Human Resource Management – Human Resource Management – MGT - 501MGT - 501

Lecture 2Lecture 2

Essential of ManagementEssential of ManagementProf. Dr. Mukhtar AhmedProf. Dr. Mukhtar Ahmedmgt501@vu.edu.pkmgt501@vu.edu.pkVirtual University – PakistanVirtual University – Pakistanwww.vu.edu.pkwww.vu.edu.pk

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Today’s TopicsToday’s Topics

Concepts and Essential of Concepts and Essential of ManagementManagement

Management and its Management and its relationship with HRM relationship with HRM

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

ManagementManagement

Manage selfManage self Manage others, andManage others, and Manage the environmentManage the environment

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Management - DefinitionManagement - Definition

The process of The process of PlanningPlanning, ,

OrganizingOrganizing, , DirectingDirecting and and

ControllingControlling organizational organizational

resources to achieve organizational resources to achieve organizational

goalsgoals

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Functions of ManagementFunctions of Management

Controlling

Planning

Organizing

Leading

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Planning:Planning: process used by managers to process used by managers to identify and select appropriate goals and identify and select appropriate goals and courses of action for an organization.courses of action for an organization.

Steps to good planning Steps to good planning 1. Which goals should be pursued?1. Which goals should be pursued?

2. How should the goal be attained?2. How should the goal be attained?

3. How should resources be allocated?3. How should resources be allocated?

The outcome of the planning process is the The outcome of the planning process is the organization’s strategyorganization’s strategy

PlanningPlanning

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Planning (cont…..)Planning (cont…..)

A process of formulating goals and A process of formulating goals and

developing ways to achieve themdeveloping ways to achieve them

A management function focusing on A management function focusing on

setting organizational goals and setting organizational goals and

objectivesobjectives

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

OrganizingOrganizingOrganizing:Organizing: creating the structure of working creating the structure of working

relationships between employees that best relationships between employees that best allows them to work together and achieve allows them to work together and achieve goals.goals.

departments (according to the tasks performed)departments (according to the tasks performed) lines of authority and responsibilitylines of authority and responsibility

The outcome of organizing is an The outcome of organizing is an organizational structure.organizational structure.

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Organizing (cont…..)Organizing (cont…..)

A management function that deals A management function that deals

with what jobs are to be done, by with what jobs are to be done, by

whom, where decisions are to be whom, where decisions are to be

made, and the grouping of made, and the grouping of

employeesemployees

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

LeadingLeading Leading:Leading: determining direction, stating determining direction, stating

a clear vision for employees to follow, a clear vision for employees to follow, and helping employees understand the and helping employees understand the role they play in attaining goals.role they play in attaining goals.

power, influence, vision, persuasion, and power, influence, vision, persuasion, and communication skillscommunication skills

The outcome of leading is a high level of The outcome of leading is a high level of motivation motivation and and commitmentcommitment

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Leading (cont….)Leading (cont….)

The process of using influence to The process of using influence to

motivate other s to work toward motivate other s to work toward

accomplishing goalsaccomplishing goals

A management function concerned with A management function concerned with

directing the work of othersdirecting the work of others

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

ControllingControllingControlling:Controlling: evaluating how well the evaluating how well the

organization is achieving its goals and taking organization is achieving its goals and taking corrective action to improve performance.corrective action to improve performance. Monitor individuals, departments, and the Monitor individuals, departments, and the

organization to determine if desired performance organization to determine if desired performance has been reached.has been reached.

The outcome of controlling is an The outcome of controlling is an accurate accurate measurement of performancemeasurement of performance and regulation and regulation of efficiency and effectiveness.of efficiency and effectiveness.

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Controlling (cont….)Controlling (cont….)

A management function concerned A management function concerned

with monitoring activitieswith monitoring activities

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

The Management ProcessThe Management Process

ORGANIZATIONALGOALS

Planning

Leading

Con

trol

ling

Org

aniz

ing

HUMAN RESOURCES

INFORMATION RESOURCES

PHYSICAL RESOURC

ES

FINANCIAL

RESOURCES

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Organizational PerformanceOrganizational Performance

EfficiencyEfficiency:: A measure of how well resources A measure of how well resources are used to achieve a goalare used to achieve a goal

““Doing Things Right”Doing Things Right”

EffectivenessEffectiveness:: A measure of the A measure of the appropriateness of the goals chosen (are these appropriateness of the goals chosen (are these the right goals?), and the degree to which they the right goals?), and the degree to which they are achievedare achieved

““Doing the Right Things Right”Doing the Right Things Right”

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

‘‘Managing is like holding a Managing is like holding a

dove in your hand. If you dove in your hand. If you

squeeze too tight, you kill it. squeeze too tight, you kill it.

Open your hand too much, you Open your hand too much, you

let it go’let it go’

- T. Lasorda- T. Lasorda

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Manager ??Manager ??

