For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
2014
Indicators graphics and data as PPT
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Notes• This presentation contains the latest graphics and data on Indicators selected by the
Pesticides Forum to reflect the structure of the UK Pesticides National Action Plan:
– it provides users with all the data and performance information in one easily accessible place.
– some graphs may be updated with more recent data as this becomes available during the year.
• The Pesticides Forum’s Annual Report 2014 is the context for this presentation. It contains:
– case studies and more information about aspects of several indicators covered here.
– a brief account of the Pesticides Forum’s main activities in 2014.
• The Annual Report is published online at this link:
http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/guidance/industries/pesticides/advisory-groups/pesticides-forum/Focus/pesticides-forum-annual-reports
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
• Pesticides Forum annual report • Impacts and sustainable use• PPT of data available
Pesticides in the UK
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
To return to this page at any point click on Pesticides Forum logo
• About the National Action Plan• Indicators of Sustainable Use• Summary and future plans• Other links– Protecting Human Health– Availability of Products and Techniques– Protecting Water– Protecting Biodiversity– Best Practice in Amenity Use– Best Practice in Amateur (Home and Garden) Use
Contents
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
• Objective: to ensure pesticides used sustainably, through promotion of risk reduction
• Priority areas: protection of water; better practice in amateur and amenity sectors, development and adoption of integrated approaches
• Targets include, maintaining current high levels of training and testing of application equipment and meeting objectives of Water Framework Directive
• Measures will include items listed in the National Action Plan
UK National Action Plan (NAP)Objectives, targets, measures and timetables
R&D
Assurance schemes
Regulation
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
• Training– Improving standards – Operators (R), advisers
• Sales – storekeeper certification• Information and awareness raising
– Consumer and health protection, wildlife protection• Inspection of application equipment
– Sprayer testing (R)- every 3 years from 2020; Annual (Assurance Schemes)• Aerial application – very limited, permitted application only• Protection of aquatic environment and drinking water• Risk in specific areas
– Protected areas, amenity• Handling & storage, packaging
– Sub-group & communication• Integrated Pest Management (IPM) – encourage and support uptake
– Baselines, sectoral needs, IPM Plans• Indicators – Usage data (R), needs
NAP – main headingsR&D
Assurance schemes
Regulation
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Indicators of Sustainable Use
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Part 1: Training
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: NRoSO * no data on sprayed area
2000/1
2001/2
2002/3
2003/4
2004/5
2005/6
2006/7
2007/8
2008/9
2009/10
2010/11
2011/12
*2012/13
*2013/14
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100Members % sprayed area covered
num
ber
of o
pera
tors
% s
pray
ed a
rea
Figure 1: User practice: National Register of Sprayer Operators (NRoSO)
(number of members & % sprayed area)
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: BASIS Registration Ltd *2012 figure as at 31 Jan 2013
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 * 2013 20140
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
num
ber
of m
embe
rsFigure 2: User Practice:
BASIS Professional Register (number of members)
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Part 2: Sales
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: BASIS Registration Ltd
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 20140
50
100
150
200
250
NSK Amenity NSK
Year
num
ber
of p
asse
sFigure 3: BASIS Nominated Storekeeper (NSK) / Amenity
Storekeeper (Amenity NSK) training courses: number of passes
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: BASIS Registration Ltd
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 20140
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
num
ber
of p
asse
sFigure 4: BASIS Guardian Certificate in Garden Care
qualification: number of passes
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Part 3: Information
and awareness raising
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Data from Pesticide Residues Committee (PRC) and Defra Expert Committee on Pesticide Residues in Food (PRiF) reports
All samples UK samples Other EC (non-UK) samples
Non-EC samples0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
102008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
% s
ampl
es w
ith
resi
dues
abo
ve t
he M
RL
Figure 5: Consumer protection: Maximum Residues Levels compliance
% of fruit and vegetable samples tested and found with one or more residues above the MRL
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: HSE
2002/03
2003/04
2004/05
2005/06
2006/07
2007/08
2008/09
2009/10
2010/11
2011/12
2012/13
2013/14
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Other complaints Alleged ill-health - unconfirmed Confirmed/likely/open
Num
ber
of in
cide
nts
Figure 6: Indicator - Human health protection: PIAP investigations
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: HSE
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Abuse Misuse Approved use Unspecified use Veterinary compounds
Year
num
ber
of c
ases
Case categories
Figure 7: Pesticide poisoning incidents investigated by the Wildlife Incident Investigation Scheme (WIIS)
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Part 4: Inspection of application equipment
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: NSTS/AEA
Figure 8: User practice: National Sprayer Testing Scheme (NSTS)
(number of sprayer tests and % sprayed area)
2000/1
2001/2
2002/3
2003/4
2004/5
2005/6
2006/7
2007/8
2008/9
2009/10
2010/11
2011/12
2012/13
2013/14
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Tests % Sprayed area covered
num
ber
of t
ests
% s
pray
ed a
rea
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Figure 9: Membership of crop assurance schemes on holdings sampled in the United Kingdom Pesticide
Usage Surveys (to 2013)
Percentage of holdings with crop assurance0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Arable crops - 2012 (n = 1190)
Outdoor vegetables - 2011 (n = 595)
Outdoor vegetables - 2013 (n = 511) Note 1
Soft fruit - 2012 (n = 309)
Edible protected crops - 2011(n = 237)
Edible protected crops - 2013
Fodder and forage crops - 2009 (n = 688) Note 1
Grassland and fodder - 2013
Orchards - 2012 (n = 266) Notes 2,3
%
Notes:n = number of farms surveyed1 = Surveys of GB only. 2 = England and Wales only.3 = Orchards include apples grown for dessert and cider production. The level of crop assurance is normally higher for dessert apples.
