2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 1
HYDRAULICS IN WIND TURBINES
Alexandre de Lemos PereiraPhD (wind energy specialist)
Director of Proventos Engenharia Eólica
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 2
Nacelle components
Vestas
Nordex
Enercon
MTorres
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 3
Hydraulics in Wind TurbinesTraditional applications
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 4
Application: Brakes
Functions:
� Rotor brake – Emergency stop
� Rotor brake – Service stop
� Yaw brake – on/off during normal operation
� Yaw brake – Emergency stop (cable twist limit)
Technical characteristics:
� Few moving parts / Fast reaction times
� Redundant valves
� Drain ports for hydraulic oil leakage
� Optional manual operation
� Brake on/off indication
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 5
Hydraulic power units
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 6
Disc brake calipers
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 7
Disc brake position
� Low-speed shaft � High-speed shaft
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 8
Yaw brake calipers
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 9
Brakes challenges
� 2008 and 2009 “soft brake” patents concerned with reducing the excessive dynamic load peaks and vibrations during emergency stops
� intelligent brake system which has the objective of controlling the brake torque through precise control of the calipers clamp force
� control the hydraulic pressure in the brake caliper
� Real time monitoring of brake sequence
� estimate and cancel disturbances caused by brake disc irregularities or external disturbances
� Adjustable brake ramp/curves
� Compensation for variable friction factors
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 10
Application: Rotor Locks
� rotor lock units are engineered to handle the large output torque generated by the rotor aerodynamic forces
� The rotor lock is primarily intended for use as safety brake during emergency stops under high wind conditions
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 11
Application: Pitch systemindividual pitch construction
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 12
Pitch system
Functions:
� Emergency brake (rotor)
� Start-up (rotor) for low wind speeds
� Maximum power limitation
� Power curve adjustment for site conditions
� Service stop (rotor)
Technical characteristics:
� Turn the blade around its longitudinal axis
� Lock the blade on specified pitch angle
� Pitch the blade ~ 90º
� Safety mechanism for pitching the blades to feather position
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 13
Pitch system operation - example
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 14
Run Stop
Pitch sysytemsimplified hidraulic circuit
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 15
Pitch System installation
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 16
Application: power transmission
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 17
Power transmissionHydrostatic transmission
Fonte: K. Stelson
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 18
Power transmissionHydro-mechanical transmission
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 19
Power transmissionHydro-mechanical transmission
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 20
Power transmissionVariable hydraulic transmission with digital valve technology
Fonte: ChapDrive
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 21
Power transmissionVariable hydraulic transmission with digital valve technology
Fonte: ChapDrive
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 22
Power transmissionDigital displacement technology from Artemis
Fonte: MHI Vestas Offshore Wind
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 23
Power transmissionDigital displacement technology from Artemis
Fonte: MHI Vestas Offshore Wind
2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power
WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 24
Contato
� (51) 33 78 10 50
� (51) 82 22 04 57
� www.proventos.eng.br