From people to peopleFrom people to people
Seminar for Arab States on Seminar for Arab States on Community TelecentresCommunity Telecentres
Telecentre Implementation:Policy issues and institutional
roles
Seminar for Arab States on Seminar for Arab States on Community TelecentresCommunity Telecentres
Tunisia, March 22-24, 1999Tunisia, March 22-24, 1999Daniel Espitia Daniel Espitia
DNTADNTA
Policy issues and institutional Policy issues and institutional rolesroles
Agency’s Agency’s vision and vision and mission mission
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Vision of the Univ. Serv. AgencyVision of the Univ. Serv. Agency
The vision of the USA is to be the The vision of the USA is to be the world leader in promoting world leader in promoting universal access and universal universal access and universal service to telecommunications service to telecommunications and information services as an and information services as an empowerment vehicle for empowerment vehicle for disadvantaged communities.disadvantaged communities.
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Mission of the Univ. Serv. Mission of the Univ. Serv. AgencyAgency
Mission: The USA will promote Mission: The USA will promote affordable Universal Access and affordable Universal Access and Universal Service in Information Universal Service in Information and Communication Technologies and Communication Technologies for disadvantaged communities in for disadvantaged communities in South Africa, to facilitate South Africa, to facilitate development, empowerment and development, empowerment and economic growth.economic growth.
Policy issues and institutional Policy issues and institutional rolesroles
Clarify definitions Clarify definitions
Formulate general strategy Formulate general strategy
Implementation and Institutional Implementation and Institutional Tools Tools
Policy issues and institutional Policy issues and institutional rolesroles
Clarify Clarify Definitions Definitions
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Clarify definitionsClarify definitions
Universal Access Universal Access Universal ServiceUniversal Service Information and Communications Information and Communications
Technologies (ICTs)Technologies (ICTs) TelecentreTelecentre
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Universal Access & Service Universal Access & Service DefinitionDefinition
From: From: Universal Access to a telephone Universal Access to a telephone lineline
TO:TO:Universal Access to Information Universal Access to Information and Communications and Communications Technologies (ICTs)Technologies (ICTs)
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Universal Access & Service Universal Access & Service DefinitionDefinition
Universal Access as bridge to Universal Access as bridge to Universal ServiceUniversal Service
Universal Access still a major goal Universal Access still a major goal as far as access to ICTs, where as far as access to ICTs, where Telecentres play a major roleTelecentres play a major role
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
ICTs definitionICTs definition
Basic ServicesBasic Services
Additional ServicesAdditional Services
Value Added Network ServicesValue Added Network Services
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Telecentre DefinitionTelecentre Definition
Supply - Demand modelSupply - Demand model
Supply: Supply: “focus on technology”“focus on technology”
Demand: Demand: “focus on people, community, “focus on people, community,
& services”& services”
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Telecentre DefinitionTelecentre Definition
Supply - Demand modelSupply - Demand model
I love telecentres
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Telecentre DefinitionTelecentre Definition
Supply: focus on technologySupply: focus on technology
– Physical infrastructurePhysical infrastructure– Software infrastructureSoftware infrastructure– Humans able to “soft the hard”Humans able to “soft the hard”
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Telecentre DefinitionTelecentre Definition
Demand: focus on people, Demand: focus on people, community & servicescommunity & services
– social demand (need vs. demand) social demand (need vs. demand) – economic demandeconomic demand
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Telecentre DefinitionTelecentre Definition
Demand: focus on people, community Demand: focus on people, community & services& services
– Tele-servicesTele-services– Telecentre value added servicesTelecentre value added services– Telecentre value added network servicesTelecentre value added network services– Info-structureInfo-structure
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Telecentre Telecentre definitiondefinition
Supply DemandFocus on Technology Focus on communityTelecentre Technology Telecentre Value Added Services
Physical Infrastructure Infostructure
Backbone infrastructure of Telkom Electronic Commerce
Radio Network (GSM & Others) Tele-Education
Telecentre Hardware Tele-Medicine
Tele-Health
Government Information Systems
Software Infrastructure Systems -welfare
-pensions
Business and management systems -local government information
Operational systems and software -SALGA
Computer software applications Post Office
-SAPOS
-Public information terminal (PIT)
Human Capital/ Training Independent Electoral Commission
-Infrastructure sharing
Training in basic technical skills Banking
Training in management tools & systems -Grameen Bank
Process learning (learning institution) -Prosperity Bank
Telecentre
Policy issues and institutional Policy issues and institutional roles roles
Formulate Formulate strategystrategy
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Formulate general strategyFormulate general strategy
Logic Logic To abide by resources and To abide by resources and
constrains:constrains:
– political requirementspolitical requirements– legal frameworklegal framework– economic constrains economic constrains – existing management capacityexisting management capacity
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Formulate general strategyFormulate general strategy
Increase short term universal accessIncrease short term universal access
Separate policy, implementation, Separate policy, implementation, monitoring & evaluationmonitoring & evaluation
National programmes to further National programmes to further universal access & universal serviceuniversal access & universal service
Strengthen strategic policy making Strengthen strategic policy making
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Formulate general strategyFormulate general strategy
