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Hand
• Bones• Joints• Muscles• Vessels & Nerves
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Muscles of the hand
• Extrinsic muscles- flexors of fingers- extensors of fingers- long muscles of the thumb
• Intrinsic muscles- thenar region - hypothenar region - intermediate region
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Extrinsic muscles
• flexors of fingers:- Flexor digitorum superficialis- Flexor digitorum profundus
• extensors of fingers:- Extensor digitorum- Extensor digiti minimi- Extensor indicis
• long muscles of the thumb:- Flexor pollicis longus
- Abductor pollicis longus - Extensor pollicis brevis - Extensor pollicis longus
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Intrinsic muscles
• Thenar region:- Abductor pollicis brevis - Flexor pollicis brevis - Opponens pollicis
• Hypothenar region:- Abductor digiti minimi - Flexor digiti minimi brevis - Opponens digiti minimi
• Intermediate region:- Lumbricals
- Adductor pollicis- Interossei
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Extrinsic muscles (flexors)
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Long flexors of fingers
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Flexor tendon insertion
Action:flexion in MP&IP jointsHow can we flex just MP?
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Muscles of the Anterior Compartment of the Forearm
• Superficial:
Pronator TeresFlexor Carpi RadialisPalmaris Longus Flexor Digitorum SuperficialisFlexor Carpi Ulnaris
• Superficial:
Pronator TeresFlexor Carpi RadialisPalmaris Longus Flexor Digitorum SuperficialisFlexor Carpi Ulnaris
• Deep:
Flexor Digitorum ProfondusFlexor Pollicis LongusPronator Quadratus
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Extrinsic muscles (extensors)
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Extrinsic muscles
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Anatomic snuffbox
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Anatomic Snuffbox
• Extensor pollicis brevis/Abductor pollicis longus
• Extensor pollicis longus• Scaphoid• Radial a
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Extensor tendon insertion
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Post.Compartment m.Superficial:Brachioradialis
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Digiti Minimi
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Anconeus
Deep:Supinator
Abductor Pollicis Longus
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
Extensor Pollicis Longus
Extensor Indicis
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Intrinsic muscles
• Thenar region:- Abductor pollicis brevis - Flexor pollicis brevis - Opponens pollicis
• Hypothenar region:- Abductor digiti minimi - Flexor digiti minimi brevis - Opponens digiti minimi
• Intermediate region:- Lumbricals
- Adductor pollicis- Interossei
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Intrinsic muscles
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origin:1. flex. retinaculum
Insertion:1- deep attaches to Metacarpal2- superficial to P. Phalanx
henar & hypothenar muscles
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Trap. tubercle
Scapho. tubercle
Pisifo.
Ham. hook
2. Origin of thenar & hypothenar muscles
thenar & hypothenar muscles
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Intrinsic muscles
• Thenar region:- Abductor pollicis brevis - Flexor pollicis brevis - Opponens pollicis
• Hypothenar region:- Abductor digiti minimi - Flexor digiti minimi brevis - Opponens digiti minimi
• Intermediate region:- Adductor pollicis-Lumbricals
-Interossei
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Intermediate regionAdductor pollicis
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Function: Dab
Intermediate regionDorsal Interossei
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Function: Pad
Intermediate regionPalmar Interossei
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Function: MP flex. !
Intermediate regionlumbricals
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Intermediate region muscles insertion: Extensor hood
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Extensor & flexor mechanism
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Tendon insertion
Action:•pad/dab•Flexion in MP and extension in IP joints
How can we flex just MP?
Function: MP flex.