I P I N O
C H I N E S E
V I E T N A M E S E
K O R E A N
A S I A N I N D I A N
P A C I F I C I S L A N D E R
O T H E R
“ O T H E R ” I N C L U D E S E T H N I C G R O U P S N U M B E R I N G L E S S T H A N 1 0 , 0 0 0 E A C HB A N G L A D E S H I , B H U T A N E S E , B U R M E S E , C A M B O D I A N , H M O N G , I N D O N E S I A N , J A P A N E S E , L A O T I A N ,
M A L A Y S I A N , N E P A L E S E , P A K I S T A N I , S R I L A N K A , T A I W A N E S E , T H A I
S O U R C E : U . S . C E N S U S B U R E A U , 2 0 1 0
Asian Pacific Islanders in Riverside County
• R o l e o f c u l t u r e i n p e r c e p t i o n o f i l l n e s s a n d h e l p - s e e k i n g b e h a v i o r
• C o m m u n i t y a w a r e n e s s , m o b i l i z a t i o n , a n d r e s p o n s i v e n e s s
•T h e p u b l i c h e a l t h s y s t e m h a s r e q u i r e m e n t s a n d r e g u l a t i o n s w h i c h p r e s e n t a s e t o f b a r r i e r s - i s s u e s o f b i l l i n g , t r a i n i n g , e v i d e n c e b a s e d m o d e l , d i a g n o s i s , a s s e s s m e n t ,
• T h e i n t e g r a t i o n o f t h r e e s e r v i c e s y s t e m s ( b e h a v i o r a l , m e d i c a l a n d s u b s t a n c e a b u s e ) p r e s e n t e d c h a l l e n g e s f r o m b a s i c d e f i n i t i o n s t h a t d i f f e r e d f r o m s y s t e m t o s y s t e m t o l e v e l s o f c o n f i d e n t i a l i t y.
•
Challenges & Barriers to Access and Service Utilization
• L a n g u a g e • T r a n s p o r t a t i o n & f i e l d b a s e d s e r v i c e s• F i n a n c i a l & c o n c r e t e s u p p o r t• S t i g m a & c u l t u r a l c o n c e p t o f h e a l t h , m e n t a l h e a l t h
& w e l l n e s s• O u t r e a c h t i m e f r a m e• E a r l y d e t e c t i o n & p s y c h o e d u c a t i o n• T o d i a g n o s e o r n o t t o d i a g n o s e – i m p l i c a t i o n• P r a c t i c e m o d e l s – l i v i n g w e l l , M H f i r s t a i d ,
m o t i v a t i o n a l i n t e r v i e w i n g , s e e k i n g s a f e t y , c a s e m a n a g e m e n t , p r o b l e m - s o l v i n g
Strategies for Engagement & Prevention, Early Intervention
• C r i s i s r e s p o n s e & s u p p o r t – i n d i v i d u a l & f a m i l i e s• L e v e l s o f c a r e : a c u t e , s u b a c u t e , m a i n t e n a n c e &
r e c o v e r y• C o m m u n i t y b a s e d s e r v i c e s : r o l e o f s e r v i c e p r o v i d e r s
a n d f a m i l i e s• C o m m u n i t y r e - i n t e g r a t i o n : d e f i n i n g c o m m u n i t y o f c a r e• D e v e l o p i n g r e s o u r c e s a n d m a i n t a i n i n g c o n t i n u i t y o f
c a r e – t r a n s i t i o n b e t w e e n p r o v i d e r s• D e f i n i n g r e c o v e r y• E x a m p l e s : i n t e g r a t e d c a r e , F S P , R R R , P E I
Strategies – Crisis response & Continuum of Care
K A R E N L I M , P S Y . D .P R O G R A M D I R E C T O R
S S G / A P C T CC H I L D R E N A N D F A M I L Y S E R V I C E S
Engagement Strategies with AAPI Children & Families
INDIV IDUAL & FAMILY ENGAGEMENT
COMMUNITY OUTREACH & ENGAGEMENT
COLLABORATIVE NETWORKS
Levels & Strategies of Engagement
1 . Ongoing vs . one- t ime engagement May be needed to bu i ld t rus t and address s t igma
2 . B i l ingual and b icu l tura l s ta f f3 . Ref rame serv ices in cu l tura l ly acceptab le terms
Explain how services could help improve academic functioning, employment, harmony in the family.
