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Harvard Medical School
MENTORING: A Crisis in Surgical Education
Christopher C. Baker, M.D.
Isidore Cohn, Jr. Professor of Surgery
Chair, Department of Surgery
LSU Health Sciences Center
New Orleans, LA
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MENTORSHIP
OUTLINE
• Characteristics of good mentors• Current educational challenges• Strategies and solutions• Lessons from 30 years in academic surgery
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Mentor
Trusted friend and advisor to Ulysses.
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Characteristics of a Good Mentor
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• Wise and fair
• Patient and
constructive
• Objective and
tough (as needed)
William J. Baker, MD (1915-1993)
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• Able to set goals
& ensure success
for mentees
• Altruistic-puts
trainee’s needs
ahead of one’s own
George F. Sheldon, MD, FACS
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• Flexible and
caring
• Available and
enthusiastic
Surgical Nurse Leaders @ UNC, 2003
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You Find Mentors in Unexpected Places
Master Jewell AllenSixth Degree Black Belt
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Roles of a Mentor
Teacher
Counselor
Coach
Trainer
Role Model
Sponsor
Advisor
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Priorities for Mentors
• Be patient and flexible.
• Give constructive feedback.
• Be readily available to mentees.
• Be a good role model.
• Maintain your self-awareness
• Don’t neglect your own career development.
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Professionalism for Residents
• Avoid dishonesty in all forms.• Get out of bed, see the patient, & document it.• Take care of paperwork in a timely fashion.• Be on time for cases, clinic, & conferences.• Avoid conflict in the chart & in public arenas.
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Maintain Resident Esprit de Corps
LSU—December, 2009
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Educational Challenges
• Duty hours restrictions• Information overload• Trainee debt obligations• Measures of competency• Government regulations
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Impact of Duty Hours
• Lack of continuity of care• Ineffective hand-offs at change of shift• Ownership of patients by residents• Development of “shift mentality”• Erosion of the team concept
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Impact of Duty Hours
• Interferes with ability to follow a disease process in a longitudinal fashion
• Reduces consistent interactions between residents and attending staff
• Decreases opportunities for mentoring
• Lowers chances to model professionalism
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Educational Strategies
• Stress independent life-long learning.• Disease-centered approaches to patients• Encourage multi-disciplinary collaboration.• Promote effective mentoring.
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Educational Solutions
• Offer training in simulation centers• Encourage flexibility• Emphasize problem-solving skills• Promote autonomy in decision-making
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“If you keep practicing
a mistake, you’ll get really
good – at the mistake.”
- Benjamin Pang Jeng Lo
T’ai Chi Ch’uan Master
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Challenges in Mentoring
• Balancing nurturing and toughness
• Career guidance for senior residents
• Mentoring junior faculty
• Providing mentorship for future leaders
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When faced by challenges,
Sometimes you just have to…
JUMP IN !
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Lake Winnepesaukee, NH
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“There are some things about swinging a cat by the tail that you can learn ONLY by swinging a cat by the tail.”
- Mark Twain
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Lessons I’ve learned from
30 years in Academic Surgery
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TREASURE YOUR
COLLEAGUES
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NC Trauma Directors
Chapel Hill, 6/2004
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Samir Fakhry, M. D. Former Partner & Long-time Friend
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NURTURE YOUR
FAMILIES
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DEVELOP AN
AVOCATION
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Maintain Balance in Your Personal& Professional Life
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Conclusions
• Good mentors are key for training residents.
• Pay it forward .
• Today’s trainees are tomorrow’s mentors .
• Mentorship is a life-long journey .