Download - Horacio Hugo Huarte compiled Nunca Más, Unit 4 Truth and Justice · 2019. 6. 28. · "Valseana" by Sergio Assad Instructions for Lesson I. Prologue to Nunca Más Arthur Shapiro says,

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Unit4TruthandJusticeIntroductionBythe1980’sthejuntafacedscrutinyforcorruptionandhumanrightsabuses.Inanefforttosidetrackglobalanddomesticattention,thegovernmentattemptedtoreclaimtheFalklandIslands,LasIslasMalvinas,fromtheBritish.AssumingtheBritishwouldn’tinvestmuchefforttosavetheislandswasamiscalculationthateventuallyledtothefalloftheregime.RaulAlfonsín’sciviliangovernmentreplacedthemilitaryjuntainDecember,1983.Alfonsíntookoveronthe10thofDecemberandcreatedCONADEP(LaComisiónNacionalsobrelaDesaparicióndePersonas)onDecember15.Alfonsínwantedtoidentifythosewhoplannedandissuedorders,thosewhofollowedorders,andthosewhocarriedorderstoexcess.ErnestoSabato,RicardoColombres,RenéFavaloro,HilarioFernándezLong,CarlosT.Gattinoni,GregorioKlimovsky,RabbiMarshallMeyer,BishopJaimedeNevares,EduardoRabossi,MagdalenaRuizGuiñazú,SantiagoMarcelinoLópez,HugoDiógenesPiucillandHoracioHugoHuartecompiledNuncaMás,“…acomprehensivecatalogueofcontemporarysavagery.”(Shapiro)InUnit4TruthandJustice,studentswillexaminehowArgentinabegantohealfromthetraumaofElProceso,thedirtywarthatterrorizedthecountryfrom1976-1983,byresearchingprimaryandsecondarysourcedocuments.EssentialQuestionsforLessonsI-III

• Howcanweuseprimarysourcedocumentstolearnaboutthepast?• Whatcauseshumanbeingstoterrorizeotherhumanbeings?• Howdotraumatizednationsbegintoheal?• Istruthbasedonone’sperception?• Whatistheprocessofuncoveringsecrettruths?• Whydogovernmentpoliciestowardshumanrightsabusechangeovertime?

ObjectivesStudentswill:• readandanalyzetheprologuetoNuncaMásbyErnestoSábato


• tracethehumanrightspoliciesfromtheAlfonsíntoKirchnergovernments• conductamocktrialofArgentinehumanrightscriminals

LessonIProloguetoNuncaMás

A. Materials

a. NuncaMás-ReportofNationalCommissionontheDisappearanceofPersons(CONADEP),1984http://www.desaparecidos.org/nuncamas/web/english/library/nevagain/nevagain_001.htm

B. ActivitySheetsa. Unit4LessonIProloguetoNuncaMás

C. SuggestedReadingsa. Gareau,FrederickH.Argentina'sDirtyWarexcerptedfromthebookStateTerrorismandthe

UnitedStatesFromCounterinsurgencytotheWaronTerrorism.ClarityPress,2004www.thirdworldtraveler.com/Terrorism/Argentina_STATUS.html

b. Shapiro,Arthur,“NuncaMás:thereportoftheArgentineNationalCommissionontheDisappeared.”TheNewLeader.69(Oct.20,1986):p.17

c. Zaretsky,Natasha.“NeverAgain:TheLegacyofNuncaMásandthePromiseofTruthinDemocraticArgentina.”GenocideChronicles,Wordpress.https://genocidechronicles.wordpress.com/2015/02/15/never-again-the-legacy-of-nunca-mas-and-the-promise-of-truth-in-democratic-argentina/

D. Assessmentsa. Activitysheetresponsesb. Discussionsc. Researchskills

E. ExtensionActivitiesa. ListentotheKristaTippittplaylistofsongsdedicatedtohumanrights.OnBeing

http://www.onbeing.org/program/laying-dead-rest/playlist/967?embed=1

"Desaparecidos"byDenisPlante"Tacuba:12/12"bytheKronosQuartet"MothersoftheDisappeared"byTheVitiminStringQuartet"MothersoftheDisappeared"byU2"Pequena"byMercedesSosa"SeraPosibleelSur"byMercedesSosa

• "WashingtonBullets"byTheClash• "VictorJara'sHands"byCalexico• "TheHandsofVictorJara"byChuck

Brodsky"Sombras"byHectorIvanGarcia"Valseana"bySergioAssad

InstructionsforLessonI.ProloguetoNuncaMásArthurShapirosays,“ReadersofNuncaMáswillcomeawayrevolted,shakenandultimatelynumbedbytherepetitiousnesswithwhichthebarbarismisinventoried,yetunenlightenedastohowitallcametopass.”Theprologue,writtenbyErnestoSábato,discussestheCommission’stask,peoplewhowerevulnerabletohumanrightsviolationsfrom1976-1983,andthereactionoftherepressorstoinvestigations.TheCommissionalsoconsideredtheneedfortruthandjusticeasopposedtovindictivenessorvengeance.However,Sábato’sprologue,consideredbymanytobecontroversial,wasrewrittenundercurrentPresidentCristinaFernándezdeKirchner.Inthislesson,studentswillanalyzetheprologuetolearnabouttheCommission’stask,humanrights,truth,justice,andwhythisdocumentiscontroversial.