4 . Parent or peer suppor t spec ia l is ts in the team Connec t w i th consumers /paren ts on ano ther leve l
to dec rease s t igma, d i s t rus t , res is tance
Individual & Family Engagement
1 . Hea l th C l in ics /PCPsAAPIs may t rus t & respond be t te r to the i r doc to rs ’ recommendat ion / re fe r ra l to MH serv ices .Examples o f pa r tne rsh ips : A F i l i p ino ped ia t r i c ian has a d i rec t l i ne to our
F i l i p ino the rap is t fo r re fe r ra ls
Par tnersh ip w i th F i l i p ino doc to r / researcher to imp lement Inc red ib le Years ( IY ) pa ren t g roups w i th F i l i p inos a t F i l i p ino churches & language schoo ls
Community Outreach & Engagement
2 . Loca l l ibrar ies Out reach & d rop- in consu l ta t ion a t the l i b ra ry
dur ing ch i ld ren ’s s to ry t ime
Conduc t b r ie f pa ren t workshops w i th concur ren t ch i ld ren ’s p lay g roup . Paren t ing top ics such as pos i t i ve a t ten t ion , manag ing tan t rums, e f fec t i ve d isc ip l i ne .
Community Outreach & Engagement
3 . Publ ic & Char ter Schools MOU/par tnersh ips w i th schoo l d i s t r i c t s to
p rov ide schoo l -based menta l hea l th se rv i ces Address access , t ranspor ta t ion bar r ie rs &
s t igma
Serv ices -assessment , i nd iv idua l , fami l y, g roup the rapy, pa r t i c ipa t ion in s tuden t ’s IEP, c lass room observa t ions , co l labora t ion w / teachers
Community Outreach & Engagement
3 . Publ ic & Char ter Schools
Par t i c ipa te in schoo l resource fa i r s to fu r the r engage the commun i ty
Oppor tun i t i es to conduc t workshops to paren ts , teachers and s tuden ts re la ted to menta l hea l th /we l l -be ing , subs tance use , e tc .
Community Outreach & Engagement
4 . As ian Language Schools & Af ter School ProgramsBu i ld re la t ionsh ips to es tab l i sh a re fe r ra l
sys tem.
Oppor tun i t i es to conduc t workshops to paren ts , teachers and s tuden ts re la ted to paren t ing , men ta l we l l -be ing , e tc . (Ex : Inc red ib le Years paren t ing g roup a t a F i l i p ino cu l tu ra l / l anguage schoo l )
Community Outreach & Engagement
5 . DCFS Bu i ld re la t ionsh ips and f requen t con tac ts w i th
API DCFS soc ia l workers to remind o f ava i lab le se rv i ces & capac i t y
Col labora te w i th DCFS API Program leadersh ip
Par t i c ipa te in Team Dec is ion Mak ing (TDM) and Ch i ld Fami l y Team (CFT) meet ings
Community Outreach & Engagement
6 . Fa i th -Based Organizat ions (Churches , temples) Bu i ld re la t ionsh ips w i th fa i th leaders
Oppor tun i t i es to conduc t workshops in a non-s t igmat i z ing loca t ion , on top ics such as ch i ld abuse repor t ing ( fo r church s ta f f ) , pa ren t ing , p romot ing se l f -es teem & pos i t i ve peer re la t ions ( fo r you th )
Commun i ty ou t reach dur ing re l i g ious fes t i va ls & ho l idays (e .g . , Khmer New Year )
Community Outreach & Engagement
Child Abuse Prevention & Reporting Workshop for church leaders and staff
7 . Non- t rad i t iona l ac t iv i t iesPrevention activities that are culturally congruent, build resiliency and social connections among AAPIs
Yoga, Tai Chi classesESL classes for Korean parents/caregivers (taught by bilingual
Korean teacher, focused on parent-child communication)Multi-family field tripsHoliday-themed parent-child activities (Ex. Chinese lantern-
making, pumpkin decorating)
Community Outreach & Engagement
8 . MEDIA OUTREACH Utilize different media outlets to increase awareness of API
community needs and projects Example: Asian Foster Family Initiative (AFFI)
- to increase awareness of the need for and to recruit more AAPI resource/foster families
• Press releases to Asian media• Asian media coverage of Information Sessions• Asian newspaper articles and TV/radio promotion• Asian TV interviews about AFFI
Community Outreach & Engagement
8 . MEDIA OUTREACH Utilize different media outlets to increase awareness about
mental health and resources, and address MH stigma Examples:
• PSAs in various Asian media – TV, radio, internet• Chinese & Khmer radio show on mental health• Posters & billboard in the community about API mental
