Download - Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
1/49
Learning basics of QTP automation tool
and preparation of QTP interview
questionsPosted In |Automation Testing, QTP,Questions & answers,Testing Interview questions
This post is in continuation with QTP interview questions series. Following questions
will help forpreparing interview as well as learning the QTP basics.
Quick Test Professional: Interview Questions and answers.
1. What are the features and benefits of Quick Test Pro(QTP)?
1. Key word driven testing2. Suitable for both client server and web based application
3. VB script as the script language
4. Better error handling mechanism
5. Excellent data driven testing features
2. How to handle the exceptions using recovery scenario manager in QTP?
You can instruct QTP to recover unexpected events or errors that occurred in your testing
environment during test run. Recovery scenario manager provides a wizard that guides
you through the defining recovery scenario. Recovery scenario has three steps
1. Triggered Events2. Recovery steps
3. Post Recovery Test-Run
3. What is the use of Text output value in QTP?
Output values enable to view the values that the application talks during run time. When
parameterized, the values change for each iteration. Thus by creating output values, we
can capture the values that the application takes for each run and output them to the data
table.
4. How to use the Object spy in QTP 8.0 version?
There are two ways to Spy the objects in QTP
1) Thru file toolbar: In the File ToolBar click on the last toolbar button (an icon showing
a person with hat).2) Thru Object repository Dialog: In Objectrepository dialog click on the button object
spy In the Object spy Dialog click on the button showing hand symbol. The pointer
now changes in to a hand symbol and we have to point out the object to spy the state of
http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/category/automation-testing/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/category/automation-testing/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/category/qtp/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/category/questions-answers/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/category/questions-answers/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/category/software-testing-interview-questions-with-answers/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/category/software-testing-interview-questions-with-answers/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/category/automation-testing/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/category/qtp/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/category/questions-answers/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/category/software-testing-interview-questions-with-answers/ -
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
2/49
the object. If at all the object is not visible or window is minimized then hold the Ctrl
button and activate the required window to and release the Ctrl button.
5. What is the file extension of the code file and object repository file in QTP?
File extension of
Per test object rep: filename.mtrShared Object rep: filename.tsr
Code file extension id: script.mts
6. Explain the concept of object repository and how QTP recognizes objects?
Object Repository: displays a tree of all objects in the current component or in the
current action or entire test( depending on the object repository mode you selected).
we can view or modify the test object description of any test object in the repository or toadd new objects to the repository.
Quicktest learns the default property values and determines in which test object class it
fits. If it is not enough it adds assistive properties, one by one to the description until ithas compiled the unique description. If no assistive properties are available, then it adds a
special Ordianl identifier such as objects location on the page or in the source code.
7. What are the properties you would use for identifying a browser and page when
using descriptive programming?
name would be another property apart from title that we can use. ORWe can also use the property micClass.
ex: Browser(micClass:=browser).page(micClass:=page)
8. What are the different scripting languages you could use when working withQTP?
You can write scripts using following languages:
Visual Basic (VB), XML, JavaScript, Java, HTML
9. Tell some commonly used Excel VBA functions.
Common functions are:
Coloring the cell, Auto fit cell, setting navigation from link in one cell to other saving
10. Explain the keyword createobject with an example.
Creates and returns a reference to an Automation object
syntax: CreateObject(servername.typename [, location])
Argumentsservername:Required. The name of the application providing the object.
typename : Required. The type or class of the object to create.
location : Optional. The name of the network server where the object is to be created.
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
3/49
11. Explain in brief about the QTP Automation Object Model.
Essentially all configuration and run functionality provided via the QuickTest interface is
in some way represented in the QuickTest automation object model via objects, methods,and properties. Although a one-on-one comparison cannot always be made, most dialog
boxes in QuickTest have a corresponding automation object, most options in dialogboxes can be set and/or retrieved using the corresponding object property, and most menu
commands and other operations have corresponding automation methods. You can usethe objects, methods, and properties exposed by the QuickTest automation object model,
along with standard programming elements such as loops and conditional statements to
design your program.
12. How to handle dynamic objects in QTP?
QTP has a unique feature called Smart Object Identification/recognition. QTP generally
identifies an object by matching its test object and run time object properties. QTP may
fail to recognize the dynamic objects whose properties change during run time. Hence ithas an option of enabling Smart Identification, wherein it can identify the objects even if
their properties changes during run time.
Check out this:
If QuickTest is unable to find any object that matches the recorded object description, orif it finds more than one object that fits the description, then QuickTest ignores the
recorded description, and uses the Smart Identification mechanism to try to identify the
object.While the Smart Identification mechanism is more complex, it is more flexible, and thus,
if configured logically, a Smart Identification definition can probably help QuickTest
identify an object, if it is present, even when the recorded description fails.
The Smart Identification mechanism uses two types of properties:
Base filter properties The most fundamental properties of a particular test object class;
those whose values cannot be changed without changing the essence of the original
object. For example, if a Web links tag was changed from to any other value, you couldno longer call it the same object. Optional filter properties Other properties that can
help identify objects of a particular class as they are unlikely to change on a regular basis,
but which can be ignored if they are no longer applicable.
13. What is a Run-Time Data Table? Where can I find and view this table?
In QTP, there is data table used, which is used at runtime.-In QTP, select the option View->Data table.
-This is basically an excel file, which is stored in the folder of the test created, its name is
Default.xls by default.
14. How does Parameterization and Data-Driving relate to each other in QTP?
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
4/49
To data driven we have to parameterize. i.e. we have to make the constant value as
parameter, so that in each interaction(cycle) it takes a value that is supplied in run-time
data table. Through parameterization only we can drive a transaction (action) withdifferent sets of data. You know running the script with the same set of data several times
is not suggested, and its also of no use.
15. What is the difference between Call to Action and Copy Action.?
Call to Action: The changes made in Call to Action, will be reflected in the originalaction (from where the script is called). But where as in Copy Action , the changes made
in the script ,will not effect the original script(Action)
16. Explain the concept of how QTP identifies object.
During recording qtp looks at the object and stores it as test object. For each test object
QT learns a set of default properties called mandatory properties, and look at the rest of
the objects to check whether this properties are enough to uniquely identify the object.During test run, QTP searches for the run time objects that matches with the test object it
learned while recording.
17. Differentiate the two Object Repository Types of QTP.
Object repository is used to store all the objects in the application being tested.
Types of object repository: Per action and shared repository.
In shared repository only one centralized repository for all the tests. where as in peraction for each test a separate per action repository is created.
18. What the differences are and best practical application of Object Repository?
Per Action: For Each Action, one Object Repository is created.