Let’s discuss who Let’s discuss who

performs the functions performs the functions

of managementof management

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

ManagerManager

Individuals in an Individuals in an

organization organization

who direct the who direct the

activities of activities of

othersothers

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

ManagerManager

Someone who participates in the Someone who participates in the

management process by management process by

planning, organizing, leading, or planning, organizing, leading, or

controlling the organization's controlling the organization's

resourcesresources

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

ManagerManagerThe people responsible for supervising The people responsible for supervising

the use of an organization’s resources to the use of an organization’s resources to

meet its goalsmeet its goals

Someone who participates in the Someone who participates in the

management process by planning, management process by planning,

organizing, leading, or controlling the organizing, leading, or controlling the

organization's resourcesorganization's resources

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

QualityQuality

CostCost

Customer SatisfactionCustomer Satisfaction

Keep three balls rolling …Keep three balls rolling …

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Managerial SkillsManagerial SkillsConceptual skillsConceptual skills The ability to The ability to analyzeanalyze and and diagnosediagnose a situation and a situation and

distinguish between cause and effectdistinguish between cause and effect

Human skillsHuman skills The ability to, The ability to, understand,understand, alter, leadalter, lead,, and and controlcontrol the the

behavior of other individuals and groupsbehavior of other individuals and groups

Technical skillsTechnical skills The The specific knowledge and techniquesspecific knowledge and techniques required to required to

perform an organizational roleperform an organizational role

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Levels of ManagementLevels of Management

What are different levels What are different levels

of management? Let’s of management? Let’s

discuss!discuss!

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Top Managers

Middle Managers

First-line Managers

Levels of ManagersLevels of Managers

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Managerial Skills & Managerial Managerial Skills & Managerial LevelLevel

ConceptualSkills

InterpersonalSkills

TechnicalSkills

Topmanager

Middlemanager

First-linemanager

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Managerial Roles

1.1. Interpersonal RolesInterpersonal Roles

2.2. Informational RolesInformational Roles

3.3. Decisional RolesDecisional Roles

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

BASIC MANAGERIAL ROLES AND BASIC MANAGERIAL ROLES AND SKILLSSKILLS

Interpersonal rolesInterpersonal roles figureheadfigurehead attends activities to attends activities to

represent the organization; represent the organization;

leaderleader encourages employees to improve encourages employees to improve

productivity and shows them how to do productivity and shows them how to do

it; it;

liaisonliaison coordinates the activities of two coordinates the activities of two

or more people, groups of people, or or more people, groups of people, or

organizations.organizations.

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

BASIC MANAGERIAL ROLES AND BASIC MANAGERIAL ROLES AND SKILLSSKILLS

Informational rolesInformational roles monitormonitor actively seeks information that actively seeks information that

may be of value to the organization; may be of value to the organization;

disseminatordisseminator transmits information to transmits information to

others in the organization; others in the organization;

spokespersonspokesperson transmits information transmits information

about the organization to people about the organization to people

outside the organization.outside the organization.

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

BASIC MANAGERIAL ROLES AND BASIC MANAGERIAL ROLES AND SKILLSSKILLS

Decisional rolesDecisional roles entrepreneurentrepreneur develops new ideas and initiates changes develops new ideas and initiates changes

in the organization; in the organization; disturbance handlerdisturbance handler handles problems that arise such handles problems that arise such

as strikes, copyright infringements, and energy as strikes, copyright infringements, and energy shortages; shortages;

resource allocatorresource allocator determines who should receive the determines who should receive the available resources and who should have access to the available resources and who should have access to the manager's time; manager's time;

negotiatornegotiator represents the organization in a negotiation represents the organization in a negotiation setting such as collective bargaining for a union setting such as collective bargaining for a union contract or developing an agreement with a consultant.contract or developing an agreement with a consultant.

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Remember!Remember!

It’s not enough to know It’s not enough to know

about managing… you about managing… you

need to be prepared to do need to be prepared to do

it!it!

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Managing People

All managers must be concerned with activities like….All managers must be concerned with activities like….

Staffing Staffing (hiring and firing)(hiring and firing)

Retention Retention (motivating people)(motivating people)

Development Development (encourage & train)(encourage & train)

Adjustment Adjustment (alternative arrangements)(alternative arrangements)

Managing change Managing change (burning issue of today)(burning issue of today)

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Management & HRMManagement & HRM

HR is part of HR is part of Management!Management!

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

HR Professionals’ HR Professionals’ ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities

Establish HRM proceduresEstablish HRM procedures

Develop/choose HRM methodsDevelop/choose HRM methods

Monitor/evaluate HRM practicesMonitor/evaluate HRM practices

Advise/assist managers on HRM-Advise/assist managers on HRM-

related activitiesrelated activities

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Productivity Productivity (increasing performance)(increasing performance)

Operations Operations (cohesive linking)(cohesive linking)

Relationships Relationships (between diff. levels of mgt / dept)(between diff. levels of mgt / dept)

Conflict Conflict (help handling conflict)(help handling conflict)

Stress Stress (managing stress)(managing stress)

Reward systems Reward systems (help motivate people)(help motivate people)

HRM can help manage…HRM can help manage…

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Effective HRM

Effective HRM

EffectiveOrganization

EffectiveOrganization

Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed

Let’s Stop it

here !

Human Resource Management – Human Resource Management – MGT - 501MGT - 501

Lecture 2 Lecture 2

Essential of ManagementEssential of ManagementProf. Dr. Mukhtar AhmedProf. Dr. Mukhtar Ahmedmukhtar59@yahoo.commukhtar59@yahoo.com Virtual University – PakistanVirtual University – Pakistanwww.vu.edu.pkwww.vu.edu.pk