Download - Gilded Age PPTs
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Do now: Answer the following question in a fullsentence in your composition notebook.
Who were the 3 groups of people who were moving West afterthe Civil War that you read about last class?
A. Miners, ranchers and farmers
B. Ranchers, farmers and factor workers
C. Immigrants, miners and ranchers
D. Farmers, women and immigrants
EXAMPLE: The 3 groups of people moving West after the Civil War were___________________________________________________________.
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1. MINERS: New western towns developed quickly, but ghosttowns were left behind when the gold ran out.
2. RANCHERS: The railroad changed the ranching businessforever, because ranchers could now ship meat from theWest to the East.
3. FARMERS: Farmers succeeded in creating new technology,but many moved back East because of bad weatherconditions.
Explore
main takeaways
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Explain
Notes: pull of the west
WHY: Settlers, miners, andranchers went west to makemoney and/or have a fresh start.
HOW:
Homestead Act: 160 acres of free
land was given to settlers whocommitted to building a home onthe land, live there, and work theland for at least 5 years.
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Explain
Notes: pull of the west
HOW:
Dawes Act: NativeAmerican reservationlands were broken up andgiven to the U.S.government and railroadcompanies. Indian tribeslost almost 2/3 of theirlands.
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Explain
Notes: pull of the west
HOW:
Railroad industry:Congress offeredrailroads land grants and
loans so the railroadscould settle westernlands and turn smalltowns into major cities.
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Elaborate
going west vs. moving
Settlers, ranchers and miners went west to makemoney and/or have a fresh start. They were ableto move west because the governmentestablished the Homestead Act and the DawesAct and helped the railroad industry.
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Extend
cause and effect
CAUSE EFFECT
Miners: Gold is discovered and more
settlers move west.
Farmers: There was little rainfall on
the plains and winter very harsh on
crops.
Ranchers: The transcontinental
railroad connected the west to the
east.
Small western towns became big
cities.
Farmers moved back east because the
weather made it too difficult to
maintain crops.
Meat could now be sold to the
east via the railroad.
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Explore: Industrialization
INDUSTRIALIZATION
The growth of
industry (creating
goods and services)
PICTURE
The US experienced
extreme
industrialization during
the Gilded Age.
MODERN DAY:
What are 3 examples of
industrializedcountries?
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Explore: Entrepreneurs
ENTREPRENEURS PICTURE
People who take
risks to begin new
businesses
Gilded Age
entrepreneurs made
money from oil, steel
and the railroad.
MODERN DAY:
Who are a few famous
entrepreneurs?
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Explore: Monopoly
MONOPOLY PICTURE
Exclusive possession
or control of the
supply of a good or
service
Some entrepreneurs
made money by
creating a monopoly
on one good/service.
MODERN DAY:Do you think there are any
monopolies that existtoday? If so, what company?
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Explore: Laissez-Faire
LAISSEZ-FAIRE PICTURE
Government doesnt
interfere with
businesses, trade or
the market
Gilded Age bosses
wanted a laissez-faire
government so they
could profit.
MODERN DAY:
Does the U.S. have a
laissez-faire policy withbusiness now?
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Explain: Gilded Age EntrepreneursCORNELIUS VANDERBILT
Started his ownsteamship company,eventually controllingHudson River (NewYork) traffic
Provided the firstRAILROAD servicebetween New Yorkand Chicago
JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER
Founded theSTANDARD OILCOMPANY
His monopoly
controlled nearlyall of the countrysoil-refiningcapacity
ANDREW CARNEGIE
Started by working for therailroad & investing hismoney in oil
Created his own STEELCOMPANY & bought all the
companies he needed toproduce the steel
Big on philanthropy (givingmoney to charities)
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DO NOW:In your composition notebook, answer these 2 multiple choice questions inFULL SENTENCES.1. What is industrialization?