Shared: One Object Repository is used by entire application
19. Explain what the difference between Shared Repository and Per Action
Repository
Shared Repository: Entire application uses one Object Repository , that similar to Global
GUI Map file in WinRunner
Per Action: For each Action, one Object Repository is created, like GUI map file per test
in WinRunner
20. Have you ever written a compiled module? If yes tell me about some of the
functions that you wrote.
Sample answer (You can tell about modules you worked on. If your answer is Yes then
You should expect more questions and should be able to explain those modules in later
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
5/49
questions): I Used the functions for Capturing the dynamic data during runtime. Function
used for Capturing Desktop, browser and pages.
21. Can you do more than just capture and playback?
Sample answer (Say Yes only if you worked on): I have done Dynamically capturing theobjects during runtime in which no recording, no playback and no use of repository is
done AT ALL.
-It was done by the windows scripting using the DOM(Document Object Model) of thewindows.
22. How to do the scripting. Are there any inbuilt functions in QTP? What is the
difference between them? How to handle script issues?
Yes, theres an in-built functionality called Step Generator in Insert->Step->Step
Generator -F7, which will generate the scripts as you enter the appropriate steps.
23. What is the difference between check point and output value?
An output value is a value captured during the test run and entered in the run-time but to
a specified location.
EX:-Location in Data Table[Global sheet / local sheet]
24. How many types of Actions are there in QTP?
There are three kinds of actions:
Non-reusable action An action that can be called only in the test with which it is stored,
and can be called only once.Reusable action An action that can be called multiple times by the test with which it isstored (the local test) as well as by other tests.
External action A reusable action stored with another test. External actions are read-
only in the calling test, but you can choose to use a local, editable copy of the Data Tableinformation for the external action.
25. I want to open a Notepad window without recording a test and I do not want to
use System utility Run command as well. How do I do this?
You can still make the notepad open without using the record or System utility script, just
by mentioning the path of the notepad ( i.e. where the notepad.exe is stored in thesystem) in the Windows Applications Tab of the Record and Run Settings window.
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
6/49
Database connections
Database connections
Database connection is a facility in computer science that allows client software tocommunicate with database server software, whether on the same machine or not.
SQL Server connection strings
SQL ODBC connection strings
Standard Security:
"Driver={SQLServer};Server=Your_Server_Name;Database=Your_Database_Name;Uid
=Your_Username;Pwd=Your_Password;"
Trusted connection:
"Driver={SQLServer};Server=Your_Server_Name;Database=Your_Database_Name;Trusted_Connection=yes;"
SQL OLE DB connection strings
Standard Security:
"Provider=SQLOLEDB;Data Source=Your_Server_Name;Initial Catalog=
Your_Database_Name;UserId=Your_Username;Password=Your_Password;"
Trusted connection:
"Provider=SQLOLEDB;Data Source=Your_Server_Name;InitialCatalog=Your_Database_Name;Integrated Security=SSPI;"
SQL OleDbConnection .NET strings
Standard Security:
"Provider=SQLOLEDB;Data Source=Your_Server_Name;Initial Catalog=Your_Database_Name;UserId=Your_Username;Password=Your_Password;"
Trusted connection:"Provider=SQLOLEDB;Data Source=Your_Server_Name;Initial
Catalog=Your_Database_Name;Integrated Security=SSPI;"
SQL SqlConnection .NET stringsStandard Security:
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
7/49
1. "Data Source=Your_Server_Name;Initial Catalog=
Your_Database_Name;UserId=Your_Username;Password=Your_Password;" < br>2.
"Server=Your_Server_Name;Database=Your_Database_Name;UserID=Your_Username;Password=Your_Password;Trusted_Connection=False"
Trusted connection:1. "Data Source=Your_Server_Name;Initial Catalog=Your_Database_Name;Integrated
Security=SSPI;"
2."Server=Your_Server_Name;Database=Your_Database_Name;Trusted_Connection=True;"
MS Access connection strings
MS Access ODBC connection strings
Standard Security:"Driver=
{MicrosoftAccessDriver(*.mdb)};DBQ=C:\App1\Your_Database_Name.mdb;Uid=Your
_Username;Pwd=Your_Password;"
Workgroup:
"Driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)}; Dbq=C:\App1\Your_Database_Name.mdb;
SystemDB=C:\App1\Your_Database_Name.mdw;"
Exclusive "Driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)};
DBQ=C:\App1\Your_Database_Name.mdb; Exclusive=1; Uid=Your_Username;Pwd=Your_Password;"
MS Access OLE DB & OleDbConnection (.NET framework) connection strings
Open connection to Access database:"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0; Data Source=c:\App1\Your_Database_Name.mdb;
User Id=admin; Password="
Open connection to Access database using Workgroup (System database):"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0; Data Source=c:\App1\Your_Database_Name.mdb;
Jet OLEDB:System Database=c:\App1\Your_System_Database_Name.mdw"
Open connection to password protected Access database:
"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0; Data Source=c:\App1\Your_Database_Name.mdb;
Jet OLEDB:Database Password=Your_Password"
Open connection to Access database located on a network share:
"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0; DataSource=\\Server_Name\Share_Name\Share_Path\Your_Database_Name.mdb"
Open connection to Access database located on a remote server:
"Provider=MS Remote; Remote Server=http://Your-Remote-Server-IP; RemoteProvider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0; Data Source=c:\App1\Your_Database_Name.mdb"
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
8/49
MySQL connection strings
MySQL ODBC connection stringsOpen connection to local MySQL database using MySQL ODBC 3.51 Driver
"Provider=MSDASQL; DRIVER={MySQL ODBC 3.51Driver}; SERVER= localhost;
DATABASE=Your_MySQL_Database; UID= Your_Username;PASSWORD=Your_Password; OPTION=3"
MySQL OLE DB & OleDbConnection (.NET framework) connection strings
Open connection to MySQL database:"Provider=MySQLProv;Data Source=Your_MySQL_Database;User
Id=Your_Username; Password=Your_Password;"
Oracle connection strings
Oracle ODBC connection strings
Open connection to Oracle database using ODBC
"Driver= {MicrosoftODBCforOracle};Server=Your_Oracle_Server.world;Uid=Your_Username;Pwd=Your_
Password;"
Oracle OLE DB & OleDbConnection (.NET framework) connection strings
Open connection to Oracle database with standard security:1. "Provider=MSDAORA;Data Source=
Your_Oracle_Database;UserId=Your_Username;Password=Your_Password;"
2. "Provider=OraOLEDB.Oracle;Your_Oracle_Database;UserId=Your_Username;Password=Your_Pa
ssword;"
Open trusted connection to Oracle database
"Provider= OraOLEDB.Oracle;DataSource=Your_Oracle_Database;OSAuthent=1;"
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
9/49
Dynamic Handling of Object Repositories
Dynamic handling of object Repositories
Loading repositories during running, finding path of the repositories
and removing repositories is called Dynamic Handling of ObjectRepositories.
