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INF4420 Introduction Dag T. Wisland Spring 2014

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Page 1: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

INF4420

Introduction

Dag T. WislandSpring 2014

Page 2: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Spring 2014 Introduction 3

Outline

• Practical information• Curriculum overview

Page 3: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Teaching and examination

Lectures (2‐3 hours)Problem solving class (2 hours)Lab exercises (2 hours)

Final grade:Exam (60 %)Project (40 %)

Spring 2014 Introduction 4

Page 4: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Lectures

Dag T. WislandRoom: 5405 (OJD, A, 5th floor)Phone: 22852705Mobile: 91367679Email: [email protected]

Lectures Wednesdays 10:15 in OJD 3437 ‐ Sem. room C

Spring 2014 Introduction 5

Page 5: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Problem solving class

Thanh Trung Nguyen (Trung)Room: 5403Phone: 22840886Email: [email protected]

Assignments for each week (not mandatory)Tuesdays 10:15–12:00 in OJD 2458, Postscript

One mandatory assignmentSpring 2014 Introduction 6

Page 6: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Labs

Kenneth MælandEmail: [email protected]

Weekly labs to learn design tools and work on the project

Tuesdays 12:15–14:00. Room TBA.

Spring 2014 Introduction 7

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Webpage

http://www.uio.no/studier/emner/matnat/ifi/INF4420/v14/

Spring 2014 Introduction 8

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Course content

From the course webpage:

"The course provides the know‐how and skills needed to design analogue and mixed‐signal integrated circuit modules using modern program tools. The main focus of the course is complex systems such as data converters (A/D, D/A) and phase‐locked loops (PLL). An introduction is given to CMOS technology and methods in order to implement passive components such as transistors, condensers and coils. In addition, matching, optimisation and noise deflection are all key aspects. The execution of project tasks will be a central part of the teaching."

Spring 2014 Introduction 9

Page 9: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Learning outcomes

From the course webpage:

"Students will have the skills needed to design an integrated mixed‐signal circuit in CMOS using modern design tools."

Spring 2014 Introduction 10

Page 10: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

What is expected of you

The course builds on• INF3410 (analog, Laplace, freq. response)• INF3400 (digital, basic transistor, layout)

Please ask questions and give feedback

Spring 2014 Introduction 11

Page 11: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Integrated circuits

Integrated circuits are “everywhere”

Cost is a driver for new technology. Reduced feature size, smaller dies, CPF decreases, more features on the same die (SoC). Larger wafers.

Reduced feature size helps performance. Is scaling good for analog?

Spring 2014 Introduction 12

Page 12: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Mixed signal circuits

Spring 2014 Introduction 13

What are mixed‐signal circuits?

Analog + Digital?

Page 13: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Why mixed signal?

Digital circuits are more robust and can be designed more systematically. Usually, most of the system and signal processing will be digital content. 

We need circuits for regulating supply voltage, clocking, digitizing audio and sensor outputs, communication circuits, etc.

Spring 2014 Introduction 14

Page 14: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Mixed signal circuits

Digital content dominate. Process development is geared towards reducing cost‐per‐function (CPF). 

Analog and RF functions have to keep up (cost benefits of placing all functions on one die)

→ More than Moore, Through‐silicon via

Spring 2014 Introduction 15

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Mixed signal circuits

New ideas to take advantage of new process technology, and new uses of integrated circuits.

Important to have a good understanding of analog and mixed signal circuits. Understand how circuits can be improved and see new possibilities.

Spring 2014 Introduction 16

Page 16: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Mixed signal circuits

Example:

DALLAS, Aug. 23 /PRNewswire/ ‐‐ Texas Instruments Incorporated (TI) (NYSE: TXN) today introduced a dual‐channel, single‐lane serial‐ATA (SATA) redriver and signal conditioner, featuring the lowest active power and lowest automatic low‐power (ALP) mode of any 6‐Gbps redriver/equalizers available today. The SN75LVCP601 has a maximum active power consumption of 290 mW, or approximately 50 percent less than the nearest competitor, extending critical battery life in portable electronics, such as notebook PCs. ...

Spring 2014 Introduction 17

Page 17: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Design flow

Top‐down designSpecification + different levels of abstractionMeeting specs across PVT with min powerUsually, big savings are in the architecture

Spring 2014 Introduction 18

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Abstraction

System level (block diagrams, MATLAB)Schematics (SPICE)Layout (CAD, DRC, ERC, LVS)

Spring 2014 Introduction 19

Page 19: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Curriculum

Carusone, Johns, Martin: Analog Integrated Circuit Design, 2nd Edition International Student Version, Wiley

http://analogicdesign.com

“Second half” of the book.First part covered in INF3410

Spring 2014 Introduction 20

Page 20: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Layout and technology (Ch 2)

Spring 2014 Introduction 21

Page 21: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Comparators (Ch 10)

Spring 2014 Introduction 22

Important building block for ADCs

Page 22: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Sample and hold (Ch 11)

Spring 2014 Introduction 23

Frontend required in many ADCs.

Important for ADC performance.

Page 23: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Discrete time (Ch 13)

Spring 2014 Introduction 24

Important to understand how sampling affects the signal.

z-transform to analyze sampled systems.

Page 24: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14)

Discrete time analog signal processing

Why?

Spring 2014 Introduction 25

Page 25: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Data converters (Ch 15–18)

Spring 2014 Introduction 26

Page 26: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Phase locked loops (Ch 19)

Spring 2014 Introduction 27

• Frequency multiplication

• Frequency synthesis

• Clock deskew (PLL or DLL)

• Clock recovery (from serial data)

• Demodulation

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Project

Counts 40 % towards the final gradeFinal report is very important

Last year: Sample and hold circuitThis year: Digital‐to‐Analog Converter (DAC)

Work in groups of twoPresentationSpring 2014 Introduction 28

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Process design kit (PDK)

TSMC 90 nm MS/RF LP 1.2 V with 2.5 V I/Ohttp://www.europractice‐ic.com/technologies_TSMC.php?tech_id=90nm

Simulation modelsPCells for generating component layoutRule decks for DRC, ERC, and LVS

NDA is required to access the kit.

Spring 2014 Introduction 29

Page 29: INF4420 Introduction · Switched capacitor circuits (Ch 14) Discrete time analog signal processing. Why? Spring 2014. Introduction. 25. Data converters (Ch 15–18) Spring 2014 Introduction

Exam

Counts 60 % towards the final grade

Spring 2014 Introduction 30

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Student reference group

• One or two students• Give feedback on behalf of the students• Answer questions …

Spring 2014 Introduction 31