Step1InitiatetheactivitybydiscussingoneormorequoteswrittenbyErnestoSábato.

1. “Thiswentfarbeyondwhatmightbeconsideredcriminaloffences,andtakesusintotheshadowyrealmofcrimesagainsthumanity.”

2. “AfeelingofcompletevulnerabilityspreadthroughoutArgentinesociety,coupledwiththefearthatanyone,howeverinnocent,mightbecomeavictimofthenever-endingwitch-hunt.”

3. “Itwassimplythatthe‘anti-subversive’struggle,likeallhuntsagainstwitchesorthosepossessed,hadbecomeadementedgeneralizedrepression,andtheword‘subversive’itselfcametobeusedwithavastandvaguerangeofmeaning.”

Step2AssignProloguetoNuncaMásforhomework.StudentswillcompleteactivitysheetUnit4ActivitySheetI.ProloguetoNuncaMás.Step3.Studentswillshareresponsestohomeworkactivitysheetinwholeclassdiscussion.


LessonIIPresidentialHumanRightsAbusePolicies1983-2014

A. Materialsa. Internetb. Schoollibraryc. MarkersandposterboardforLessonIIwallchart

B. ActivitySheetsa. Unit4LessonIIPresidentialHumanRightsAbusePolicies1983-2014

C. SuggestedReadingsa. TheLatinAmericanGovernmentDocumentsArchive(LAGDA)

http://lanic.utexas.edu/project/archives/lagda/b. TheU.S.DepartmentofState’sHumanRightsReport

http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/D. Assessments

a. Activitysheetresponsesb. Discussionsc. Groupparticipationd. Researchusingprimaryandsecondarysources

E. ExtensionActivitiesa. ListentoCharlyGarciasing“LosDinosaurios,”asongaboutthemilitaryjunta.

http://letras.com/charly-garcia/197557/

InstructionsforLessonIIPresidentialHumanRightsAbusePolicies1983-2014

Step1Dividetheclassintogroupsforacollaborativeresearchactivity.DirectstudentstotheinternettoresearchhumanrightspoliciescreatedbytheArgentinepresidentsfrom1983to2014.Assigneachgroupapresidenttoresearch.

• RaúlAlfonsisn1983-1989• CarlosMenem1989-1999• FernandodelaRúa1999-2001• NéstorKirchner2003-2007• CristinaFernándezdeKirchner2011-present

Step2CreateachartfortheclassroomwallfeaturingthePresident,datesinoffice,andpoliciesrelatedtohumanrights.

NotetoteachersThisinformationwillalsobeusedforLessonIIITheJuntaonTrial.


LessonIIITheJuntaonTrial

A. Materialsa. Internetb. Listofspecialprojectsandtestimonialsc. ReadingsfromUnitsI,II,IIIandresourcesintheschoollibrary

B. ActivitySheetsa. Unit4LessonIIITheJuntaonTrial

C. SuggestedReadingsa. "Largesttrialof'DirtyWar'crimesstartsinArgentina."BBCNews28Nov2012.

http://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-20523955Linkstomorearticlesaboutthetrial.

b. Speck,PaulaK.“TheTrialoftheArgentineJunta:ResponsibilitiesandRealities”TheUniversityofMiamiInter-AmericanLawReview,Vol.18,No.3(Spring,1987),pp.491-534

D. Assessmentsa. Activitysheetresponsesb. Discussionsc. Mocktrialresearchandparticipation

E. ExtensionActivitiesa. Suggestedresearch/essaytopics

i. ComparetheArgentineDirtyWarwithHitler’sNaziGermanyii. Crimesagainsthumanityandgenocidetrials:spotlightonGuatemalaandChile.

b. ReadaboutlessonstobelearnedfromtheDirtyWari. UNSecretary-GeneralBanKi-moon(2011)hasurgedthatthelessonslearnedfrom

Argentina’sturnfromdictatorshiptodemocracybeappliedtoNorthAfrica,theMiddleEastandSyria.