Using this feature we can increase QTP performance. To do this, QTP isproviding an object called RepositoriesCollection.
Syntax for Loading a Repository:
RepositoriesCollection.Add Path of the Repository File
Syntax for finding Position of the Repository:
Variable=RepositoriesCollection.Find(Path of the Repository)
Syntax for Removing the Repository:
RepositoriesCollection.Remove(position)
Syntax for Removing All Repositories:RepositoriesCollection.RemoveAll
Example:
RepPath="C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\My
Documents\Login.tsr"RepositoriesCollection.Add (RepPath)
systemutil.Run "C:\Program Files\HP\QuickTest
Professional\samples\flight\app\flight4a.exe"Dialog("Login").Activate
Dialog("Login").WinEdit("Agent Name:").Set "sudhakar"Dialog("Login").WinEdit("Password:").Set "mercury"
Dialog("Login").WinButton("OK").Clickpos=RepositoriesCollection.Find(RepPath)
RepositoriesCollection.Remove(pos)
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
10/49
RepositoriesCollection.RemoveAll***********************************
Go to home page for QTP Guide, Script examples, Interview questionsand Framework etc.
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
11/49
1. What makes a good QA or test manager?
A good QA, test, or QA/Test(combined) manager should:
1. be familiar with the software development process
2. be able to maintain enthusiasm of their team and promote a positive atmosphere,
despite
3. what is a somewhat 'negative' process (e.g., looking for or preventing problems)
4. be able to promote teamwork to increase productivity
5. be able to promote cooperation between software, test, and QA engineers
6. have the diplomatic skills needed to promote improvements in QA processes
7. have the ability to withstand pressures and say 'no' to other managers when
quality is insufficient or QA processes are not being adhered to8. have people judgement skills for hiring and keeping skilled personnel
8. be able to communicate with technical and non-technical people, engineers,
managers, and customers.
9. be able to run meetings and keep them focused
2. What if there is not enough time for thorough testing?
He should be able to identify the test strategy based on the scope of the release to
minimise the stress on the team.
Use risk analysis to determine where testing should be focused.
Since it's rarely possible to test every possible aspect of an application, every
possible combination of events, every dependency, or everything that could go
wrong, risk analysis is appropriate to most software development projects. This
requires judgement skills, common sense, and experience. Considerations can
include:
? Which functionality is most important to the project's intended purpose.
? Which functionality is most visible to the user.
? Which functionality has the largest safety impact.
? Which functionality has the largest financial impact on users.
? Which aspects of the application are most important to the customer.
? Which aspects of the application can be tested early in the development cycle.
? Which parts of the code are most complex, and thus most subject to errors.
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
12/49
? Which parts of the application were developed in rush or panic mode.
? Which aspects of similar/related previous projects caused problems.
? Which aspects of similar/related previous projects had large maintenance
expenses.
? Which parts of the requirements and design are unclear or poorly thought out.
? What do the developers think are the highest-risk aspects of the application.? What kinds of problems would cause the worst publicity.
? What kinds of problems would cause the most customer service complaints.
? What kinds of tests could easily cover multiple functionalities.
? Which tests will have the best high-risk-coverage to time-required ratio.
Test scenarios with high severity needs to be tested with priority
3. What if an organization is growing so fast that fixed QA processes are impossible
This is a common problem in the software industry, especially in new technology
areas. There is no easy solution in this situation, other than:
? Hire good people
? Management should 'ruthlessly prioritize' quality issues and maintain focus on the
customer
? Everyone in the organization should be clear on what 'quality' means to thecustomer
When time is a crunch, Project team might opt for Agile Testing. In Agile Testing,
testers are a part of requirement/development discussions and have a good amount
of knowledge about system under test. One of the major characteristics of Agile
testing is small and frequent releases, and good amount of regression on already
deployed part. Daily scrum meetings are a key factor, and development and testing
go hand in hand with very little documentation. If the team encounters a defect,
development and business team is immediately informed and everyone works on ittogether.
What if the project is not big enough to justify extensive testing?
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
13/49
Consider the impact of project errors, not the size of the project. However, if
extensive testing is still not justified, risk analysis is again needed. The tester might
then do adhoc testing, or write up a limited test plan based on the risk analysis.
Understanding the customer requirement is the key here.....
5. What should be done after a bug is found.
The bug needs to be communicated and assigned to developers that can fix it. Afterthe problem is resolved, fixes should be re-tested, and determinations made
regarding requirements for regression testing to check that fixes didn't create
problems elsewhere. If a problem-tracking system is in place, it should encapsulate
these processes. A variety of commercial problem-tracking/management software
tools are available (see the 'Tools' section for web resources with listings of such
tools). The following are items to consider in the tracking process:
? Complete information such that developers can understand the bug, get an idea of
it's severity, and reproduce it if necessary.
? Bug identifier (number, ID, etc.)
? Current bug status (e.g., 'Released for Retest', 'New', etc.)
? The application name or identifier and version? The function, module, feature, object, screen, etc. where the bug occurred
? Environment specifics, system, platform, relevant hardware specifics
? Test case name/number/identifier
? One-line bug description
? Full bug description
? Description of steps needed to reproduce the bug if not covered by a test case or if
the developer doesn't have easy access to the test case/test script/test tool
? Names and/or descriptions of file/data/messages/etc. used in test
? File excerpts/error messages/log file excerpts/screen shots/test tool logs that would
be helpful in finding the cause of the problem
? Severity estimate (a 5-level range such as 1-5 or 'critical'-to-'low' is common)? Was the bug reproducible?
? Tester name
? Test date
? Bug reporting date
? Name of developer/group/organization the problem is assigned to
? Description of problem cause
? Description of fix
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
14/49
? Code section/file/module/class/method that was fixed
? Date of fix
? Application version that contains the fix
? Tester responsible for retest
? Retest date
? Retest results? Regression testing requirements
? Tester responsible for regression tests
? Regression testing results
A reporting or tracking process should enable notification of appropriate personnel
at various stages. For instance, testers need to know when retesting is needed,
developers need to know when bugs are found and how to get the needed
information, and reporting/summary capabilities are needed for managers.
1.The first stp after bug is found is t rerodce it an note down the stpes for reroductinver clearly.
2. Then the bugs description and its stpes for reprodcingshould be psoted in tool
used by team.
3. If possible peer review of the bugs should be done.
4. Bug posted should b communicaed to team or if tool has inbulit feature of
cimmunicating the bugs, that is also fine.