health resources
Community Outreach & Engagement
N E V E R L E A V E Y O U R C H I L D I N T H E C A R A L O N E ( P A R T 1 )H T T P S : / / W W W . Y O U T U B E . C O M / W A T C H ? V = Y E I 5 L X 2 L D G 0 & F E A T
U R E = Y O U T U . B E
N E V E R L E A V E Y O U R C H I L D I N T H E C A R A L O N E ( P A R T 2 )H T T P S : / / W W W . Y O U T U B E . C O M / W A T C H ? V = U Q 7 A C C I K K R K
PSA Video
Col laborat ion wi th var ious API soc ia l serv ice & behaviora l hea l th agencies throughout LA County: Leverage & maximize resources & expertise DCFS-Funded Prevention Programs (serving 11 ethnic grps, 12
API languages/dialects)1. LA Countywide API Prevention & Aftercare Service (10 agencies)2. LA Countywide API Child Abuse Prevention, Intervention &
Treatment (8 agencies)
Collaborative Networks
Collaboration with various API social service & behavioral health agencies throughout LA County:
DMH-Funded Program/Services 1.LA Countywide - API Child Full Service Partnership/FSP (3 agencies,
serving 6 ethnic groups, 8 API languages/dialects)2.Prevention & Early Intervention (PEI) Community Outreach Service
(4 agencies, 8 API languages/dialects)
Collaborative Networks
S H E I L A W U , P H . D .D I R E C T O R
S S G - A P C T C
Implementation of Community Defined Practice for AAPI
33
Development and ImplementationCaring for Our Family
Family Connections LA ModelOverview
34
DeveloperDiane DePanfilis, MSW, Ph.D.
Professor and Associate Dean for research at the University of Maryland School of Social Work. Director of the Ruth H. Young Center for
Families and ChildrenPrincipal Investigator of research for
Family Connections. Principal Investigator for the Atlantic
Coast Child Welfare Implementation Center, which partners with state and tribal child welfare agencies to implement systems change improving lives of children, youth and families.
New York Child Welfare – Child Maltreatment Prevention ProgramNew York City Department of Mental
Health
35
Year Milestone 1996‐2002
Five year demonstration – US Department of Health & Human Services, National Center on Child Abuse & Neglect
1999‐2000
Testing FC adaptation targeting reunification when children placed in foster care – Baltimore City Department of Social Services
1999‐2002
Family Connections’ family strengthening initiative – US DHHS, Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)
2003 ‐2009
Selected as “demonstrated effective program” by US DHHS, Office on Child Abuse & Neglect; federal replication funding for 8 sites (CA‐2, MD, MI, TN, TX‐2, WV); adaption with kinship caregivers
2007 SAMHSA award to develop Family Informed Trauma Treatment (FITT) Center; Trauma Adapted Family Connections (TA‐FC) developed
2008‐2009
Rated as a promising practice – CA Evidence‐Based Clearinghouse for Child Welfare & the Pew Charitable Trust report; Special Issue of Protecting Children; JBA preliminary cross‐site findings presented
2010‐2012
Replications in CO, MD, NM, NJ, NV, TX, LA; development of SAFE‐FC as a demonstration project in Washoe County, NV; NYC ACS selects FC as an evidence‐based model for conversion of General Preventive and Family Treatment/Rehabilitation programs services
Milestone (continued)36
2012 James Bell Associates (JBA) cross site replication evaluation report release
2013 Replication by nine preventive service programs in NYC in the Bronx, East Harlem, lower Manhattan, and Brooklyn
2014 Replication in Central Florida by two Community Based organizations and their provider agencies, implementation in a new site in south Texas via CBCAP funding; expansion to 4 additional sites in Texas via an agency endowment
2015 Replication of Trauma Adapted Family Connections (TA‐FC) in Cleveland
Eight Replication Sites
37
1. SSG/APCTC – Los Angeles, CA2. Black Family Development – Detroit, MI3. Child and Family Tennessee – Knoxville, TN4. Children’s Institute – Los Angeles, CA5. DePelchin Children’s Center – Houston, TX6. Respite Care of San Antonio – San Antonio, TX7. University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD8. Youth Health Service – Elkins, West Virginia
