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Interpreting Food Webs
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Energy Diagrams
Food Chain- shows a single pathway of energy flow in an ecosystem
Food web- shows multiple pathways of energy flow in an ecosystem
Energy pyramid shows how energy is lost as you move from one trophic level to the
next.
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• Food Chain
• Food Web
• Energy Pyramid
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Trophic Levels
Trophic levels refer to the position an organism occupies in a food chain.
First trophic Level
Second Trophic Level
Third Trophic Level
Fourth Trophic Level
Producers are always found in the first trophic level
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Trophic Levels cont….
• Biomass- the amount of organic matter (nutrients) comprising a group of organisms in a habitat.
– As you move up a food chain, both available energy and biomass decrease.
– Energy is transferred upwards but is diminished with each transfer.
– Energy Pyramid - A diagram shaped like a triangle that shows the loss of energy at each level of the food chain.
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Energy Pyramid
• Only energy stored in tissues of an organism can be transferred to the next level.
• The higher up in the pyramid an organism is, the more they must eat to obtain energy.
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III. All Living Things Need Energy
A. Producers- use sunlight to make food (plants and some protists)
B. Consumers- eat other organisms for food • Herbivore – eat producers• Carnivore – eat meat• Omnivore – eat meat and producers• Scavenger – feed on dead animals
C. Decomposers- break down dead organisms (fungi and some bacteria - recycle nutrients)
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• Trophic Level one is always a producer
• Level two is the primary consumer
• Primary Consumers are herbivores or omnivores, because they eat producers.
Producer
Primary Consumer
Secondary Consumer
Tertiary Consumer
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Competition
Two or more organisms try to use the same limited resource
What two organisms compete for mice as an energy source?
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Transfer of energyName all of the producers from the food web
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Name all of the primary consumers
Which of the primary consumers are herbivores?
Which of the primary consumers are omnivores?
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Secondary ConsumersSecondary Consumers are in the third trophic level
Name the secondary consumers above
First
Second
Third
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Food webs show relationships
• Competition- when two or more organisms try to use the same limited resource.
Are their any organisms competing in the food web?
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Importance of predator prey RelationshipsName four prey
of the lobster?
How would over fishing affect this population?