5. After the bug is fixed, should be tken fo esting the same and any other related
functionlities to the posed bugs efore closing the bug.
Posted by: radha kerur
Contact radha kerur
1}test case id
2}date of test case run
3}test data
4}steps
5}priority
6}severity
7}defect tiagia
Posted by: niranjan
http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=45275http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=45275 -
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
15/49
Contact niranjan
After a bug is found it needs to be reported to the development team to get it
fix.Give the developers something to work with so that theycan reproduce the
problem.1)Give a brief description of the Problem.Explain what is wrong.
2)List the steps that are needed to reproduce the bug.
3)Supply relevant information such as:
a)Version
b)Product
c)Data Used
4)Suppy the Documentation.If the Process is a report,include the copy of report
with the problem area highlighted.
5)Summarize what you think the problem is.
Posted by: Divya Gupta
Contact Divya Gupta
After finding bug repot to the Test leader with bug details like bug
id,name,location,sevirity and priority.
Posted by: ashwini a.c.
Contact ashwini a.c.
After finding a bug : first we check if any other test engineer send same bug or not
because some time dev team reject the bug if is dupliacate if some one already send
the same bug
after confirming our bug is not duplicate we repare bug report
1. BUg id
2. module name
3. requriment no.
4 status of bug
5 severity
6 piritory
7. test envirnomnet
8. breif description
9. detail description
http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=54134http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=54688http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=55015http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=54134http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=54688http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=55015 -
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
16/49
10. actual result
11. expected result
12. some case sreen shoot
13. upload to dev team to budg report
Posted by: pavitha
Contact pavitha
Once a bug is found the following steps should take place:
1. the tester should report the bug to the test lead.
2. the test lead would verify the bug and if the bug is not valid then it would be
rejectd.3. if the bug is valid the test lead would report it to the development team.
4. then the development lead would verify the bug and if not valid then the
development lead would assign it back to the testing team
5. if the bug is valid then the development lead would assign it to the developer .
6. once the bug is fixed by the developer he passes it to the development lead for
verification again.
7. After that the development lead passes it back to the testing team for Retesting.
6. What makes a good software QA engineer
http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=55698http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=55698 -
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
17/49
The same qualities a good tester has are useful for a QA engineer. Additionally, they
must be able to understand the entire software development process and how it can
fit into the business approach and goals of the organization. Communication skills
and the ability to understand various sides of issues are important. In organizations
in the early stages of implementing QA processes, patience and diplomacy are
especially needed. An ability to find problems as well as to see 'what's missing' isimportant for inspections and reviews.
Good QA should have:
1. Problem solving
2. Good memory power
3. Communication skills
4. No attitude
5. Good knowledge on Processes6. Ability to understand user problems clearly
7. Capable to suggest solutions by explaining advantages of implementation
7. What is a test plan?
A software project test plan is a document that describes the objectives, scope,
approach, and focus of a software testing effort. The process of preparing a test plan
is a useful way to think through the efforts needed to validate the acceptability of a
software product. The completed document will help people outside the test groupunderstand the 'why' and 'how' of product validation. It should be thorough enough
to be useful but not so thorough that no one outside the test group will read it. The
following are some of the items that might be included in a test plan, depending on
the particular project:
1. Title
2. Identification of software including version/release numbers
3. Revision history of document including authors, dates, approvals
4. Table of Contents
5. Purpose of document, intended audience
6. Objective of testing effort
7. Software product overview8. Relevant related document list, such as requirements, design documents, other
test plans, etc.
9. Relevant standards or legal requirements
10. Traceability requirements
11. Relevant naming conventions and identifier conventions
12. Overall software project organization and personnel/contact-info/responsibilties
13. Test organization and personnel/contact-info/responsibilities
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
18/49
14. Assumptions and dependencies
15. Project risk analysis
16. Testing priorities and focus
17. Scope and limitations of testing
18. Test outline - a decomposition of the test approach by test type, feature,
functionality, process, system, module, etc. as applicable19. Outline of data input equivalence classes, boundary value analysis, error classes
20. Test environment - hardware, operating systems, other required software, data
configurations, interfaces to other systems
21. Test environment validity analysis - differences between the test and production
systems and their impact on test validity.
22. Test environment setup and configuration issues
23. Software migration processes
24. Software CM processes
25. Test data setup requirements
26. Database setup requirements
27. Outline of system-logging/error-logging/other capabilities, and tools such asscreen capture software, that will be used to help describe and report bugs
28. Discussion of any specialized software or hardware tools that will be used by
testers to help track the cause or source of bugs
29. Test automation - justification and overview
30. Test tools to be used, including versions, patches, etc.
31. Test script/test code maintenance processes and version control
32. Problem tracking and resolution - tools and processes
33. Project test metrics to be used
34. Reporting requirements and testing deliverables
35. Software entrance and exit criteria
36. Initial sanity testing period and criteria
37. Test suspension and restart criteria
38. Personnel allocation
39. Personnel pre-training needs
40. Test site/location
41. Outside test organizations to be utilized and their purpose, responsibilties,
deliverables, contact persons, and coordination issues
42. Relevant proprietary, classified, security, and licensing issues.
43. Open issues
It is a strategic document which contains some information that describes how to
perform testing an application in an effective, efficient and optimised way. It is a
project level term which is specific for a particular project.
Posted by: navari
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
19/49
Contact navari
its nothing but identifying ,isolating,Modifying,aand producing a defect free quality
product with user friendly
Posted by: sekhar
Contact sekhar
A test plan documents the strategy that will be used to verify and ensure that a
product or system meets its design specifications and other requirements. A test
plan is usually prepared by or with significant input from Test Engineers
Posted by: kalpesh
Contact kalpesh
Document that defines the overall testing approach is called as test plan.
Posted by: Subhashini
Contact Subhashini
Test Plan is a high level document which intimates how a product will pass the
testing activities, which will vary from product to product. Generally reputated
organisations will follow the IEEE standard Test Plan format. The test plan consists
about the resources utilization right from the manpower to the hardware info. This
also mentions the test cases developed based on requirements, and further how to
cater the changes (and updation of test cases or scripts), how test bench should be
configured what are the resources required to establish the test bench, deployment
structure, implementation architecture etc.
Posted by: HNV Bhaskar
http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=47622http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=47622http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=55529http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=56717http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=56717http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=57048http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=57048http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=47622http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=55529http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=56717http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=57048 -
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
20/49
Contact HNV Bhaskar
Test Plan should containing the details about the testing process. It is prepeared
during the project planning phases.It should be containing the details about the
resources to be requred, the testing approches to be followed, and testmethedologies,test case etc.
Posted by: rajisreelas
Contact rajisreelas
A test plan is basically a document that has the information about the scope , people,
testing approach, deliverables means test or test cases, enviroment needed anyadditional risks as well as testing tasks and schedule.