A. The movement of people from rural areas to urban areas
B. An increase in the amount of money in the economy
C. The growth of industry
D. A decline in the creation of goods and services
2. What Gilded Age entrepreneur made his riches in the oil business?
A. Andrew CarnegieB. John Rockefeller
C. Cornelius Vanderbilt
D. Henry Bessemer
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Is Industrialization Good or Bad?Put a (+) next to an effect if you think it is positive. Put a (-) next to an effect if you think it is negative.EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION
1. Huge profits for the captains of industry (Rockefeller, Carnegie, etc.)
2. United States becomes a manufacturing giant in the world
3. Immigration and migration: people began to migrate [move] to the cities forjobs
4. Urbanization: cities grew [urbanization], so there was an increase in crime,poverty, poor living conditions, bad sanitation, disease
5. Philanthropy of some industrialists
6. Growth of labor unions
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Extend: Labor UnionsLabor unions: an organized group of workersformed to protect and further their rights andinterestsPeople formed labor unions in the early 1900s
because they wanted better pay, shorter hours,and better conditions
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Explore: Weird Inventions?Patent # 174-465
Considered a very strange patent forits time
At the time, the inventor didnt evenknow what to do with it
It could be used to blend voices of
singing groups Led to increased production and
urbanization
Alexander Graham BellsTELEPHONE!
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Explain: Gilded Age Inventions (TEST!) TYPEWRITER: more women entered the work force
ELECTRIC POWER: Thomas Edisons worked on a localcurrent, Nikola Tesla worked on a long distance current
vs.
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Why were steel, electricity, and the telephone so importantfor industry during the Gilded Age? How did they changepeoples lives? How did they allow people to move to cities?
Steel allowed skyscrapers to be built and railroad tracksto be laid
Telephone instant communication allowed people to
conduct business over large areas Electricity factories could run day and night with light
bulbs, which increased productivity and the electricgenerator powered the factory machines
Explain: Gilded Age Inventions
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Do Now:Answerthese2questionsinyournotebookinFULL SENTENCES!1. The typewriter made it
possible (Choose the bestanswer)
A. To have new jobs for men
B. For women to enter theskilled labor force
C. To have a higher wageD. To work longer during the
day
2. The telephone by AlexanderGraham Bell was:
A. An invention that didntcatch the publics eye
B. As good as it is today
C. Desired by businesses, they
thought it was indispensableD. Sold to another company
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OPTIMISM:
PULLING immigrants to America
REALITY:
Life in AmericaJob opportunities
Reunited with family members
More advanced technology
Democratic government
**No military serviceDangerous living conditions
Overworked: 12 hours/day
Unsafe working conditions
Death of family members and friends
Underpaid: $7-$8/day or $5/week
**Nativism
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NATIVISM: favoring native-born people; anti-immigrants
EX: Ku Klux Klan
XENOPHOBIA: irrational dislike or fear of people fromother countries
EX: Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
Explore: Immigrant Experience (TEST!)
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Explain: Urbanization**Tenement apartments: poorly built and cramped apartments in large cities;the result of extreme urbanization & thousands of people moving to the east
Many working class families had to rent out part of their living space. Livingconditions were made worse as people crowded together.
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Elaborate: Urbanization POLITICAL MACHINES: organization controlled by a boss and
supported by workers (immigrants), who received rewards for theirefforts
**When new immigrants arrived at Ellis Island, members politicalmachines were often the first to meet them
**Accepted bribes in return for favors
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Some people justified why some people became very wealthy and some
stayed very poor. The philosophy came from Charles Darwins ideas ofevolution.
Ideas of the Social Darwinists were:
If things dont adapt, it will die out (like the dinosaurs).
Any person through hard work could become wealthy and
powerful
**Let strong companies prosper, and let weak companies goout of business
Extend: Urbanization (TEST!)
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Extend: Urbanization (TEST!)Most people believed that poverty was caused by laziness,alcoholism or irresponsibility.
Social Gospel Movement: religious movement that believedpeople should apply their religious values to improve theindustrialized society and help the deserving poor
Who is one industrialist we talked about in class whobelieved in the Social Gospel Movement?
ANDREW CARNEGIE
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Explore: Government in the Gilded AgeQ: What was the governments attitude toward business at thebeginning of the Gilded Age?
A: Laissez-faire: Government doesnt interfere with businesses,trade or the market
Q: Who did laissez-faire favor?A: Laissez faire favored Gilded Age bosses and entrepreneurs(Vanderbilt, Carnegie, Rockefeller)
Q: Was this beneficial for society as a whole? Why?A: No, because bosses could take advantage of their employees.
Q: So, what is going to happen next?A: The government will intervene to try to solve the problem.