ii. BBCNews-Argentina'sDirtyWarlessonsfortheworldhttps://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-15736895

iii. FiveLessonsBushFiveLessonsBushLearnedfromArgentina'sDirtyWarandFiveLessonsfortheRestofUshttp://upsidedownworld.org/main/argentina-archives-32/160-five-lessons-bush-learned-from-argentinas-dirty-war-and-five-lessons-for-the-rest-of-us

c. Organizeadebate:Werethehumanrightsatrocitiesadirtywarorgenocide?InstructionsforLessonIIITheJuntaonTrialArrangeaclasstrialinwhichpoliticalfiguresfromElProcesoaretriedforcrimesagainsthumanity.Studentswilluseprimarysourcedocuments,testimonialsandnewspapers.Ifthetrialisfictionalized,studentscanincludecharactersfromliteratureandfilm.Step1Organizetheclassbygroups.Suggestedrolesforactors:


ChildrenofthedisappearedGovernmentofficialsPrisonguardsExiledandcensoredcitizensFormervictimsHumanrightsrepresentativesHistoriansJudge

JuryLawyersMilitaryofvariousranksPsychiatristRabbis,bishop,priestsReporters/JournalistsWitnesses

Step2Provideclasstimeforgroupsto:

• researchinthelibraryoronline• organizeroles,preparescripts,costumesandvisuals

Thejudgeshouldcoordinatethesequenceofeventsduringthetrial,monitorspeedofthetrial,provideintroductoryandconcludingstatements.TheJuntaonTrialiswellsuitedformid-termorendoftheyearperformancebasedassessments.NotetotheteacherTeachersmaywanttoshowtheaward-winningmovie,TheOfficialStory,orImaginingArgentinatostudentstohelpthemenvisionArgentinaduringtheDirtyWar.TheJuntaonTrialisanappropriateactivityforalargeclass.Unit3AVisitfromtheOASmaybebettersuitedforsmallerclasses.


SpecialProjectsMemoriaAbiertahttp://www.memoriaabierta.org.arMemoria Abierta preserves, recuperates, catalogues, and diffuses the documentary collections of the humanrightsorganizationsthatcompriseMemoriaAbiertaaswellasprivatearchivesrelatedtoStateterrorism.Atthesametime,MemoriaAbiertaproducesdocumentarysourcesandtestimoniesthatallowforadeepeningoftheknowledgeabouttheperiodofpoliticalviolenceinArgentina.(EnglishandSpanish)“NuncaMas:ReportofConadep(NationalCommissionontheDisappearanceofPersons).”EditorialUniversitariadeBuenosAiresandWritersandScholarsInternationalLtd3.Dec.2014.http://www.desaparecidos.org/arg/eng.htmlSitebreaksdownArgentineDirtyWarintosectionsthatinclude:TheRepression,TheVictims,TheJudiciaryduringtheRepression,CreationandOrganizationoftheNationalCommissionontheDisappeared,TheDoctrineontheDisappeared,andRecommendationsandConclusions.Subsectionsincludetestimonialsthatcorrespondtothesectiontopic.(EnglishandSpanish)OldLymetoBuenosAires:TheExperiencesofaDistinguishedFulbrightTeacher2013https://jsmanfredi.wordpress.com/resources/BlogbyConnecticuthighschoolteacher,andFulbrightscholar,JeanneManfredi.ExploreseffortsbyvariousorganizationstopreserveArgentina'scollectivememoryaroundthedictatorshipfrom1976-1983.Documentsfirsthandexperienceswithcollectivememory.Includeslinkstoarticles,movies,andspecialprojects.ExcellentresourceontheMadresdelaPlazadeMayo.“ProyectoDesaparecidos”3.Dec.2014.Web.http://www.desaparecidos.org/arg/FocusonLosDesaparecidosofArgentinaandcontainslinkstobackgroundinformation,documents,essays,testimonialsetc.onthetopic.SiteisinSpanishandEnglish,containssomepictures.http://www.desaparecidos.org/arg/eng.html“TheVanishedGallery”3.Dec.2014.Web.http://www.yendor.com/vanished/index.htmlFocusonLosDesaparecidosofArgentina.Includeslinkstoinformationaboutthevictims,thepeopleresponsibleforcrimesagainsthumanity,CONADEP,andhumanrightsorganizations.(English)PreparedbyJustinCampos,BranfordHighSchool,2015


