Grammar Notes
Unit 4 Week 6
Please take out your notes for your studies in Grammar …
Grammar Notes
Week 6
Parts of Speech
NounsVerbsVerbals
REVIEW
Personal Pronouns Antecedent
Personal pronouns stand in for nouns. They’re like stuntmen. When nouns feel overworked, they call for pronouns—words like he, it, she, we they, and so on.
The noun to which the pronoun refers is called the antecedent.
Pronouns !!!
Squiggly was late. He forgot to set the alarm.
The tree fell because it had been attacked by bugs.
Grammar girl is happy because she remembered to bring an eraser.
Pronouns are VITAL~~~~~~~~~
Pronouns are vital. Try not using one for an hour, and you’ll see. I use them constantly as you can tell by these sentences.
Because pronouns come in different shapes and are used for different reasons some official grammar language is necessary. Ready?????
-----” We will speak on this further” (Macbeth I.6)
Grammar Matters ------
Please take out your notes for your studies in Grammar …
Grammar Notes
Week 6
Parts of Speech
NounsVerbsVerbalsPronouns
Pronouns stand in for nouns, their antecedents.
REVIEW
Pronouns are VITAL~~~~~~~~~
Pronouns are vital. Try not using one for an hour, and you’ll see. I use them constantly as you can tell by these sentences.
Because pronouns come in different shapes and are used for different reasons some official grammar language is necessary. Ready?????
Pronouns are bunched together in three cases. (I do not know why the word “case” is used. Categories would work just as well, but off icially they are called cases. Think of each case like a suitcase; it packs all the similar pronouns together.
Pronouns and Their Cases
Pronouns in Their SuitcasesPERSON SUBJUNCTIVE
CASEOBJECTIVE CASE
POSSESSIVE CASE (weak/strong)
1ST PERSON I Me My/Mine
2ND PERSON You You You/Yours
3RD PERSON - female
She Her Her/Hers
3RD PERSON - male
He Him His/His
3RD PERSON - neutral
It It Its/Its
1ST PERSON (plural)
We Us Our/Ours
2ND PERSON(plural)
You You Your/Yours
3RD PERSON(plural)
They Them Their/Theirs
INTERROGATIVE
Who Whom Whose
The doer of the action; the one who acts
Subjunctive Case
She ate fi fty hot dogs.
(She did the eating, so she’s taking the action.)
The receiver of the action; the one who sits back and lets it all happen to her (or him).
Objective Case
The judge gave her the prize.
(Her received the prize and is the receiver of the action.)
Shows ownership
Possessive Case
Her dog threw up on my shoes.
(Her indicates the dog belongs to a previously mentioned female.)
Grammar Matters ------
Please take out your notes for your studies in Grammar …
Grammar Notes
Week 6
NOUNSVERBSVERBALS
PRONOUNS
REVIEW
Subjunctive
Objective
Possessive
Pronouns in Their SuitcasesPERSON SUBJUNCTIVE
CASEOBJECTIVE CASE
POSSESSIVE CASE (weak/strong)
1ST PERSON I Me My/Mine
2ND PERSON You You You/Yours
3RD PERSON - female
She Her Her/Hers
3RD PERSON - male
He Him His/His
3RD PERSON - neutral
It It Its/Its
1ST PERSON (plural)
We Us Our/Ours
2ND PERSON(plural)
You You Your/Yours
3RD PERSON(plural)
They Them Their/Theirs
INTERROGATIVE
Who Whom Whose
Second Person
Third Limited
Point of View
Third Omniscient
First Person
Point of View
First Person Tells the story from the point of view of the person who is talking. You’re being told the story by one person, and you’re in that person’s mind.
I often wonder what my dog is thinking.
Second Person
Point of View
Directs the text to you, the reader. It’s usually used in nonfiction, such as these notes.
Try not using a pronoun for an hour. See if you can.
Third Person
Third Limited
Point of View
Third Omniscient
Observes the story from the outside. The narrator can let you know what is happening in different people’s thoughts and can follow different characters (omniscient) or just one character (limited).
Sarah hates cats, so she was surprised to find one in her room.
NOTE:Author’s write novels in first person or in third – they RARELY use second ;) .
Grammar Matters ------
Please take out your notes for your studies in Grammar …
Grammar Notes
Week 6
I I …
is always and only a subject pronoun.
you …can stand in
for a subject or an object!!!
me … is always
and only a object pronoun.
you me
I threw the beach
ball.
You threw the beach ball.
Squiggly threw me.
Squiggly
threw you.
NOTEYou also fills in for one person or many people (i.e., it’s a singular and a plural pronoun). I say “You should go to Disneyland,” I could be talking to one person or to a group of people. You should be standing in for Squiggly alone, or Squiggle, Aardvark and their families.
Grammar Matters ------