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BRANCHES OF SCIENCELESSON 1.2
INTRODUCTION
Before science became the science that weknow today, natural phenomena were explain basedonly on personal observations and understanding.During the time of the Greek mathematician,Pythagoras, arithmetic, geometry, music, andastronomy were recognized as science.
In the 19th Century, scientists finally realizedthat pure mathematics was not science because itwas a series of logical relations that did not dependon the laws of nature. But because mathematics isoften used in the study of science, it is nowconsidered as an allied field. Mathematics isreferred to as the language of science since it isused to communicate the results obtained inscientific work.
SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS
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SCIENCE
Pure Science Applied Science Technology
Life Science Earth Science
Pure Science Applied Science Technology
Life Science Earth Science
SCIENCE
BOTANY
ZOOLOGY
GENETICS
PHYSICS
CHEMISTRY
ASTRONOMY
GEOLOGY
PALEONTOLOGYOCEANOGRAPHY
LIFE SCIENCELIFE SCIENCE, also known as BIOLOGY, studies allaspects of living things. It studies the behavior, history,and development of living organisms.
JEAN βBAPTISTE LAMARCK (French): introduced the term βbiologyβ in
the 1800s. Some of the subdivisions of the life science are these
following:
BOTANY : the study of plants
ZOOLOGY: the study of animals
GENETICS: the study of the function
and behavior of genes
LIFE SCIENCELIFE SCIENCE, also known as BIOLOGY, studies allaspects of living things. It studies the behavior, history,and development of living organisms.
THOMAS HENRY HUXLEY (British Biologist) 1825 -1895:
insisted that all living things be studied in an integrated
way. Today, scientists appreciate Huxleyβs way of thinking
because many lower organisms are now categorized as
neither plant nor animal.
LIFE SCIENCEThe LIFE SCIENCES may be subdivided according tounits of study: molecule, cell, organisms, or evenpopulation. The following divisions of life sciencesdeveloped through the years:
BIOMEDICINE : is the
application of
biological
knowledge to
human health.
LIFE SCIENCEThe LIFE SCIENCES may be subdivided according tounits of study: molecule, cell, organisms, or evenpopulation. The following divisions of life sciencesdeveloped through the years:
CELLULAR BIOLOGY (Cytology):
sometimes referred to as cell biology,
aims to understand the properties,
structure, activities, and functions of the
cell, from the simplest to the most
complex organism.
LIFE SCIENCEThe LIFE SCIENCES may be subdivided according tounits of study: molecule, cell, organisms, or evenpopulation. The following divisions of life sciencesdeveloped through the years:
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY: is the study of
the growth and development of
organisms. It is the study of life processes.
Biologist study life processes in two ways.
One is by studying the metabolic
pathway is a cell (in vivo) and the other is
by studying isolated portions of the cell in
a test tube and simulating the normal
environment of the cell (in vitro).
LIFE SCIENCEThe LIFE SCIENCES may be subdivided according tounits of study: molecule, cell, organisms, or evenpopulation. The following divisions of life sciencesdeveloped through the years:
ECOLOGY: is the study of all the
interaction in the environment.
LIFE SCIENCEThe LIFE SCIENCES may be subdivided according tounits of study: molecule, cell, organisms, or evenpopulation. The following divisions of life sciencesdeveloped through the years:
EMBYOLOGY: deals with the study of
development of the embryo.
LIFE SCIENCEThe LIFE SCIENCES may be subdivided according tounits of study: molecule, cell, organisms, or evenpopulation. The following divisions of life sciencesdeveloped through the years:
HISTOLOGY: is the study
of tissues.
LIFE SCIENCEThe LIFE SCIENCES may be subdivided according tounits of study: molecule, cell, organisms, or evenpopulation. The following divisions of life sciencesdeveloped through the years:
PHYSIOLOGY: Deals with the
functions and activities of life and
living matter.
PHYSICAL SCIENCEThe PHYSICAL SCIENCE dealswith matter and energy. Someof its subdivisions are:
PHYSICS: the study of the
interaction
between matter
and energy.
PHYSICAL SCIENCEThe PHYSICAL SCIENCE dealswith matter and energy. Someof its subdivisions are:
PHYSICAL SCIENCEThe PHYSICAL SCIENCE dealswith matter and energy. Someof its subdivisions are:
CHEMISTRY: the study of the
composition of matter
and the changes it
undergoes.
PHYSICAL SCIENCEThe PHYSICAL SCIENCE dealswith matter and energy. Someof its subdivisions are:
ASTRONOMY: the study of heavenly
bodies.
EARTH SCIENCEThe EARTH SCIENCE ,also known as GEOSCIENCE,or the study of Earth and its neighbors, used to bea part of physical sciences. Now, it stands apart aEarth faces more and more critical problems.Earth science is further subdivided into specificfields of study, some of which are:
EARTH SCIENCEThe EARTH SCIENCE ,also known as GEOSCIENCE,or the study of Earth and its neighbors, used to bea part of physical sciences. Now, it stands apart aEarth faces more and more critical problems.Earth science is further subdivided into specificfields of study, some of which are:
GEOLOGY: the study of the
history and the
structure of Earth.
EARTH SCIENCEThe EARTH SCIENCE ,also known as GEOSCIENCE,or the study of Earth and its neighbors, used to bea part of physical sciences. Now, it stands apart aEarth faces more and more critical problems.Earth science is further subdivided into specificfields of study, some of which are:
PALEOLOGY: the study of
prehistoric life
through fossil
remains.
EARTH SCIENCEThe EARTH SCIENCE ,also known as GEOSCIENCE,or the study of Earth and its neighbors, used to bea part of physical sciences. Now, it stands apart aEarth faces more and more critical problems.Earth science is further subdivided into specificfields of study, some of which are:
OCEANOGRAPHY: the study of
the physical, chemical,
and biological aspects
of the oceans the
ocean floor, mapping,
and measuring of the
Earthβs surface
underwater.
EARTH SCIENCEThe EARTH SCIENCE ,also known as GEOSCIENCE,or the study of Earth and its neighbors, used to bea part of physical sciences. Now, it stands apart aEarth faces more and more critical problems.Earth science is further subdivided into specificfields of study, some of which are:
METEOLOGY: the study of the
Earthβs weather and
the atmosphere.
EARTH SCIENCEThe EARTH SCIENCE ,also known as GEOSCIENCE,or the study of Earth and its neighbors, used to bea part of physical sciences. Now, it stands apart aEarth faces more and more critical problems.Earth science is further subdivided into specificfields of study, some of which are:
PETROLOGY: the study of rocks.