Family Connections CFOF Fidelity Criteria
38
1. Philosophical principles2. Program structure3. Administrative activities4. Professional development activities5. Research activities
1. Philosophical Principles
39
Ecological developmental framework
Community outreach
Family assessment & tailored intervention
Helping alliance with family
Empowerment/strengths based
Cultural competence
Outcome-driven service plans
Focus on the practitioner
2. Program Structure
40
FC/CFOF screening inclusion criteria
1 business day response at intake
At least 1 hr weekly service visits
Comprehensive family assessment with clinical assessment instruments to target and tailor intervention
Outcome driven service plans
Services designed to increase protective & decrease risk factors
Evaluates change over time
3. Program Administration
41
Tailors the intervention manual to the target population
Establishes safety policies for practitioners related to work in the community
Quality assurance procedures
Risk management procedures
Tracks time units of services
4. Professional Development
42Professional workforce
Orientation, training, and reinforcement of intervention manual
Weekly supervision
Organizational culture reinforcing FC principles
Individualized training and methods to reinforce correctly implementing the model as intended
5. Research and Evaluation
43
Use of a logic model
Measures change over time
Documentation of the process of intervention
Implements strategies that document the process of implementation and the service delivery process
Original Logic Model - Family Connections
Inputs
Diverse Funding
Eligibility Criteria and
Referral Procedures
TrainedStaff
ProgramObjectives
Intermediate Outputs
Emergency Assistance
Comprehensive FamilyAssessment
Service Plan Development
Direct Counseling Services
Advocacy
Final
Outputs
Number offamilies
who complete services
Short-Term/ Intermediate Outcomes
Increase Protective Factors
• Parenting Attitudes• Parenting Satisfaction• Social Support
Decrease Risk Factors
• Everyday Stress• Parental Stress• Parental Depression
Long-Term Outcomes
Increase childsafety
Improve childbehavior
Intervention Manual
45
Adapted with permission from the University of Maryland School of Social Work Ruth H. Young Center for Families and Children, Family Connections Program © 2003, University of Maryland, Baltimore
Principal Author: Diane DePanfilis, ProfessorUniversity of Maryland School of Social WorkDirector, Ruth H. young Center for Families & Children-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Acknowledgements:Contributors to the Family Connections intervention manual include: Esta Glazer-Semmel, Michelle Farr, Gisele Ferretto, Fred Strieder, and Melissa McDermott-Lane.
The principal contributor to the Caring for Our Family version of this manual:Sheila Wu, Assistant DirectorAsian Pacific Counseling and Treatment CentersSpecial Service for GroupsLos Angeles, CACFOF is a community based intervention project supported through funds from California Mental Health Services Act’s (MHSA) Prevention and Early Intervention (PEI) program.
Multi-modal intervention: Individualized services geared to increase protective factors and decrease risk factors.
Practitioners use an Intervention manual to guide & tailor service delivery.
Intervention Manual specifies Theory Practice Principles Process (outreach, engagement,
assessment, planning, tailored outcome driven case plans, intervention strategies, methods for evaluating change).
Core Intervention Services
46
• Outreach• Intake & screening• Crisis intervention• Emergency-concrete services• Comprehensive Family
Assessment• Outcomes based service
planning
Multi-modal tailored intervention Individual & family
counseling Advocacy & service
facilitation Case management
Evaluation over time & at case closure
Initial Intervention Research Question
47
Does length of services affect change over time in:
• risk factors?• protective factors?• child safety or well-being
outcomes?
