Download - Customer Organizations
CUSTOMER ORGANIZATIONCUSTOMER ORGANIZATION
Prof. Dr. Carlos ÁlvarezInstituto de Ingeniería EnergéticaUniversidad Politécnica de Valencia
ELECTRIC DEMAND SIDE OPERATION DSO MADRID FORUM
RED ELÉCTRICA DE ESPAÑAMadrid, October 19, 2005
CONTENTSCONTENTS
1.1. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
2.2. PROCESS SUITABILITYPROCESS SUITABILITY
3.3. DEMAND ORGANIZATIONDEMAND ORGANIZATION
4.4. CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
CUSTOMERSCUSTOMERS
DEMAND RESPONSE WILL COME OUT FROM THE FLEXIBILITY DEMAND RESPONSE WILL COME OUT FROM THE FLEXIBILITY ASSOCIATED TO THE END USER PROCESSES THE CAPABILITY ASSOCIATED TO THE END USER PROCESSES THE CAPABILITY OF THE CUSTOMER TO ASSIGN ENERGY USES TO PRICESOF THE CUSTOMER TO ASSIGN ENERGY USES TO PRICES
THIS PROCESSES AS WELL AS THE EQUIPMENT TO SUPPLY THE THIS PROCESSES AS WELL AS THE EQUIPMENT TO SUPPLY THE REQUIRED SERVICE LEVELS HAS TO BE INVESTIGATED IN ORDER TO REQUIRED SERVICE LEVELS HAS TO BE INVESTIGATED IN ORDER TO DETERMINE THE AVAILABLE DEMAND RESOURCESDETERMINE THE AVAILABLE DEMAND RESOURCES
DEMAND RESPONSE CAN COME FROM CUSTOMER BY TWO DEMAND RESPONSE CAN COME FROM CUSTOMER BY TWO MECHANISMS:MECHANISMS:•• IDENTIFICATION OF IDENTIFICATION OF ENERGY REQUIREMENTS ENERGY REQUIREMENTS AND ITS AND ITS ASSOCIATED ASSOCIATED BENEFITS BENEFITS (BIDS) (BIDS) •• IDENTIFICATION OF THE OPPORTUNITIES TO IDENTIFICATION OF THE OPPORTUNITIES TO GIVE UP OR GIVE UP OR DELAY OF SOME ENERGY CONSUMPTION DELAY OF SOME ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ITS AND ITS ASSOCIATED COST (OFFERS). ASSOCIATED COST (OFFERS).
OPPORTUNITY TO MAKE PROFITS FROM THE CUSTOMER OPPORTUNITY TO MAKE PROFITS FROM THE CUSTOMER FLEXIBILITYFLEXIBILITY
CUSTOMER RESPONSE IN DR PROGRAMS– TWO TYPES OF DEMAND STUDIES:
– TOTAL DEMAND OF A CUSTOMER:» BILATERAL CONTRACT» ELECTRICITY MARKETS
– CHANGE IN THE DEMAND– CUSTOMER TASK: TO ARRANGE ITS DEMAND INTO DEMAND
PACKAGES TO BE OFFERED OR BID
MWh
1 24
Changes in theCustomer demand
Customer buys energyAt low prices
Day-ahead demand(global demand)
Time (h)
↓
CUSTOMERSCUSTOMERS
• PARAMETERS OF A DEMAND PACKAGE (DP):– TRIGGER PRICE: F (CUSTOMER, END USE)– SIZE AND SHAPE OF THE DP BLOCK: (CUSTOMER, LOAD)– THE NOTICE REQUIRED FOR THE CHANGE IN THE DEMAND– ADDITIONAL LIMITATIONS: NUMBER OF PARTICIPATIONS IN A DAY, MONTH OR
YEAR
■ Storage capability■ Non storage loads
Residential
■ Storage capability■ Non storage loads
Commercial
■ Process independent■ Sequential■ Process interlocked■ Storage capability
Industrial
Controllable loads
Capability to reduce demandType of customer
CUSTOMERSCUSTOMERS
METHODOLOGY FOR DP CREATIONMETHODOLOGY FOR DP CREATION: :
COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CUSTOMER ENDCOMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CUSTOMER END--USES AND USES AND PROCESSESPROCESSES
•• SEVERAL FACTORS ARE RELEVANT TO ASSES LOAD FLEXIBILITYSEVERAL FACTORS ARE RELEVANT TO ASSES LOAD FLEXIBILITYA.A. FINAL SERVICE SUPPLIED BY THE ELECTRIC LOADFINAL SERVICE SUPPLIED BY THE ELECTRIC LOAD
•• HEAT, COOL, ILLUMINATION, PRODUCTIONHEAT, COOL, ILLUMINATION, PRODUCTION•• DUAL FUEL SYSTEMSDUAL FUEL SYSTEMS
B.B. STORAGE CAPACITY: STORAGE CAPACITY: PARTIAL, TOTALPARTIAL, TOTALELECTRICITYELECTRICITYTHERMAL ENERGYTHERMAL ENERGYPRODUCTPRODUCTHYDROGEN, ETCHYDROGEN, ETC
C.C. RATE OF LOAD SWITCHING: RATE OF LOAD SWITCHING: NATURAL ON/OFF LOAD SWITCHINGNATURAL ON/OFF LOAD SWITCHING
D.D. LOAD DISPATCH AVAILABILITYLOAD DISPATCH AVAILABILITY
CUSTOMERSCUSTOMERS
EXAMPLE OF CUSTOMER LOAD ORGANIZATION– End uses identification:
• By analyzing the total load curves in different periods• By non intrusive load monitoring (electronic, HAVC and lighting loads)• By laboratory experiences: offices and classrooms
Glo
bal p
ower
dem
and
(kW
)
CUSTOMERS: EXAMPLECUSTOMERS: EXAMPLE
CLASSIFICATION OF COMMERCIAL AND RESIDENTIAL LOADS ACCORDING TO THEIR SUITABILITY FOR A FLEXIBLE CONTROL
• H: High; M: medium; L: low
HoursMMHFreezers
Min.MMLFridges HoursMHHWater Heater
HoursLMHIrrigation and swimming pumps
HoursHoursHours
HMM
HMH
MHH
HVAC:■ Direct■ Partial storage■ Full storage
HoursHMHDimmable lighting
Bid duration
DP (real time)
DP (short term)
DP (medium term)
Load
CUSTOMERSCUSTOMERS
CUSTOMER LOAD ANALYSIS :WINTER PEAK
Not considered4MWDistributed Gen.