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Part 5: Aerial application
Indicator:352 jobs permitted in 2013 205 jobs permitted in 2014
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Part 6: Measures to
protect the aquatic environment and
drinking water
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
• In England: 24% at risk of non-compliance– metaldehyde– MCPA– chlorotoluron– mecoprop-P– carbetamide– propyzamide
Figure 10 (from 2014 report):
Surface water Drinking Water Protected Areas (DrWPAs) in England and Wales where assessments indicate pesticides are putting WFD Article 7 compliance at risk
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Figure 11 (from 2013 report)
Surface water Drinking Water Protected Areas (DrWPAs)
in Scotland at risk of failing to meet Article 7 objectives for pesticides in
2013
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
• 11 failed good status due to pesticides– cypermethrin – diuron (*)– hexachlorocyclohexane (*)– diazinon (*)(*) = no longer authorised for use as plant protection products
Figure 12 (from 2014 report):
Surface water bodies in England and Wales not currently meeting
Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) for pesticides
(compliance assessment period 2010-2012)
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Northern Ireland Environment Agency
Figure 13 (from 2013 report) Pesticides causing EQS failures from Surface Water Monitoring
in Northern Ireland in 2013
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
• 16 failed WFD objectives due to pesticides
- bentazone, clopyralid, chlorotoluron, cypermethrin, mecoprop-P, metaldehyde
- atrazine (*), diuron (*), fenuron(*), isoproturon (*), simazine (*)
(*) = no longer authorised for use as plant protection products Source: Environment Agency
Figure 14 (from 2014 report):
Groundwater bodies in England and Wales failing Water Framework
Directive (WFD) objectives due to pesticides
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Scottish Environmental Protection Agency
Figure 15 (from 2014 report):
Groundwater sampling locations where one or more pesticides have
been detected at levels which threaten to exceed 0.1 micrograms
per litre
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Environment Agency
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Agricultural Non-agricultural
num
ber
of in
cide
nts
Figure 16a. Substantiated category 1 and 2 incidents involving agricultural and non-agricultural pesticides in
England and Wales
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Natural Resources Wales
Contains Natural Resources Wales information © Natural Resources Wales and database right
20012002
20032004
20052006
20072008
20092010
20112012
20130
1
2
Agricultural Non-agricultural
num
ber
of in
cide
nts
Figure 16b. Substantiated category 1 and 2 incidents attributed to agricultural and non-agricultural
pesticides (Wales)
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Sources: Environment Agency; Natural Resources Wales Contains Natural Resources Wales information © Natural Resources Wales and database right
Engl
and
Wal
es
Engl
and
Wal
es
Engl
and
Wal
es
Engl
and
Wal
es
Engl
and
Wal
es
Engl
and
Wal
es
Engl
and
Wal
es
Engl
and
Wal
es
Engl
and
Wal
es
Engl
and
Wal
es
Engl
and
Wal
es
Engl
and
Wal
es
Engl
and
Wal
es
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
agricultural non agricultural
num
ber
of in
cide
nts
Figure 16c. Substantiated category 1 and 2 incidents involving agricultural and non-agricultural pesticides in England and Wales
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Part 7:Reduction of
risk in specific areas
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Pesticides Usage Survey – Amenity Pesticides in the UK 2012
10.1%
0.700000000000001%
44.7%
33.0%
1.3% 10.2%
GOLF INDUSTRIALINFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC AUTHORITIESRESIDENTIAL TURF
Figure 18. Relative weight of amenity pesticide applied in major amenity sectors in the UK in 2102
2006 2009 20120
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,0001837
1402
743
50 46 2515 7 5
Herbicides Fungicides Insecticides
tonn
esFigure 17. Tonnes of herbicides, fungicides and insecticides applied in major amenity sectors 2006-2012
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Part 8:Handling and storage
of pesticides and treatment of their
packaging and remnants
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Environment Agency
2011 2012 2013 20140
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
Figure 19. Number of registered biobeds and biofilters in England & Wales
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Note: 2012 information relating to SMR 11 covers more than just pesticides breaches and thus is not
strictly comparable to the previous two years.