Intervention: Random Assignment
48
3-Month In tervent ion Emergency assistance Home based counseling
services Family AssessmentOutcome driven service
plans Service Referrals
Service coordination and facilitation
9-Month In tervent ion Emergency assistance Home based counseling
services Family AssessmentOutcome driven service
plans Service Referrals
Service coordination and facilitation
Outcome Study Questions
49
1. How much did fami l ies in the study improve over t ime?
2. Did Fami ly Connect ions fami l ies improve more than typical serv ices fami l ies?
3. Did assigned serv ice durat ion of Fami ly Connect ions matter in terms of outcomes?
4. Did f idel i ty to the Fami ly Connect ions model moderate improvements in outcomes?
Method and Discussion
50
1. Eight replication sites; Random assignment to condition2. Focus on the primary caregiver and an index child from
each family3. Assessments at Baseline, service completion (Post-Test),
and 6 month Follow-Up4. Regardless of condition, families showed significant
improvement over time for all 11 outcome variables.
Result: 3 vs 9 month group comparison
51
•9 month intervention demonstrated greater improvement than the 3 month group in:
•Child behavior
•No differences between groups in other domains (e.g., parenting stress, life stress, parenting attitudes, social support, household safety)
Child Behavior - Externalizing
52
1. A
* Significant difference from preceding time point at p < .05
APCTC Random Assignment
53
Cambodian and Korean families
6 months CFOF interventionor
3 months CFOF program (comparison group)
Overall Impact on Children and Families in APCTC
54
Most Cambodian and Korean families in both the 6 month intervention and the 3 month control groups welcomed CFOF services.Areas including depression, anxiety, and stress, parental skills and competencies, and child well-being are all potential areas that could be impacted by the services in CFOF.
Longer duration of CFOF may be more appropriate for higher need families. In this study, it would be the Cambodian families.
Publication -Cross-site Evaluation of
8 Replication studies
55
R e p l i c a t i n g t h e F a m i l y C o n n e c t i o n s P r o g r a m : L e s s o n s L e a r n e d , A m e r i c a n H u m a n e , P r o t e c t i n g C h i l d r e n , v o l 2 4 , N o v 3 , 2 0 0 9h t t p : / / w w w . a m e r i c a n h u m a n e . o r g / a s s e t s / p d fs / c h i l d r e n / p r o t e c t i n g - c h i l d r e n - j o u r n a l / p c -2 4 - 3 . p d f
•Demonstrated effective across different target population: geographic, cultural. •Specific to LA population, but maintain fidelity of original Family Connections
CFOF Community Defined Practice Evidence Model
in Los Angeles56
1. 2009 Proposal – State of California, Mental Health Services Act (MHSA) funding: Prevention and Early Intervention (PEI) 2010
2. Evidence –based practice (EBP) & Community Defined Evidence Models (CDE)
3. Empowerment and strengths-based approaches are integral to CFOF/Family Connections
4. Overall impact to families – targeting mental health issues: depression, anxiety, and stress; parenting skills and competencies, and child well-being.