Posted by: abha
Contact abha
Test plan is a strategy Doc describe how to perform testing on an application with
effective, efficient & optimized way
Posted by: ch l kishore
Contact ch l kishore
Test plan is a high level design document it should prepare by project manager or
team lead
Posted by: deepthi
Contact deepthi
http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=57448http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=60766http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=60887http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=60887http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=60960http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=60960http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=61285http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=57448http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=60766http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=60887http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=60960http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=61285 -
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
21/49
Test plan is a Strategic Document Which Contains Some Information That
Describes How to Perform a Testing on an Application in an Effective and Efficient
and Optimization Manner
Posted by: Firoz
Contact Firoz
Test Plan is describes the way in witch we will show our customers that the software
works correctly.
Posted by: poonam bhosale
Contact poonam bhosale
Test plan describes a strategic document.This document contains ,how to perform
testing an application in an efficient manner& optimized way.
Optimization:--It is a process of utilizing the available resources to their level best
and getting the maximum possible output.
Posted by: Ajanta Lakshmi
Contact Ajanta Lakshmi
Test Plan is a document which describes about the object,scope,resources & nature
of the project.
Posted by: swaroop
Contact swaroop
A test specification is called a test plan. The developers are well aware what test
plans will be executed and this information is made available to management and
the developers. The idea is to make them more cautious when developing their code
http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=61594http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=61594http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=61980http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=62466http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=63840http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=63840http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=61594http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=61980http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=62466http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=63840 -
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
22/49
or making additional changes. Some companies have a higher-level document called
a test strategy.
Posted by: vani
Contact vani
after complition of test strategy doc preparation,corresponding test tool will
concentrate on test plan
1.team formation
2.identify tactical risks
3.test plans
4.test review
TEAM FORMATION:test planning starts with team formation.in this test lead can fallow suset
a.project size
b.project time
c.project resourse
these are called work break down strucher.
identify tactical risks:
after completion of team formation test will concentrate on identical tactical risks
.lack of knowledge on current project
.lack of resourse
.lack of time
.lack of documentation
.lack of development sid seriousness
.lask of communication
TESTPLAN:
after complition of above 2,test laead will concentrate on test plann in ieee 829
format
in this format will concentrate these subsete
what to test
how to test
when to test
REVIEW TEST PLAN
after completion of test plan corresponding test lead can review those documents
along with pm for completeness and correctness...
http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=66483http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=66483 -
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
23/49
8. What is verification? Validation?
Verification typically involves reviews and meetings to evaluate documents, plans,
code, requirements, and specifications. This can be done with checklists, issues lists,
walkthroughs, and inspection meetings. Validation typically involves actual testing
and takes place after verifications are completed. The term 'IV & V' refers to
Independent Verification and Validation.
Verification :- IS the product build right.
Validation :- Is the right product build.
Posted by: Devanand
Contact Devanand
verification is the process which is done before code is developed.Different
verification techniques include reviews, inspections, walkthroughs..
validation is the process which is done after code is developed . eg: testing
Posted by: satya
Contact satya
verification--wether the sysyem is right or not
validation--wether the system is right system or not
Posted by: pavan
Contact pavan
Are we building product right? and Are we building right product?
http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=44728http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=44960http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=48606http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=48606http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=44728http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=44960http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=48606 -
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
24/49
Posted by: shankar
Contact shankar
verification: verification is the process which determines whether the product being
developed is in the right way or not.
Validation: is the process to verify whether the developed product is right.
Posted by: pavan
Contact pavan
Verification : Are we building the right product.( requirement review,design review,
code walkthrough)
Validation : Are we building the product right.(Actual testing during STLC)
9. How ca world wide web sites be tested?
? What are the expected loads on the server (e.g., number of hits per unit time?),
and what kind of performance is required under such loads (such as web server
response time, database query response times). What kinds of tools will be needed
for performance testing (such as web load testing tools, other tools already in house
that can be adapted, web robot downloading tools, etc.)?
? Who is the target audience? What kind of browsers will they be using? What kind
of connection speeds will they by using? Are they intra- organization (thus with
likely high connection speeds and similar browsers) or Internet-wide (thus with a
wide variety of connection speeds and browser types)?
? What kind of performance is expected on the client side (e.g., how fast should
pages appear, how fast should animations, applets, etc. load and run)?
? Will down time for server and content maintenance/upgrades be allowed? how
much?
? What kinds of security (firewalls, encryptions, passwords, etc.) will be required
and what is it expected to do? How can it be tested?
? How reliable are the site's Internet connections required to be? And how does that
affect backup system or redundant connection requirements and testing?
http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=54630http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=54713http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=54713http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=54630http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=54713 -
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
25/49
? What processes will be required to manage updates to the web site's content, and
what are the requirements for maintaining, tracking, and controlling page content,
graphics, links, etc.?
? Which HTML specification will be adhered to? How strictly? What variations will
be allowed for targeted browsers?
? Will there be any standards or requirements for page appearance and/or graphicsthroughout a site or parts of a site??
? How will internal and external links be validated and updated? how often?
? Can testing be done on the production system, or will a separate test system be
required? How are browser caching, variations in browser option settings, dial-up
connection variabilities, and real-world internet 'traffic congestion' problems to be
accounted for in testing?
? How extensive or customized are the server logging and reporting requirements;
are they considered an integral part of the system and do they require testing?
? How are cgi programs, applets, javascripts, ActiveX components, etc. to be
maintained, tracked, controlled, and tested?
Some sources of site security information include the Usenet newsgroup'comp.security.announce' and links concerning web site security in the 'Other
Resources' section.
Some usability guidelines to consider - these are subjective and may or may not
apply to a given situation (Note: more information on usability testing issues can be
found in articles about web site usability in the 'Other Resources' section):
? Pages should be 3-5 screens max unless content is tightly focused on a single topic.
If larger, provide internal links within the page.
? The page layouts and design elements should be consistent throughout a site, so
that it's clear to the user that they're still within a site.
? Pages should be as browser-independent as possible, or pages should be provided
or generated based on the browser-type.
? All pages should have links external to the page; there should be no dead-end
pages.
? The page owner, revision date, and a link to a contact person or organization
should be included on each page.
to check the load of website in diffrent browsers ,to test the stress testing to using
how can be load control of website
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
26/49
10. What if the application has functionality that wasnt in the requirements?
It may take serious effort to determine if an application has significant unexpected
or hidden functionality, and it would indicate deeper problems in the software
development process. If the functionality isn't necessary to the purpose of the
application, it should be removed, as it may have unknown impacts or dependencies
that were not taken into account by the designer or the customer. If not removed,
design information will be needed to determine added testing needs or regression
testing needs. Management should be made aware of any significant added risks asa result of the unexpected functionality. If the functionality only effects areas such
as minor improvements in the user interface, for example, it may not be a significant
risk.
