Human Resource Management – Human Resource Management – MGT - 501MGT - 501
Lecture 2Lecture 2
Essential of ManagementEssential of ManagementProf. Dr. Mukhtar AhmedProf. Dr. Mukhtar [email protected]@vu.edu.pkVirtual University – PakistanVirtual University – Pakistanwww.vu.edu.pkwww.vu.edu.pk
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Today’s TopicsToday’s Topics
Concepts and Essential of Concepts and Essential of ManagementManagement
Management and its Management and its relationship with HRM relationship with HRM
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
ManagementManagement
Manage selfManage self Manage others, andManage others, and Manage the environmentManage the environment
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Management - DefinitionManagement - Definition
The process of The process of PlanningPlanning, ,
OrganizingOrganizing, , DirectingDirecting and and
ControllingControlling organizational organizational
resources to achieve organizational resources to achieve organizational
goalsgoals
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Functions of ManagementFunctions of Management
Controlling
Planning
Organizing
Leading
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Planning:Planning: process used by managers to process used by managers to identify and select appropriate goals and identify and select appropriate goals and courses of action for an organization.courses of action for an organization.
Steps to good planning Steps to good planning 1. Which goals should be pursued?1. Which goals should be pursued?
2. How should the goal be attained?2. How should the goal be attained?
3. How should resources be allocated?3. How should resources be allocated?
The outcome of the planning process is the The outcome of the planning process is the organization’s strategyorganization’s strategy
PlanningPlanning
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Planning (cont…..)Planning (cont…..)
A process of formulating goals and A process of formulating goals and
developing ways to achieve themdeveloping ways to achieve them
A management function focusing on A management function focusing on
setting organizational goals and setting organizational goals and
objectivesobjectives
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
OrganizingOrganizingOrganizing:Organizing: creating the structure of working creating the structure of working
relationships between employees that best relationships between employees that best allows them to work together and achieve allows them to work together and achieve goals.goals.
departments (according to the tasks performed)departments (according to the tasks performed) lines of authority and responsibilitylines of authority and responsibility
The outcome of organizing is an The outcome of organizing is an organizational structure.organizational structure.
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Organizing (cont…..)Organizing (cont…..)
A management function that deals A management function that deals
with what jobs are to be done, by with what jobs are to be done, by
whom, where decisions are to be whom, where decisions are to be
made, and the grouping of made, and the grouping of
employeesemployees
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
LeadingLeading Leading:Leading: determining direction, stating determining direction, stating
a clear vision for employees to follow, a clear vision for employees to follow, and helping employees understand the and helping employees understand the role they play in attaining goals.role they play in attaining goals.
power, influence, vision, persuasion, and power, influence, vision, persuasion, and communication skillscommunication skills
The outcome of leading is a high level of The outcome of leading is a high level of motivation motivation and and commitmentcommitment
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Leading (cont….)Leading (cont….)
The process of using influence to The process of using influence to
motivate other s to work toward motivate other s to work toward
accomplishing goalsaccomplishing goals
A management function concerned with A management function concerned with
directing the work of othersdirecting the work of others
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
ControllingControllingControlling:Controlling: evaluating how well the evaluating how well the
organization is achieving its goals and taking organization is achieving its goals and taking corrective action to improve performance.corrective action to improve performance. Monitor individuals, departments, and the Monitor individuals, departments, and the
organization to determine if desired performance organization to determine if desired performance has been reached.has been reached.
The outcome of controlling is an The outcome of controlling is an accurate accurate measurement of performancemeasurement of performance and regulation and regulation of efficiency and effectiveness.of efficiency and effectiveness.
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Controlling (cont….)Controlling (cont….)
A management function concerned A management function concerned
with monitoring activitieswith monitoring activities
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
The Management ProcessThe Management Process
ORGANIZATIONALGOALS
Planning
Leading
Con
trol
ling
Org
aniz
ing
HUMAN RESOURCES
INFORMATION RESOURCES
PHYSICAL RESOURC
ES
FINANCIAL
RESOURCES
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Organizational PerformanceOrganizational Performance
EfficiencyEfficiency:: A measure of how well resources A measure of how well resources are used to achieve a goalare used to achieve a goal
““Doing Things Right”Doing Things Right”
EffectivenessEffectiveness:: A measure of the A measure of the appropriateness of the goals chosen (are these appropriateness of the goals chosen (are these the right goals?), and the degree to which they the right goals?), and the degree to which they are achievedare achieved
““Doing the Right Things Right”Doing the Right Things Right”
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
‘‘Managing is like holding a Managing is like holding a
dove in your hand. If you dove in your hand. If you
squeeze too tight, you kill it. squeeze too tight, you kill it.
Open your hand too much, you Open your hand too much, you
let it go’let it go’
- T. Lasorda- T. Lasorda
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Manager ??Manager ??