TestimonialsBarrionuevo,Alexie.Daugherof'DirtyWar'Raisedbythemanwhokilledherparents.TheNewYorkTimes.8Oct2011.Web.http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/09/world/americas/argentinas-daughter-of-dirty-war-raised-by-man-who-killed-her-parents.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0Afternearlytenyearsofincessantsearchingbyhumanrightsgroups,DNAtestinganddenial,VictoriaMontenegrodiscoversthatthemanshebelievedwasherfatherwasactuallythemilitaryColonelwhomurderedherparents,stoleher,andillegallymadeherhisownchild.Montenegro'sstoryaboutlife,loss,betrayal,andtrust.EsteladeCarlotto,aGuido:"Estoysonrientetodoeltiempo,porculpatuya".LaNación.www.lanacion.com.ar/1731822-estela-de-carlotto-a-guido-estoy-sonriente-todo-el-tiempo-por-culpa-tuyaEsteladeCarlotto,headoftheAbuelasdePlazadeMayo,andhergrandsonGuidodiscussthehappinessoftheirreunion.Spanish.Forero,Juan.Argentina'sdirtyWarStillHauntsYoungestVictims.NationalPublicRadio27Feb2010http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=124125440AlejandroReidiscoversthathewasaDirtyWarorphan.Goldman,Francisco."ChildrenoftheDirtyWar:Argentina'sStolenOrphans."NewYorker.19Mar2012.Web.http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2012/03/19/children-of-the-dirty-war.StoryofChichaMarianiandtheAbuelasdePlazadeMayowhofoundstolen/disappearedchildrenofthewarandreturnedthemtotheirbiologicalfamilies/relatives.Goñi,UkiAgrandmother's36-yearhuntforthechildstolenbytheArgentinianjunta.TheGuardian7June2015.www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jun/07/grandmothers-of-plaza-de-mayo-36-year-hunt-for-stolen-childSims,Calvin.“ArgentineTellsofDumping'DirtyWar'CaptivesIntoSea.”NewYorkTimes.13Mar1995.http://www.nytimes.com/1995/03/13/world/argentine-tells-of-dumping-dirty-war-captives-into-sea.htmlDetailsandexplainsthe"deathflights,"whichoccurredduringtheDirtyWar,andspecificallydiscussestheexperiencesofformerNavycommanderAdolfoFranciscoScilingo.Sutterud,Tone.“I'machildofArgentina'sdisappeared.”TheGuardian.27Dec2014.www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2014/dec/27/child-argentinas-disappeared-new-family-identity?CMP=fb_guJorgelinaMolinaPlanasreclaimedherlostidentityatage26.ShegrewupinArgentinaasCarolinaMaríaSala,namedbyheradoptiveparents.Herbiologicalfatherwasshotdeadandhermotherdisappearedin1977.Thompson,Wright.“WhiletheWorldWatched.”ESPN.9Jun.2014.Web.http://www.espn.go.com/espn/feature/story/_/id/11036214/while-world-watched-world-cup-brings-back-memories-argentina-dirty-warDiscussesthegovernment’sinvolvementineveryaspectofArgentinesociety,specificallyinthe1978WorldCup.Alsoprovidespersonalstoriesfromsurvivorsandfamilymembersofthosewhoweredisappeared.WARNING:graphicdetailsoftorture.HumanRightsandTestimonialFiction:AliciaPartnoyandtheCaseofArgentina’sDisappeared.Web.https://www.academia.edu/368268/Human_Rights_and_Testimonial_Fiction_Alicia_Partnoy_and_the_Case_of_Argentina_s_Disappeared


DiscusseshumanrightsandjusticeinArgentina.IncludestestimonyfromAliciaPartnoy,Argentinianpoetandformerprisoner.Ludden,Jennifer.LifeinArgentina's'LittleSchool'PrisonCamp.NPR.20May.2013.Audioandarticle.http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=185559556JenniferLuddeninterviewspoetandformerprisonerAliciaPartnoy.ArticledetailsPartnoy'sdisappearanceandtimespentatArgentina's'LittleSchool'PrisonCamp.Werman,Marco.“Conflict&Justice:UncoveringtheCrimesofArgentina'sJunta.”PRI'sTheWorld.6Jul2012.Web/Audio(radiointerview)http://www.pri.org/stories/2012-07-06/uncovering-crimes-argentinas-juntaRobertCox,editoroftheBuenosAiresHerald,givespersonalaccountsregardingthedisappeared.AlsodiscussestheroleoftheArgentinemilitaryinbabytheft.“DNAusedtoIdentifyArgentina'sDirtyWarOrphans.”NationalPublicRadio.16Mar2012.Audioandarticle.www.npr.org/2012/03/16/148732809/-dirty-war-children-returned-to-argentine-relativesThetrueidentityofmediamogulErnestinaNoble'schildrenisdiscussed.ThearticlealsostressestheimportanceofDNAtestinginprovingadoptedchildrentobechildrenofthedisappeared.PreparedbySophiaGentile,BranfordHighSchool,2015

Download - Horacio Hugo Huarte compiled Nunca Más, Unit 4 Truth and Justice · 2019. 6. 28. · "Valseana" by Sergio Assad Instructions for Lesson I. Prologue to Nunca Más Arthur Shapiro says,

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