Electrospinning and Additive Manufacturing: Converging
Technologies
Paul Dalton
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation Queensland University of Technology, AUSTRALIA
Tissue Engineering Research
Tissue Engineered Products
Valley of Death Funding: Venture Capital?, SBIR?, Corporate Partnerships? Basic Research Funding:
NIH, NSF, DOD, etc. Commercialization Funding: Large Companies, Private Equity
Insurance Reimbursed Clinical Products
Regulatory Approval
CLINICAL TRIALS:
Pre-Clinical Studies: ISO/FDA Guided Bench Tests: Large Targeted Animal Studies:
Design/Manufacturing: Design, History, Input GMP Manufacturing:
Basic In Vivo Research: Small Animal Model; Rudimentary Biologic/ Scaffold Constructs
Basic In Vitro Research: Cell Isolation; Material Synthesis
The Valley of Death
Surgeon Acceptance
Additive Manufacturing
Filament Resolution New Materials Required
Chaotic Deposition Solvent Process Cell Invasiveness
Electrospinning Writing Accurate Placement of Small Diameter Fibers
Solvent Free Existing Polymers (including clinically used)
Scaffold Fabrication for TE
Additive Manufacturing
Woodfield et al. (2005). Tissue Eng, 11, 297.
Custom Scaffolds
Probst FA et al. (2010) Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir, 42, 369.
Electrospinning
http://www.nano.org.uk/news/nov2008/1688.gif
Solution Electrospinning
Xu et al (2004) Tissue Eng, 10, 1160
Melt Electrospinning
• Less than 1% of electrospinning literature (40-45 Publications in total)
• Melt Electrospinning for TE
– Saunders/Ratner (2 publications) – Park/Yang(1 publication) – Dalton (7 publications)
Dalton et al. (2007) Polymer, 48, 6823.
Electrospinning Writing & Layering
Brown et al. (2011) Advanced Materials, 23, 5651-57.
100µm
Melt Electrospinning Writing
100µm
Scaffolds for Skin TE
Farrugia et al. Biofabrication (submitted).
Cell/Scaffold Interactions
Farrugia et al. Biofabrication (submitted).
Writing onto Cylinders
100 μm
30° 60°45° 2 mm2 mm 2 mm
Brown et al. (2012) Biointerphases, 7, 13.
Tubular Scaffolds
Brown et al. (2012) Biointerphases, 7, 13.
Summary
Summary of Melt Electrospinning Writing • Distinct Process
• Inexpensive
• Good Resolution
• High Scaffold Porosity
• Solvent Free Process
• Clinical Potential
Ongoing Work – Surface Modification
Grafahrend et al, Nature Materials, 10, 67-73.
Collaborative Network
www.daltonlab.com
Acknowledgements Queensland University of
Technology
• Dietmar W. Hutmacher • Toby Brown • Tim Dargaville • Nicola Detta • Brooke Farrugia • Anna Slotosch • Anna Taubenberger • Laure Thibaudeau
University of Würzburg
• Jürgen Groll • Tomasz Jungst
Funding
• CSIRO • EU Project “Hydrozones”
www.daltonlab.com
Literature
• Dalton et al. (2013), Biomaterials Science, 1, 171. • Hutmacher & Dalton (2011), Chemistry: An Asian Journal,
6, 44-56. • Brown et al. (2012) Biointerphases, 7, 13. • Brown et al. (2011) Advanced Materials, 23, 5651-57. • Detta et al. (2010) Polymer International, 59, 1558-62. • Dalton et al. (2008) Biomedical Materials, 3, 034139. • Dalton et al. (2007) Polymer, 48, 6823. • Dalton et al. (2006) Biomacromolecules, 7, 686.
www.daltonlab.com