Sources: Rural Payments Agency; Scottish Government; Department of Agriculture and Rural Development , Northern Ireland; Rural Inspectorate Wales
Engl
and
2010
Engl
and
2011
Engl
and
2012
Scot
land
201
0Sc
otla
nd 2
011
Scot
land
201
2
Wal
es 2
010
Wal
es 2
011
Wal
es 2
012
N. Ire
land
201
0N. I
rela
nd 2
011
N. Ire
land
201
2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
>15%
>5% - 15%
5%
3%
2%
1%
Warning Letter
num
ber
of b
reac
hes
penalty
Figure 20a. Comparison of number of Cross Compliance (SMR 9 and SMR 11) breaches and breach severity 2010 - 2012
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Warning Letter 1% 3% 5% >5% through to 15%
>15%0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
England Scotland Wales Northern Ireland*
Num
ber
pf p
enal
ties
levi
ed fo
r SM
R 9
brea
ches
* In Northern Ireland, five breaches were found in 2013 and appropriate penalties were levied. Further details of the penalties are not currently available.
Sources: Rural Payments Agency; Scottish Government; Department of Agriculture and Rural Development , North-ern Ireland; Rural Inspectorate Wales
Figure 20b. Number of penalties levied for Cross Compliance (SMR 9 only) breaches found during inspection in 2013
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Pesticides user habits survey (PS2817)
2007 2010 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
Adding rinsings to diluted spray solution
Drain
Sink
Toilet
% r
espo
nden
tsFigure 21. Disposal of rinsings from empty amateur
concentrate containers
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Pesticides user habits survey (PS2817)
Normal house-
hold bin
House-hold
recycling bin/bag
Landfill - HWRC
Plastic recycling - HWRC
Glass recycling - HWRC
Haz-ardous waste
- HWRC
Haz-ardous waste- col-
lected by LA
Plastic recycling
point
Other Glass recy-cling point
Burn e.g. bonfire
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Ready-to-use products Concentrate products
% o
f res
pond
ents
Figure 22. Disposal of RTU and concentrates with pesticides still in the container
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Part 9: Low pesticide input
management including
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: CRD
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 20140
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Active substances Products
Figure 23a. Cumulative numbers of active substances and products approved as biopesticides in UK
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Fera Pesticide Usage Surveys
Bacillus subtilis QST713
Bacillus thuringiensis
var kurstaki
Garlic extract Beauveria bassiana
ATC74040
Maltodextrin Cydia pomonella granulosis
virus
Coniothyrium minitans
strain CON/M/91-08
(E,E)-8, 10-dodecadien-1-ol
Lecanicillium muscarium (formerly
Verticillium lecanii)
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
Are
a tr
eate
d (h
ecta
res)
Figure 23b. Biopesticides usage* in the UK recorded during Pesticides Usage Surveys in 2013 (where area treated is over 100 hectares)
(*Not all uses are captured in PUS surveys)
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Defra Organic Farming Statistics
20022003
20042005
20062007
20082009
20102011
20122013
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
Cereals Other cropsFruit & nuts Vegetables (including potatoes)Herbaceous & ornamentals Temporary pasture
hect
ares
Figure 25. Total of in-conversion and organic land use in UK
20022003
20042005
20062007
20082009
20102011
20122013
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
Cereals Other cropsFruit & nuts Vegetables (including potatoes)Herbaceous & ornamentals Temporary pasture
hect
ares
Figure 24. Area of organic land use in UK
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Defra/RSPB/BTO/JNCC
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
Corn Bunting Grey Partridge Yellowhammer All Species (19)
Inde
x (1
970
= 1)
Figure 26. Populations of selected farmland bird species in the UK
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Defra/RSPB/BTO/JNCC
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
Generalist farmland (7) Specialists farmland (12) Farmland birds (19 spp) All (131 spp)
Wood (37 spp) Seabirds (14 spp)
Inde
x (1
970=
1)
Figure 27. Populations of all bird species in the UK
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Natural England
Low input cropped margins
Farmland bird food winter food resources
Nectar and flower-rich margins for pollinators
Grass margins and field corners
0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000
2013
2011
hectares
Figure 28a. Areas of different agri-environment options used by farmers to provide valuable wildlife food resources and mitigate impacts of crop inputs
on arable farmland - England
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Figure 28b. Areas of different agri-environment options used by farmers to provide valuable wildlife food resources and mitigate impacts of crop inputs
on arable farmland - Scotland and Northern Ireland
Scotland (2013)• Grass margins and beetle banks: 1,250 hectares• Wild bird seed mixes and un-harvested crops options: 2,030 hectares• All hedgerow options 3,900 kilometres