Emergency lighting, freezers chambers, etc.
10%Other demands
No response available10%?Teaching and Labs equipments
No response available15%Electronic loads
300kW external150kW dimmable
28%Lighting
Individual AC, split units and compact 3p units
2%Air conditioning
HP + Conventional electric heaters (5%)
35%Space heating
ConsiderationsDemand End use
CUSTOMERS: EXAMPLECUSTOMERS: EXAMPLE
3Other loadsL4
1Internal LightingL3b
3Internal LightingL3a
3External LightingL2
0.5Space conditioningL1
Price (€/kWh)DescriptionDemand Package
COST OF THE ENERGY BOUGHT IN DAILY MARKET: 7,075 €/DAY
DEMAND AND ENERGY PRICES
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23Hora
KW
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
cent
€/K
Wh
L4L3bL3aL2L1PMIPMD
GENERATION OF DEMAND BIDS
• UPV BIDS FOR THE DAY-AHEAD ENERGY MARKET– WINTER PEAK (JANUARY 29, 2002. BID FROM 12 TO 13H)
Pric
e (€
/kW
h)
L4+L3a+L2a
L2bL1
7.3
0.5
Demand (MW)
3
L3b
5.45.255.15
0.8
1
CUSTOMERS: EXAMPLECUSTOMERS: EXAMPLE
DEMAND-SIDE OFFERS
• SIMULATION RESULTS: COST-DEMAND CURVE – SUMMER PEAK, JULY 9, 2002. HOUR: 13-14H
Pric
e (€
/kW
h)
CUSTOMERS: EXAMPLECUSTOMERS: EXAMPLE
EVOLUTION OF FLEXIBLE LOADS
January
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
0:00 2:30 5:00 7:30 10:00 12:30 15:00 17:30 20:00 22:30
Time
Pow
er d
eman
d (k
W)
L1 L2 L3b L3a L4
January
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
0:00 2:30 5:00 7:30 10:00 12:30 15:00 17:30 20:00 22:30
Time
Red
uctio
ns (k
W)
L1a (0.15€/kWh) L1b (0.25 €/kWh)L1c (0.7 €/kWh) L2b (0.3 €/kWh)
33P>0.25
750.25>P>0.15
0.15>P
participationsPrice(P)€/KWh
Balancing prices for January
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
22.00
24.00
26.00
28.00
30.00
32.00
34.00
36.00
38.00
40.00
1.00 3.00 5.00 7.00 9.00 11.00 13.00 15.00 17.00 19.00 21.00 23.00
HOURS
cent
€/K
Wh
347891011151718212223293031
ESTIMATED INCOME FOR JANUARY 8TH 2003: 5,874.52 €
ESTIMATED LOAD CHANMCES IN BALANCING MARKETS (JANUARY 2003)
BENEFITS OF RETAILBENEFITS OF RETAIL--LOAD PARTICIPATION: LOAD PARTICIPATION: REDUCTION OF PRICE VOLATILITY (DUE TO REDUCTION OF PRICE VOLATILITY (DUE TO DEMAND ELASTICITY).DEMAND ELASTICITY).THE CONSUMER MANAGE ITS PROFITS AND COSTS:THE CONSUMER MANAGE ITS PROFITS AND COSTS:
DEMAND IS FLEXIBLEDEMAND IS FLEXIBLEPRICE OPPORTUNITIESPRICE OPPORTUNITIES
DEMAND DEMAND ≠≠ GENERATIONGENERATIONRECOVERY, LOAD CHANGES,.. RECOVERY, LOAD CHANGES,.. →→ AADVANTAGES AND DVANTAGES AND DRAWBACKSDRAWBACKS
CONCLUSIONS
OPERATORS SHOULD FACILITATE THE PARTICIPATION OPERATORS SHOULD FACILITATE THE PARTICIPATION OF THE DEMAND: OF THE DEMAND:
ENERGY MARKETSENERGY MARKETSANCILLARY SERVICES AND NETWORK CONSTRAINTSANCILLARY SERVICES AND NETWORK CONSTRAINTS
IT IS NECESSARY TO PERFORM EXTENSIVE RESEARCH IT IS NECESSARY TO PERFORM EXTENSIVE RESEARCH TO FIND THE DEMAND RESPONSE RESOURCES TO FIND THE DEMAND RESPONSE RESOURCES
IDENTIFICATION OF CUSTOMER SEGMENTSIDENTIFICATION OF CUSTOMER SEGMENTSLOAD RESPONSE MODELSLOAD RESPONSE MODELSPRICE AND COST EVALUATION TOOLS TO PERFORM PRICE AND COST EVALUATION TOOLS TO PERFORM OFFERS AND BIDSOFFERS AND BIDS
CONCLUSIONS