That functionality need to be discussed within the team (QA and Development) to
measure the impact on the application and also indicating the risk. if there is not
enough time left then better to remove the function and declare it has enhancement
for the future release.
11. How does a clint/server environment affect testing?
Client/server applications can be quite complex due to the multiple dependenciesamong clients, data communications, hardware, and servers. Thus testing
requirements can be extensive. When time is limited (as it usually is) the focus
should be on integration and system testing. Additionally, load/stress/performance
testing may be useful in determining client/server application limitations and
capabilities. There are commercial tools to assist with such testing.
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
27/49
12. How can it be known when to stop testing?
This can be difficult to determine. Many modern software applications are so
complex, and run in such an interdependent environment, that complete testing can
never be done. Common factors in deciding when to stop are:
? Deadlines (release deadlines, testing deadlines, etc.)
? Test cases completed with certain percentage passed
? Test budget depleted
? Coverage of code/functionality/requirements reaches a specified point
? Bug rate falls below a certain level
? Beta or alpha testing period ends
This can be difficult to determine. Many modern software applications are so
complex, and run in such an interdependent environment, that complete testing can
never be done. Common factors in deciding when to stop are:
? Deadlines (release deadlines, testing deadlines, etc.)
? Test cases completed with certain percentage passed
? Test budget depleted
? Coverage of code/functionality/requirements reaches a specified point
? Bug rate falls below a certain level
? Beta or alpha testing period ends
Posted by: sudhakar
Contact sudhakar
Testing should be stopped when
1.Deadlines e.g. release deadlines
2.Bug rate falls below certain level
3.Testcase completed with certain percentage passed
4.alpha and beta testing period ends.
5.Test Budget depleted
Posted by: Namrata Shah
http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=54169http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=54169 -
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
28/49
Contact Namrata Shah
when the software meet the user requirenment specification and complete the user
acceptance testing in this complete beta testing that time stop the testing.
Posted by: kalpesh
Contact kalpesh
Testing can be stopped when all the functionalities are satisfied and there are no
bugs found in the application
Posted by: saravanaraj
Contact saravanaraj
Exit criteria can be defined during the test planning stage depending upon the
schedules( available time frame for testing),complexity of code and business
impact,budget and the test coverage along with the predefined approximate defect
closure information(for example there should not be any open sev1 or sev2
issues(code defects open) before the production deployment)and based on this we
can decide when to stop or complete the testing activity.
Posted by: anjali k
Contact anjali k
1.if test engineer feels that the product is defect free.
2.when the dead lines comes.
3.we stop testing after completion of customer acceptance test
Posted by: suresh
Contact suresh
http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=55517http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=56757http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=56757http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=57580http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=60633http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=61170http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=61170http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=55517http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=56757http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=57580http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=60633http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=61170 -
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
29/49
When to stop testing "is one of the most difficult questions to a test engineers.the
following are some important and common test stop criteria on the basis of that one
can stop testing.
1-All the high priority bugs are fixed.
2-The rate at which bugs are found is become too small.
3-The budget of testing is exhausted.4-The project duration is completed.
5-the risk in the project is under acceptable limit.
In other word practically ,we feel that the decision of stopping testing is based on
the level of the risk acceptable to the management.
Posted by: Rituraj Polak
Contact Rituraj Polak
when accepted criteria document will match with the present project document in
that time we will stop testing
Posted by: shiva leela
Contact shiva leela
few impotent points
1-when All the high priority bugs are fixed.
2-The budget of testing is exhausted.
3-The project duration is completed.
4-the risk in the project is under acceptable limit.
13. What is a test case?
A test case is a document that describes an input, action, or event and an expected
response, to determine if a feature of an application is working correctly. A test case
should contain particulars such as test case identifier, test case name, objective, test
conditions/setup, input data requirements, steps, and expected results.
Note that the process of developing test cases can help find problems in the
requirements or design of an application, since it requires completely thinking
http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=61199http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=61199http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=62536http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=61199http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=62536 -
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
30/49
through the operation of the application. For this reason, it's useful to prepare test
cases early in the development cycle if possible.
Test case can be defined as Set of input parameters for software is tested.
Posted by: Sanky
Contact Sanky
Test Case means
A Case that validate a particular condition.
Posted by: Gautam
Contact Gautam
Test Case is a set of steps with user action and subsequent response from the system
in terms of step name, step description and expected result.
STEP Name| Step Desc| Expected Result
| |
Posted by: Smruti Sabat
Contact Smruti Sabat
Test Case is a statement that defines WHAT specific function/feature of the
application will be tested by the test. System Requirements serve as good inputs for
creating Test Cases.
Posted by: maheswar reddy
Contact maheswar reddy
http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=40364http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=40442http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=43168http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=43168http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=45428http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=40364http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=40442http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=43168http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=45428 -
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
31/49
Test cases is a sequence of steps to test the correct behavior of a
functionality/feature of an application
A test case should have an input description, Test Sequence and an Expected
Behaviour.
ex.,Test Sequence:
Schedule a report [ This can be treated as a Title as well as Test Sequence. Sequence
here is the order in which this step is to be executed. The test case document should
be prepared in such a way that the test cases should follow a sequence]
Test Input Description:
1.Login to as administrator.
2. Go to Reports page
3. Click on the ?Schedule reports' button
4. Add reports
5. Update
Expected Results:
The report schedule should get added to the report schedule table. Provisioning
status of the reports should get handled
Posted by: Kiran Antony
Contact Kiran Antony
test case is set of inputs given to specific build in order to compare the expected
results of customer with actual values observed from build
Posted by: siva
Contact siva
test cases should have following datas:
1.Test case ID
2.Unit of test case(what to be varified)
3.Test data(variables and their values)
4.Steps to be executed
5.Expected result
6.Actual result
http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=48067http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=48372http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=48067http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=48372 -
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
32/49
7. Pass/Fail
8.Comment
Posted by: akanksha panday
Contact akanksha panday
Test case is a written down document by referring to which we can validate the
application
14. What is a TRM?
TRM means Test Responsibility Matrix.
TRM: --- It indicates mapping between test factors and development stages...
Test factors like:
Ease of use, reliability, portability, authorization, access control, audit trail, ease of
operates, maintainable... Like dat...
Development stages...
Requirement gathering, Analysis, design, coding, testing, and maintenance
15. What is agile testing?
Agile testing is used whenever customer requirements are changing dynamically
If we have no SRS, BRS but we have test cases does you execute the test cases
blindly or do you follow any other process.
