Download - Engineering materials & structure property
Engineering materials & Structure property
by:-1) Pratik surani(140070125030) 2) vikram shiyal(140070125029)Guided by:-Mr.amit trivedi
Engineering materials
Basic engineering
materials
Advance engineering
materials
Basic engineering materials
• Metals & Alloys• Cerimic• Polymers
• Good thermal and electrical conductivity
• Relatively high melting point• Shining when polished• Ductility• Hardness• Weldability• Strength• Castability• toughness
1) Metals & Alloys
Metals
Ferrous metals• Containing iron as their
primary elements• E.g. pig iron , wrought iron,
steels etc.
Non ferrous metals• Not containing iron as
primary elements• E.g. copper, aluminum,
tin ,gold,etc.
Engineering Materials
Metals
Ferrous
Iron
Steel
Pig iron
Cast iron
Wrought iron
Non-Ferrous
Copper & Alloys
Aluminium
Zinc
Tin
Lead
Non-Metals
Rubber
Plastics
Resin
Applications of metals & alloys
• Majority of components depending upon their applications like…..
• Wires or rope• Shaft• Engine and piston• Turbine blade • Shafts• Gear• Parts of machine And many more applications …………
Ceramic
• Compounds of metallic or non metallic elements such as SiC,BaTiO3,siO2 ,etc.
• They are usually oxides,nitrides,carbides or silicates of various metals
• Rock & clay are natural ceramics• Inorganic, non metallic solids which used at
high temperatures
Characteristics of ceramics
• Extremely hard• Brittle• Poor elasticity• Resistant to high temperature• Insulative to electric current• Chemically inert• Non-transparent• High Temperature Strength• Non-crystalline
Ceramic
Example of ceramic• Sand• Brick• Glass• Cement• Concrete• Silicone Carbide• Tungsten Carbide• Abrasive
Application of Ceramic• As a cutting tool tip• Refractory Bricks In Lining of furnace• Ladders• Insulators of electric lines• Lining of cement mixtures
Polymers
• These are carbon compounds.• They chemically consist of carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, nitrogen or other non-metalic elements bonded by strong covalent bonds
• Solid of long molecular chain• They can be natural, synthetic or
manufactured
Characteristics of Polymers
• Light weight(low density)• Soft• Flammable• Flexible• Poor conductor of heat and electricity• Poor resistance to temperature• Low melting points• Good Mould ability• Degradable due to radiation
Polymers
Example• Plastic(PVC,PUF,ABS,ETC.)• Rubber• Fuels• Oils• Paints• Textiles(cotton & nylon)• Adhesives• Wood• Urea
Application• Insulator in electric application• As fuels• Refrigerant in Refrigerators• Lubricant• Protection against corrosion• Providing good appearance to
products• Rubber gasket for
leakproofness• Tubes and tires
Advance Engineering Materials
• Composites• Semiconductors• Bio-materials
Composites• Definitions: A multiphase material artificially made to
obtain certain set of properties which will not be provided by individual constituent phase or material.
• Combination of more than one type of engineering materials.
• Produced by combining 2 or 3 basic engineering materials.• Show a combination of best properties of each
component material mix together.• Provide unlimited strength , stiffness and corrosion
resistance.
Examples of compsite
• RCC (reinforced cement concreat)• Dispersion hardended alloys • Frp(fibre reinforced plastics)• Crp(carbon reinforced plastics)• Vinyle-coated steel (teflon)• Fiber glass
Semiconductors
• Electric conductivity intermediate between those of conductors and insulators
• Electric property are highly dependent on presence of impurity atoms or holes
Semiconductor
Examples• GAP• AlSb• InP• GaAs
Application • Photon cell• LED• Transistor• Diode• Amplifier
Bio Materials
• Definition: Material which are used for structural application in the medical field are known as bio material
• These material should not produce any toxic effect in body tissues.
Applications
• Use as component to be implement in human or animal body for replacement of damaged or diseased body part
• Orthopedic (bone repairing)• Dental arch wires• Micro-surgical instruments• Blood colt filter• Guide wires
Structure-Property-Performance Relationship
ProcessingStructurePropertiesPerformance
Structure-Property-Performance Relationship
• Properties of materials originate due to internal structure
• e-,p+,n0 these affect the property of materials• Property means behavior/Reaction of material against
external stimuli• Structure depends on how it is processed and
material’s performance will be a function on its properties
• Thus, the inter relationship among processing, structure, properties and performance is linear