Download - How do we use genetics to our advantage? What are the risks of using genetics to our advantage?
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How do we use genetics to our advantage?
What are the risks of using genetics to our advantage?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BpzVFdDeWyo
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http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/26184891/vp/29478705#29478705
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BiotechnologyThe use of living systems or organisms to make or develop useful products
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Examples of Biotechnology
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Genetic engineering
making changes to DNA code and putting back into cell
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Applications of Genetic Engineering
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Transgenic organisms- contains genes from other organisms
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Transgenic Plants
Soybeans – produces insecticides Edible cotton seeds – not available
yet Golden rice – genes from flowers to
increase beta carotene
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Transgenic Animals
Designer Babies - DNA from 3 people found in 15 babies.
Featherless chickens Glittering seahorses Glofish - can buy at Walmart
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Genetically modified organisms
Many transgenic plants and animals fit into this category
Organisms whose genome has been changed by genetic engineering
https://curiosity.com/playlists/how-safe-are-genetically-modified-foods-6bwrNwni/what-is-a-genetically-modified-food-instant-egghead-45-scientific-american/
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Cloning
Process of creating genetically identical organisms
1st animal cloned from an adult cell was - Dolly the sheep
Human cloning is illegal in many countries
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Current uses for cloning
Clone your pet: http://www.myfriendagain.com/
cost 50,000 and up
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Selective Breeding breeding animals and plants for a
particular trait
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Example
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Hybridization the process of interbreeding
individuals of different species
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Examples
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Examples
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What is the process of genetic engineering? Recombinant DNA: Genetically
engineered DNA created by splicing DNA from a different organism into the host DNA.
Uses a plasmid Plasmid - circular DNA found in
bacteria
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DNA Technology DNA fingerprinting - a test to evaluate
genetic information Used in criminal cases, paternity cases, to
identify victims of accidents and ancestry.
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How do scientists make a DNA fingerprint?
DNA is collected ( ex. Hairbrush, toothbrush, chewing gum, skin and other sources)
Restriction enzyme is added to sample to cut DNA into smaller fragments.
Sample is placed in a special gel and the gel is then put into electrophoresis equipment.
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How does a gel electrophoresis works? Electrical current is applied to the gel with
the DNA sample Smaller DNA fragments moves to end of
the gel and larger DNA fragments stay at the top of the gel
Gel is stained to see fragments better
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What happens if the sample is too small?
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) - process to make copies of DNA
http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/polymerase-chain-reaction-pcr
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Gene Therapy
Ex. Add corrected copy of a defective gene to treat or prevent a genetic disease