Northern Ireland (2013)• Countryside Management Scheme: 295,000 hectares• New Environmentally Sensitive Area Scheme: 91,000 hectares
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Part 10:Indicators
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Fera Pesticide Usage Survey
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
*20
11*
2012
*20
13*
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
tonn
es o
f acti
ve s
ubst
ance
app
lied
excluding sulphuric acid *includes Northern Ireland data
Figure 29. Estimated annual pesticide usage for all crops in Great Britain/UK
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Sources: Defra June Agricultural Survey; Scottish Government; Welsh Government; Department for Agriculture and Rural Development, Northern Ireland
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
0
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
6,000,000
7,000,000
Set-aside
Temporary grass (< 5 years)
Crops for stockfeeding
Other crops not for stockfeeding
Horticulture
Pulses
Potatoes
Sugar beet
Oilseeds
Other cereals
Spring barley
Winter barley
Wheat
hect
ares
(ha)
Figure 30. UK cropped areas
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Fera Pesticide Usage Survey
*on permanent and under 5 years grassland. The only inputs were insecticide and growth regulators, each less than 0.01kg/ha
Strawberri
es (2012)
Onions (2013)
Dessert
apples (2012)
Ware
Potato
es (2012)
Parsnips (
2013)
Brusse
ls sp
routs
(2013)
Wheat (
2012)
Winte
r barle
y (2012)
Oilseed ra
pe (2012)
Spring barle
y (2012)
Maize
(2013)
Grassl
and (2013)*
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Herbicides Fungicides InsecticidesGrowth regulators Molluscicides Soil sterilants
kg a
ctive
sub
stan
ce a
pplie
d/ha
gro
wn
Figure 31. UK pesticide average inputs per crop (including soil sterilants)
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Fera Pesticide Usage Survey
1989 1993 1997 2002 2005 2009 20130.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
Herbicides Fungicides InsecticidesGrowth regulators Molluscicides Seed treatments
kg a
ctive
sub
stan
ce a
pplie
d/ha
gro
wn
Figure 32. UK pesticide average inputs for maize
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Fera Pesticide Usage Survey
1989 1993 1997 2002 2005 2009 20130.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
Average total dose (kg a.s.) applied per hectareAverage number of products per hectareAverage dose (full label units) applied per hectare
Figure 33. UK herbicide use on maize
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Fera Pesticide Usage Survey
1989 1993 1997 2002 2005 2009 20130
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
Average total dose (kg a.s.) applied per hectareAverage number of products per hectareAverage dose (full label units) applied per hectare
Figure 34. UK insecticide use on maize
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Fera Pesticide Usage Survey
1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 20120
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Herbicides Fungicides Insecticides Growth regulators Molluscicides Seed treatments
kg a
ctive
sub
stan
ce a
pplie
d/ha
gro
wn
Figure 35. UK pesticide average inputs for wheat
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Fera Pesticide Usage Survey
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 20120
1
2
3
4
5
Average total dose (kg a.s.) applied per hectare Average number of products per hectare
Average dose (full label units) applied per hectare
Figure 36. UK herbicide use on wheat
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Fera Pesticide Usage Survey
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 20120
2
4
6
8
Average total dose (kg a.s.) applied per hectareAverage number of products per hectareAverage dose (full label units) applied per hectare
Figure 37. UK fungicide use on wheat
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Fera Pesticide Usage Survey
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 20120
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
Average total dose (kg a.s.) applied per hectareAverage number of products per hectareAverage dose (full label units) applied per hectare
Figure 38. UK insecticide use on wheat
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Fera Pesticide Usage Survey
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 20120.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
Average total dose (kg a.s.) applied per hectare Average number of products per hectareAverage dose (full label units) applied per hectare
Figure 39. UK molluscicide use on wheat
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Source: Fera Pesticide Usage Survey
1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 20100.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
Herbicides Fungicides InsecticidesGrowth regulators Molluscicides Seed treatments
kg a
ctive
sub
stan
ce a
pplie
d pe
r he
ctar
e gr
own
Figure 40. UK pesticide average inputs for oilseed rape
For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp
Acknowledgements
• Member Organisations of the Pesticides Forum and many others – provide data and analysis used in Indicators