5. Outcome measures: Family Assessment Form (FAF), Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA)
Partners in CFOF Collaborative
57
1. SSG/ Asian Pacific Counseling and Treatment Centers2. SSG/Occupational Therapy Training Program3. SSG/Weber Community Center4. Pacific Asian Counseling Services5. Tessie Cleveland Community Services Corporation 6. Southern California Health and Rehabilitation Program*7. Long Beach Asian Pacific Islander Family Mental
Health Center *
CFOF Clinical Oversight Committee
58
•Monthly Meetings•Clinical Case Discussion•Quality Assurance•Fidelity to Model•Technical Assistance•Research & Evaluation Team•Six Months Progress Report
CFOF Community Advisory Board
59Community Leaders:1. Bobby J. Davis – LA County Department of Mental Health2. Bruce Saito – Los Angeles Conservation Corps3. Denise Woo – LA County Department of Children and Family Services4. Donna Mills – Metropolitan Transit Authority5. Fred Noya – LA County Sheriff’s Department6. Jacquelyn McCroskey – USC Professor of Social Work7. Kenneth Langie – Community Leader/Child Advocate8. Michi Fu – Pacific Clinics9. Nancy Au – First 5 LA10.Virginia Culbertson - LA County Department of Children and Family
Services
1. March 20102. June 20103. January 20114. September 2011*5. March 2012*6. September 2012*7. September 2013*8. October 2014*9. May 201710. January 2018*
60
CFOF Trainings in Los Angeles
Close to 500 staffs trained in LA County
Referral Criteria
611. Lives in Los Angeles County 2. No current Involvement with
CPS/DCFS 3. Family is willing to participate 4. Child is at risk of harm because
basic needs have not been met5. Inadequate/delayed health care6. Inadequate nutrition7. Poor personal hygiene8. Inadequate clothing9. Unsafe household condition10.Unsanitary household conditions11.Unstable living conditions 12.Shuttling
11. Inadequate supervision12. Inappropriate substitute caregiver13. Inadequate nurturance or affection14. Isolating15. Witnessing violence16. Permitting alcohol or drug use17. Permitting other maladaptive
behavior18. Delay in obtaining needed mental
health care19. Chronic truancy20. Unmet special education needs
Outcome Measures
62CFOF requirement -2 outcome measures • Family Assessment Form (FAF) * <at intake, 3 months, 6 months or
discharge>• ASEBA* <at intake, 6 months or discharge>LA County Department of Mental Health requirement –1) General Outcome Measure:
• Youth Outcome Questionnaire (YOQ)• Youth Outcome Questionnaire Self Report (YOQ/SR)
2) Specific Outcome Measure:• Change the ASEBA to ECBI/SESBI – November 2012• Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI)• Sutter-Eyberg Student Behavoir Inventory Revised (SESBI-R)• ECBI – Spanish version
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Internalizing Externalizing Total Problems
Baseline Mean3 Mos. F/U Mean
63
Preliminary DataChild Behavioral Checklist – Caregiver Report
Cumulative through March 2012* <outcome measure changed>
Mean 10.47 5.33 16.33 11.14 47.71 30.76
* All Family CBCL factors showed significant difference from preceding time point at p < .05
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Factor A Factor B Factor C Factor D Factor E
Baseline MeanDischarge Mean
64
Preliminary DataFamily Assessment Factors
Cumulative through March 2014
A = Cleanliness/Orderliness of the HomeB = Financial Conditions C = Support to Caregiver
D = Primary Caregiver/child interaction E = Development Stimulation
Mean = 18.63/15.36* 14.11/12.83* 14.41/12.95* 33.55/29.68* 11.29/9.9*N =11 N = 46 N = 64 N = 73 N=72
* Significant difference from preceding time point at p < .05. Statistical analysis is based on the paired t-test.
Strengths of CFOF
65
1. Family focused, strength based, community based interventions.
2. Case management services are a core component.3. Multi-discipline.4. Training and implementation.5. Cultural competence is one of the Guiding Principles.6. The collaborative brought together agency
representatives to provide oversight to ensure the fidelity of the model.
7. Flexibility to adapt to fit the target population, culture, situation, and perceived needs.
References
66
•DePanfilis, D., & Dubowitz, H. (2005). Family Connections: A program for preventing child neglect. Child Maltreatment,10, 108-123.•Girvin, H., DePanfilis, D., & Daining, C. (2007). Predicting program completion among families enrolled in a child neglect preventive intervention. Research on Social Work Practice, 17, 674-685.•DePanfilis, D., Dubowitz, H., & Kunz, J. (2008). Assessing the cost-effectiveness of Family Connections. Child Abuse & Neglect, 32, 335-351.•DePanfilis, D., Filene, J., & Brodowski, M. (2009). Special Issue of Protecting Children on Family Connections.•Lindsey, M. A., Hayward, R. A., & DePanfilis, D. (2009, accepted). Exploring gender differences in behavioral outcomes: The promise of a family-focused prevention intervention. Research on Social Work Practice
Q & A 67