Increase short term universal accessIncrease short term universal access– ““smaller is cheaper is faster”smaller is cheaper is faster”– ““use what you have” (resources in place):use what you have” (resources in place):
other government departmentsother government departments private sectorprivate sector donor experience and fundingdonor experience and funding
– ““diversify” offer more than one type of diversify” offer more than one type of telecentretelecentre
– ““where there was chaos, let there be where there was chaos, let there be strategy…”strategy…”
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Formulate general strategyFormulate general strategy
(“diversify”) Telecentre models(“diversify”) Telecentre models– Tele-shopTele-shop– mini-Telecentremini-Telecentre– Standard TelecentreStandard Telecentre– Tele-HubTele-Hub– Multipurpose Community Telecentre Multipurpose Community Telecentre
(MCT)(MCT)– Rural Telephone Co-operatives (RTCs)Rural Telephone Co-operatives (RTCs)
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Formulate general strategyFormulate general strategy
Telecentre ModelsTelecentre Models
I love telecentres
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Formulate general strategyFormulate general strategy
Separation of functions: LogicSeparation of functions: Logic– Facilitate process of implementationFacilitate process of implementation– AccountabilityAccountability– Best use of resourcesBest use of resources– Find management and technical capacity Find management and technical capacity
where there iswhere there is– Promote private sector SME nowPromote private sector SME now– Promote other goalsPromote other goals
black empowerment, women empowermentblack empowerment, women empowerment
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Formulate general strategyFormulate general strategy
Separation of functions:Separation of functions:– policy making: for the agency and policy making: for the agency and
the regulatorthe regulator– field implementation: for small and field implementation: for small and
medium size entrepreneurs, and medium size entrepreneurs, and private sector organisationsprivate sector organisations
– financial monitoring & roll-out financial monitoring & roll-out evaluation: for specialised evaluation: for specialised accounting private sector companyaccounting private sector company
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Formulate general strategyFormulate general strategy
National programmesNational programmes– National programme for telecentre National programme for telecentre
value added services value added services
– National programme for ongoing National programme for ongoing national trainingnational training
– National programme for Rural National programme for Rural Telephone Co-operatives (RTCs)Telephone Co-operatives (RTCs)
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Formulate general strategyFormulate general strategy
Strengthen strategic policy making Strengthen strategic policy making
– strong liaison with regulatorstrong liaison with regulator– strengthen policy research and strengthen policy research and
initiativesinitiatives– strong partnership with private sectorstrong partnership with private sector– provide telecentre implementation planprovide telecentre implementation plan– rural telephone strategyrural telephone strategy– promote rural telephone co-operativespromote rural telephone co-operatives
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Formulate general strategyFormulate general strategy
Annual telecentre targetsAnnual telecentre targetsTelecentre Implementation Plan
Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5Fiscal Year
MiniTelecentres
TeleHubs
Standard Telecentres
MCTs
RTCs
Policy issues and institutional Policy issues and institutional rolesroles
Implementation Implementation and Institutional and Institutional
Tools Tools
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
ImplementationImplementation
Tele-shopTele-shop– Mobile Cellular Co: VodacomMobile Cellular Co: Vodacom– Other tele-shop concepts Other tele-shop concepts
Mini-Telecentre Mini-Telecentre – National franchise from private National franchise from private
sector concept owned by CSIR-USAsector concept owned by CSIR-USA
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
ImplementationImplementation
Standard TelecentreStandard Telecentre– Private Sector Implementation Co. Private Sector Implementation Co.
through legal tender processthrough legal tender process
Tele-HubTele-Hub– USA investment in concept and USA investment in concept and
prototype development with return prototype development with return expected in specific telecentre expected in specific telecentre deliverydelivery
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
ImplementationImplementation
Multipurpose Community Multipurpose Community Telecentres (MCTs)Telecentres (MCTs)– Donor funding channelled by the USADonor funding channelled by the USA– USOs and CSOs that USA will co-USOs and CSOs that USA will co-
ordinate along with SATRAordinate along with SATRA– USA building partnerships with other USA building partnerships with other
government institutions/depts.government institutions/depts.– USA building partnerships with the USA building partnerships with the
private sectorprivate sector
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
ImplementationImplementation
Rural Telephone Co-operatives Rural Telephone Co-operatives (RTCs) (RTCs) – Before Telkom exclusivity endsBefore Telkom exclusivity ends
Co-ordination of a national programme to Co-ordination of a national programme to promote RTCs, develop policy requirements, promote RTCs, develop policy requirements, develop models and prototypes, educate develop models and prototypes, educate communities in preparation, prepare for the communities in preparation, prepare for the monitoring and evaluation of RTCs.monitoring and evaluation of RTCs.
Promotion and co-ordination with private Promotion and co-ordination with private sector initiativessector initiatives
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
ImplementationImplementation
Rural Telephone Co-operatives Rural Telephone Co-operatives (RTCs) (RTCs) – After Telkom exclusivity endsAfter Telkom exclusivity ends
Assist communities with implementation Assist communities with implementation and trainingand training
Assist private sector companiesAssist private sector companies Assist Telecentres that want to upgrade Assist Telecentres that want to upgrade
to RTCs within their communitiesto RTCs within their communities
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Organisational adjustmentsOrganisational adjustments
Policy issues and institutional roles Policy issues and institutional roles
Organisational adjustmentsOrganisational adjustments