Test case would have detail steps of what the application is supposed to do.
1) Functionality of application.
2) In addition you can refer to Backend, is mean look into the Database. To gain
more knowledge of the application.
16. In what basis you will write test cases?
http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=53437http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=53437http://www.coolinterview.com/contact-author.asp?answerId=53437 -
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
33/49
I would write the Test cases based on Functional Specifications and BRDs and some
more test cases using the Domain knowledge.
i will write the test cases by understanding the user requirements clearly after that iwrite the test cases
17. For web applications what type of testing you are going to do?
Web-based applications present new challenges, these challenges include:
- Short release cycles;
- Constantly Changing Technology;- Possible huge number of users during initial website launch;
- Inability to control the user's running environment;
- 24-hour availability of the web site.
The quality of a website must be evident from the Onset. Any difficulty whether in
response time, accuracy of information, or ease of use-will compel the user to click
to a competitor's site. Such problems translate into lost of users, lost sales, and poor
company image.
To overcome these types of problems, use the following techniques:
1. Functionality Testing
Functionality testing involves making Sure the features that most affect user
interactions work properly. These include:
? forms
? searches
? pop-up windows
? shopping carts
? online payments
2. Usability TestingMany users have low tolerance for anything that is difficult to use or that does not
work. A user's first impression of the site is important, and many websites have
become cluttered with an increasing number of features. For general-use websites
frustrated users can easily click over a competitor's site.
Usability testing involves following main steps
? identify the website's purpose;
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
34/49
? identify the indented users ;
? define tests and conduct the usability testing
? analyze the acquired information
3. Navigation Testing
Good Navigation is an essential part of a website, especially those that are complexand provide a lot of information. Assessing navigation is a major part of usability
Testing.
4. Forms Testing
Websites that use forms need tests to ensure that each field works properly and that
the forms posts all data as intended by the designer.
5. Page Content Testing
Each web page must be tested for correct content from the user perspective for
correct content from the user perspective. These tests fall into two categories:
ensuring that each component functions correctly and ensuring that the content ofeach is correct.
6. Configuration and Compatibility testing
A key challenge for web applications is ensuring that the user sees a web page as the
designer intended. The user can select different browser software and browser
options, use different network software and on-line service, and run other
concurrent applications. We execute the application under every browser/platform
combination to ensure the web sites work properly under various environments.
7. Reliability and Availability Testing
A key requirement o a website is that it Be available whenever the user requests it,
after 24-hours a day, every day. The number of users accessing web site
simultaneously may also affect the site's availability.
8. Performance Testing
Performance Testing, which evaluates System performance under normal and
heavy usage, is crucial to success of any web application. A system that takes for
long to respond may frustrate the user who can then quickly move to a competitor's
site. Given enough time, every page request will eventually be delivered.
Performance testing seeks to ensure that the website server responds to browser
requests within defined parameters.
9. Load Testing
The purpose of Load testing is to model real world experiences, typically by
generating many simultaneous users accessing the website. We use automation tools
to increases the ability to conduct a valid load test, because it emulates thousand of
users by sending simultaneous requests to the application or the server.
10. Stress Testing
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
35/49
Stress Testing consists of subjecting the system to varying and maximum loads to
evaluate the resulting performance. We use automated test tools to simulate loads
on website and execute the tests continuously for several hours or days.
11. Security Testing
Security is a primary concern when communicating and conducting business-especially sensitive and business- critical transactions - over the internet. The user
wants assurance that personal and financial information is secure. Finding the
vulnerabilities in an application that would grant an unauthorized user access to the
system is important.
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
36/49
18. What are the main key components in web applications and aclient and server
applications? ( differences)?
Answers:
For Web Applications: Web application can be implemented using any kind of
technology like Java, .NET, VB, ASP, CGI& PERL. Based on the technology,We
can derive the components.
Let's take Java Web Application. It can be implemented in 3 tier architecture.
Presentation tier (jsp, html, dthml,servlets, struts). Busienss Tier (Java Beans, EJB,
JMS) Data Tier(Databases like Oracle, SQL Server etc., )
If you take .NET Application, Presentation (ASP, HTML, DHTML), Business Tier(DLL) & Data Tier ( Database like Oracle, SQL Server etc.,)
Client Server Applications: It will have only 2 tiers. One is Presentation (Java,
Swing) and Data Tier (Oracle, SQL Server). If it is client Server architecture, the
entire application has to be installed on the client machine. When ever you do any
changes in your code, Again, It has to be installed on all the client machines. Where
as in Web Applications, Core Application will reside on the server and client can be
thin Client(browser). Whatever the changes you do, you have to install the
application in the server. NO need to worry about the clients. Because, You will not
install any thing on the client machine.
19. Smoke test? Do you use any automation tool for smoke testing?
Testing the application whether it's performing its basic functionality properly or
not, so that the test team can go ahead with the application. Definitely can use.
20. What are the differences between these words Error, Defect and Bug?
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
37/49
Error: The deviation from the required logic, syntax or standards/ethics is called as
error.
There are three types of error. They are:
Syntax error (This is due to deviation from the syntax of the language what
supposed to follow).Logical error (This is due to deviation from the logic of the program what supposed
to follow)
Execution error (This is generally happens when you are executing the same
program, that time you get it.)
Defect: When an error found by the test engineer (testing department) then it is
called defect
Bug: if the defect is agreed by the developer then it converts into bug, which has to
fix by the developer or post pond to next version.
21. Password is having 6 digit alphanumeric then what are the possible input
conditions?
Including special characters also Possible input conditions are:
1) Input password as = 6abcde (ie number first)
2) Input password as = abcde8 (ie character first)
3) Input password as = 123456 (all numbers)4) Input password as = abcdef (all characters)
5) Input password less than 6 digit
6) Input password greater than 6 digits
7) Input password as special characters
8) Input password in CAPITAL ie uppercase
9) Input password including space
10) (SPACE) followed by alphabets /numerical /alphanumerical/
21.a Define Brain Stromming and Cause Effect Graphing?
BS:
A learning technique involving open group discussion intended to expand the range
of available ideas
OR
A meeting to generate creative ideas. At PEPSI Advertising, daily, weekly and bi-
monthly brainstorming sessions are held by various work groups within the firm.
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
38/49
Our monthly I-Power brainstorming meeting is attended by the entire agency staff.
OR
Brainstorming is a highly structured process to help generate ideas. It is based on
the principle that you cannot generate and evaluate ideas at the same time. To use
brainstorming, you must first gain agreement from the group to try brainstorming
for a fixed interval (eg six minutes).
