![Page 1: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
INF4420
Introduction
Dag T. WislandSpring 2014
![Page 2: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Spring 2014 Introduction 3
Outline
• Practical information• Curriculum overview
![Page 3: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Teaching and examination
Lectures (2‐3 hours)Problem solving class (2 hours)Lab exercises (2 hours)
Final grade:Exam (60 %)Project (40 %)
Spring 2014 Introduction 4
![Page 4: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Lectures
Dag T. WislandRoom: 5405 (OJD, A, 5th floor)Phone: 22852705Mobile: 91367679Email: [email protected]
Lectures Wednesdays 10:15 in OJD 3437 ‐ Sem. room C
Spring 2014 Introduction 5
![Page 5: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Problem solving class
Thanh Trung Nguyen (Trung)Room: 5403Phone: 22840886Email: [email protected]
Assignments for each week (not mandatory)Tuesdays 10:15–12:00 in OJD 2458, Postscript
One mandatory assignmentSpring 2014 Introduction 6
![Page 6: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Labs
Kenneth MælandEmail: [email protected]
Weekly labs to learn design tools and work on the project
Tuesdays 12:15–14:00. Room TBA.
Spring 2014 Introduction 7
![Page 7: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Webpage
http://www.uio.no/studier/emner/matnat/ifi/INF4420/v14/
Spring 2014 Introduction 8
![Page 8: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Course content
From the course webpage:
"The course provides the know‐how and skills needed to design analogue and mixed‐signal integrated circuit modules using modern program tools. The main focus of the course is complex systems such as data converters (A/D, D/A) and phase‐locked loops (PLL). An introduction is given to CMOS technology and methods in order to implement passive components such as transistors, condensers and coils. In addition, matching, optimisation and noise deflection are all key aspects. The execution of project tasks will be a central part of the teaching."
Spring 2014 Introduction 9
![Page 9: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Learning outcomes
From the course webpage:
"Students will have the skills needed to design an integrated mixed‐signal circuit in CMOS using modern design tools."
Spring 2014 Introduction 10
![Page 10: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
What is expected of you
The course builds on• INF3410 (analog, Laplace, freq. response)• INF3400 (digital, basic transistor, layout)
Please ask questions and give feedback
Spring 2014 Introduction 11
![Page 11: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Integrated circuits
Integrated circuits are “everywhere”
Cost is a driver for new technology. Reduced feature size, smaller dies, CPF decreases, more features on the same die (SoC). Larger wafers.
Reduced feature size helps performance. Is scaling good for analog?
Spring 2014 Introduction 12
![Page 12: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Mixed signal circuits
Spring 2014 Introduction 13
What are mixed‐signal circuits?
Analog + Digital?
![Page 13: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Why mixed signal?
Digital circuits are more robust and can be designed more systematically. Usually, most of the system and signal processing will be digital content.
We need circuits for regulating supply voltage, clocking, digitizing audio and sensor outputs, communication circuits, etc.
Spring 2014 Introduction 14
![Page 14: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Mixed signal circuits
Digital content dominate. Process development is geared towards reducing cost‐per‐function (CPF).
Analog and RF functions have to keep up (cost benefits of placing all functions on one die)
→ More than Moore, Through‐silicon via
Spring 2014 Introduction 15
![Page 15: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Mixed signal circuits
New ideas to take advantage of new process technology, and new uses of integrated circuits.
Important to have a good understanding of analog and mixed signal circuits. Understand how circuits can be improved and see new possibilities.
Spring 2014 Introduction 16
![Page 16: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Mixed signal circuits
Example:
DALLAS, Aug. 23 /PRNewswire/ ‐‐ Texas Instruments Incorporated (TI) (NYSE: TXN) today introduced a dual‐channel, single‐lane serial‐ATA (SATA) redriver and signal conditioner, featuring the lowest active power and lowest automatic low‐power (ALP) mode of any 6‐Gbps redriver/equalizers available today. The SN75LVCP601 has a maximum active power consumption of 290 mW, or approximately 50 percent less than the nearest competitor, extending critical battery life in portable electronics, such as notebook PCs. ...
Spring 2014 Introduction 17
![Page 17: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Design flow
Top‐down designSpecification + different levels of abstractionMeeting specs across PVT with min powerUsually, big savings are in the architecture
Spring 2014 Introduction 18
![Page 18: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Abstraction
System level (block diagrams, MATLAB)Schematics (SPICE)Layout (CAD, DRC, ERC, LVS)
Spring 2014 Introduction 19
![Page 19: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Curriculum
Carusone, Johns, Martin: Analog Integrated Circuit Design, 2nd Edition International Student Version, Wiley
http://analogicdesign.com
“Second half” of the book.First part covered in INF3410
Spring 2014 Introduction 20
![Page 20: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Layout and technology (Ch 2)
Spring 2014 Introduction 21
![Page 21: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Comparators (Ch 10)
Spring 2014 Introduction 22
Important building block for ADCs
![Page 22: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Sample and hold (Ch 11)
Spring 2014 Introduction 23
Frontend required in many ADCs.
Important for ADC performance.
![Page 23: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Discrete time (Ch 13)
Spring 2014 Introduction 24
Important to understand how sampling affects the signal.
z-transform to analyze sampled systems.
![Page 24: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14)
Discrete time analog signal processing
Why?
Spring 2014 Introduction 25
![Page 25: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Data converters (Ch 15–18)
Spring 2014 Introduction 26
![Page 26: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Phase locked loops (Ch 19)
Spring 2014 Introduction 27
• Frequency multiplication
• Frequency synthesis
• Clock deskew (PLL or DLL)
• Clock recovery (from serial data)
• Demodulation
![Page 27: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Project
Counts 40 % towards the final gradeFinal report is very important
Last year: Sample and hold circuitThis year: Digital‐to‐Analog Converter (DAC)
Work in groups of twoPresentationSpring 2014 Introduction 28
![Page 28: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Process design kit (PDK)
TSMC 90 nm MS/RF LP 1.2 V with 2.5 V I/Ohttp://www.europractice‐ic.com/technologies_TSMC.php?tech_id=90nm
Simulation modelsPCells for generating component layoutRule decks for DRC, ERC, and LVS
NDA is required to access the kit.
Spring 2014 Introduction 29
![Page 29: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Exam
Counts 60 % towards the final grade
Spring 2014 Introduction 30
![Page 30: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040413/5f0e6b237e708231d43f268d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Student reference group
• One or two students• Give feedback on behalf of the students• Answer questions …
Spring 2014 Introduction 31