2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 1

HYDRAULICS IN WIND TURBINES

Alexandre de Lemos PereiraPhD (wind energy specialist)

Director of Proventos Engenharia Eólica

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 2

Nacelle components

Vestas

Nordex

Enercon

MTorres

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 3

Hydraulics in Wind TurbinesTraditional applications

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 4

Application: Brakes

Functions:

� Rotor brake – Emergency stop

� Rotor brake – Service stop

� Yaw brake – on/off during normal operation

� Yaw brake – Emergency stop (cable twist limit)

Technical characteristics:

� Few moving parts / Fast reaction times

� Redundant valves

� Drain ports for hydraulic oil leakage

� Optional manual operation

� Brake on/off indication

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 5

Hydraulic power units

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 6

Disc brake calipers

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 7

Disc brake position

� Low-speed shaft � High-speed shaft

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 8

Yaw brake calipers

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 9

Brakes challenges

� 2008 and 2009 “soft brake” patents concerned with reducing the excessive dynamic load peaks and vibrations during emergency stops

� intelligent brake system which has the objective of controlling the brake torque through precise control of the calipers clamp force

� control the hydraulic pressure in the brake caliper

� Real time monitoring of brake sequence

� estimate and cancel disturbances caused by brake disc irregularities or external disturbances

� Adjustable brake ramp/curves

� Compensation for variable friction factors

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 10

Application: Rotor Locks

� rotor lock units are engineered to handle the large output torque generated by the rotor aerodynamic forces

� The rotor lock is primarily intended for use as safety brake during emergency stops under high wind conditions

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 11

Application: Pitch systemindividual pitch construction

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 12

Pitch system

Functions:

� Emergency brake (rotor)

� Start-up (rotor) for low wind speeds

� Maximum power limitation

� Power curve adjustment for site conditions

� Service stop (rotor)

Technical characteristics:

� Turn the blade around its longitudinal axis

� Lock the blade on specified pitch angle

� Pitch the blade ~ 90º

� Safety mechanism for pitching the blades to feather position

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 13

Pitch system operation - example

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 14

Run Stop

Pitch sysytemsimplified hidraulic circuit

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 15

Pitch System installation

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 16

Application: power transmission

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 17

Power transmissionHydrostatic transmission

Fonte: K. Stelson

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WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 18

Power transmissionHydro-mechanical transmission

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 19

Power transmissionHydro-mechanical transmission

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 20

Power transmissionVariable hydraulic transmission with digital valve technology

Fonte: ChapDrive

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 21

Power transmissionVariable hydraulic transmission with digital valve technology

Fonte: ChapDrive

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 22

Power transmissionDigital displacement technology from Artemis

Fonte: MHI Vestas Offshore Wind

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 23

Power transmissionDigital displacement technology from Artemis

Fonte: MHI Vestas Offshore Wind

2nd Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power

WIEFP 2014, São Paulo – SP, Brazil, September 2-3, 2014 24

Contato

� alp@proventos.eng.br

� (51) 33 78 10 50

� (51) 82 22 04 57

� www.proventos.eng.br