Let’s discuss who Let’s discuss who
performs the functions performs the functions
of managementof management
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
ManagerManager
Individuals in an Individuals in an
organization organization
who direct the who direct the
activities of activities of
othersothers
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
ManagerManager
Someone who participates in the Someone who participates in the
management process by management process by
planning, organizing, leading, or planning, organizing, leading, or
controlling the organization's controlling the organization's
resourcesresources
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
ManagerManagerThe people responsible for supervising The people responsible for supervising
the use of an organization’s resources to the use of an organization’s resources to
meet its goalsmeet its goals
Someone who participates in the Someone who participates in the
management process by planning, management process by planning,
organizing, leading, or controlling the organizing, leading, or controlling the
organization's resourcesorganization's resources
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
QualityQuality
CostCost
Customer SatisfactionCustomer Satisfaction
Keep three balls rolling …Keep three balls rolling …
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Managerial SkillsManagerial SkillsConceptual skillsConceptual skills The ability to The ability to analyzeanalyze and and diagnosediagnose a situation and a situation and
distinguish between cause and effectdistinguish between cause and effect
Human skillsHuman skills The ability to, The ability to, understand,understand, alter, leadalter, lead,, and and controlcontrol the the
behavior of other individuals and groupsbehavior of other individuals and groups
Technical skillsTechnical skills The The specific knowledge and techniquesspecific knowledge and techniques required to required to
perform an organizational roleperform an organizational role
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Levels of ManagementLevels of Management
What are different levels What are different levels
of management? Let’s of management? Let’s
discuss!discuss!
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Top Managers
Middle Managers
First-line Managers
Levels of ManagersLevels of Managers
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Managerial Skills & Managerial Managerial Skills & Managerial LevelLevel
ConceptualSkills
InterpersonalSkills
TechnicalSkills
Topmanager
Middlemanager
First-linemanager
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Managerial Roles
1.1. Interpersonal RolesInterpersonal Roles
2.2. Informational RolesInformational Roles
3.3. Decisional RolesDecisional Roles
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
BASIC MANAGERIAL ROLES AND BASIC MANAGERIAL ROLES AND SKILLSSKILLS
Interpersonal rolesInterpersonal roles figureheadfigurehead attends activities to attends activities to
represent the organization; represent the organization;
leaderleader encourages employees to improve encourages employees to improve
productivity and shows them how to do productivity and shows them how to do
it; it;
liaisonliaison coordinates the activities of two coordinates the activities of two
or more people, groups of people, or or more people, groups of people, or
organizations.organizations.
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
BASIC MANAGERIAL ROLES AND BASIC MANAGERIAL ROLES AND SKILLSSKILLS
Informational rolesInformational roles monitormonitor actively seeks information that actively seeks information that
may be of value to the organization; may be of value to the organization;
disseminatordisseminator transmits information to transmits information to
others in the organization; others in the organization;
spokespersonspokesperson transmits information transmits information
about the organization to people about the organization to people
outside the organization.outside the organization.
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
BASIC MANAGERIAL ROLES AND BASIC MANAGERIAL ROLES AND SKILLSSKILLS
Decisional rolesDecisional roles entrepreneurentrepreneur develops new ideas and initiates changes develops new ideas and initiates changes
in the organization; in the organization; disturbance handlerdisturbance handler handles problems that arise such handles problems that arise such
as strikes, copyright infringements, and energy as strikes, copyright infringements, and energy shortages; shortages;
resource allocatorresource allocator determines who should receive the determines who should receive the available resources and who should have access to the available resources and who should have access to the manager's time; manager's time;
negotiatornegotiator represents the organization in a negotiation represents the organization in a negotiation setting such as collective bargaining for a union setting such as collective bargaining for a union contract or developing an agreement with a consultant.contract or developing an agreement with a consultant.
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Remember!Remember!
It’s not enough to know It’s not enough to know
about managing… you about managing… you
need to be prepared to do need to be prepared to do
it!it!
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Managing People
All managers must be concerned with activities like….All managers must be concerned with activities like….
Staffing Staffing (hiring and firing)(hiring and firing)
Retention Retention (motivating people)(motivating people)
Development Development (encourage & train)(encourage & train)
Adjustment Adjustment (alternative arrangements)(alternative arrangements)
Managing change Managing change (burning issue of today)(burning issue of today)
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Management & HRMManagement & HRM
HR is part of HR is part of Management!Management!
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
HR Professionals’ HR Professionals’ ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities
Establish HRM proceduresEstablish HRM procedures
Develop/choose HRM methodsDevelop/choose HRM methods
Monitor/evaluate HRM practicesMonitor/evaluate HRM practices
Advise/assist managers on HRM-Advise/assist managers on HRM-
related activitiesrelated activities
Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Productivity Productivity (increasing performance)(increasing performance)
Operations Operations (cohesive linking)(cohesive linking)
Relationships Relationships (between diff. levels of mgt / dept)(between diff. levels of mgt / dept)
Conflict Conflict (help handling conflict)(help handling conflict)
Stress Stress (managing stress)(managing stress)
Reward systems Reward systems (help motivate people)(help motivate people)
HRM can help manage…HRM can help manage…
Human Resource Management – Human Resource Management – MGT - 501MGT - 501
Lecture 2 Lecture 2
Essential of ManagementEssential of ManagementProf. Dr. Mukhtar AhmedProf. Dr. Mukhtar [email protected]@yahoo.com Virtual University – PakistanVirtual University – Pakistanwww.vu.edu.pkwww.vu.edu.pk