CEG:
A testing technique that aids in selecting, in a systematic way, a high-yield set of test
cases that logically relates causes to effects to produce test cases. It has a beneficial
side effect in pointing out incompleteness and ambiguities in specifications.
21.b Explain Software metrics?
Measurement is fundamental to any engineering disciplineWhy Metrics?
- We cannot control what we cannot measure!
- Metrics helps to measure quality
- Serves as dash-board
The main metrices are :size,shedule,defects.In this there are main sub metrices.
Test Coverage = Number of units (KLOC/FP) tested / total size of the system
Test cost (in %) = Cost of testing / total cost *100
Cost to locate defect = Cost of testing / the number of defects located
Defects detected in testing (in %) = Defects detected in testing / total systemdefects*100
Acceptance criteria tested = Acceptance criteria tested / total acceptance criteria
21.c What is Testing environment in your company, means how testing process
start?
Testing process is going as follows:
Quality assurance unit
Quality assurance manager
Test lead
Test engineer
21.d When a bug is found, what is the first action?
Report it in bug tracking tool.
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
39/49
21.e What is Bug life cycle?
New: when tester reports a defect
Open: when developer accepts that it is a bug or if the developer rejects the defect,then the status is turned into "Rejected"
Fixed: when developer make changes to the code to rectify the bug...
Closed/Reopen: when tester tests it again. If the expected result shown up, it is
turned into "Closed" and if the problem persists again, it's "Reopen".
For a Valid Defect -
1. New
2. Open
3. Ready for Retest/ Fixed4. If the issue is fixed, then change the status to close else reopen the defect and
inform the dev team regarding the same to rework on the defect.
5. Final Status is Closed
For a invalid Defect: -
1. New.
2. Open.
3. Rejected.
21.f Give an example of high priority and low severity, low priority and high
severity?
Severity level:
The degree of impact the issue or problem has on the project. Severity 1 usually
means the highest level requiring immediate attention. Severity 5 usually represents
a documentation defect of minimal impact.
Severity is levels:
* Critical: the software will not run
* High: unexpected fatal errors (includes crashes and data corruption)
* Medium: a feature is malfunctioning
* Low: a cosmetic issue
Severity levels
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
40/49
1. Bug causes system crash or data loss.
2. Bug causes major functionality or other severe problems; product crashes in
obscure cases.
3. Bug causes minor functionality problems, may affect "fit anf finish".
4. Bug contains typos, unclear wording or error messages in low visibility fields.
Severity levels
* High: A major issue where a large piece of functionality or major system
component is completely broken. There is no workaround and testing cannot
continue.
* Medium: A major issue where a large piece of functionality or major system
component is not working properly. There is a workaround, however, and testing
can continue.
* Low: A minor issue that imposes some loss of functionality, but for which there isan acceptable and easily reproducible workaround. Testing can proceed without
interruption.
Severity and Priority
Priority is Relative: the priority might change over time. Perhaps a bug initially
deemed P1 becomes rated as P2 or even a P3 as the schedule draws closer to the
release and as the test team finds even more heinous errors. Priority is a subjective
evaluation of how important an issue is, given other tasks in the queue and the
current schedule. It?s relative. It shifts over time. And it?s a business decision.
Severity is an absolute: it?s an assessment of the impact of the bug without regard to
other work in the queue or the current schedule. The only reason severity should
change is if we have new information that causes us to re-evaluate our assessment. If
it was a high severity issue when I entered it, it?s still a high severity issue when it?s
deferred to the next release. The severity hasn?t changed just because we?ve run out
of time. The priority changed.
Severity Levels can be defined as follow:
S1 - Urgent/Showstopper. Like system crash or error message forcing to close the
window.
Tester's ability to operate the system either totally (System Down), or almost totally,
affected. A major area of the users system is affected by the incident and it is
significant to business processes.
S2 - Medium/Workaround. Exist like when a problem is required in the specs but
tester can go on with testing. Incident affects an area of functionality but there is a
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
41/49
work-around which negates impact to business process. This is a problem that:
a) Affects a more isolated piece of functionality.
b) Occurs only at certain boundary conditions.
c) Has a workaround (where "don't do that" might be an acceptable answer to the
user).
d) Occurs only at one or two customers. or is intermittent
S3 - Low. This is for minor problems, such as failures at extreme boundary
conditions that are unlikely to occur in normal use, or minor errors in
layout/formatting. Problems do not impact use of the product in any substantive
way. These are incidents that are cosmetic in nature and of no or very low impact to
business processes.
21.g How you are breaking down the project among team members?
It can be depend on these following cases----
1) Number of modules
2) Number of team members
3) Complexity of the Project
4) Time Duration of the project
5) Team member's experience etc......
21.h What is test plan and explain its contents?
Test plan is a document which contains the scope for testing the application and
what to be tested, when to be tested and who to test.
test plan contents are:
1) Introduction
2) coverage of testing
3) test strategy
4) Base criteria
5) Test deliverable
6) Test environment
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
42/49
7) scheduling
8) Staffing and Training
9) Risks and solution plan
10) Assumptions
11) Approval information
21.i Diff. between STLC and SDLC?
STLC is software test life cycle it starts with
* Preparing the test strategy.
* Preparing the test plan.
* Creating the test environment.* Writing the test cases.
* Creating test scripts.
* Executing the test scripts.
* Analyzing the results and reporting the bugs.
* Doing regression testing.
* Test exiting.
SDLC is software or system development life cycle, phases are...
* Project initiation.
* Requirement gathering and documenting.* Designing.
* Coding and unit testing.
* Integration testing.
* System testing.
* Installation and acceptance testing. " Support or maintenance.
21.j What the main use of preparing a traceability matrix?
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
43/49
Traceability matrix is prepared in order to cross check the test cases designed
against each requirement, hence giving an opportunity to verify that all the
requirements are covered in testing the application.
(Or)
To Cross verify the prepared test cases and test scripts with user requirements. To
monitor the changes, enhance occurred during the development of the project.
IT is document which contain table of linking information for tracing back for
reference in any kind of confusions and questionability situations
21.k Advantages of automation over manual testing?
we test the application through manual then the reliability is not 100% because ifwe do testing 1000 times then we tested only 500 to 600 times but in Automation,its
give you a exactly output. Though automation we do faster,repeatable,
comprehensive testing.
21.l What is deferred status in defect life cycle?
Deferred status means the developer accepted the bus, but it is scheduled to rectify
in the next build.
21.m What is the maximum length of the test case we can write?
We can't say exactly test case length, it depending on functionality.
21.n There are two sand clocks(timers) one complete totally in 7 minutes and other
in 9-minutes we have to calculate with this timers and bang the bell after completion
of 11- minutes!plz give me the solution.
Answers:
1. Start both clocks
2. When 7 min clock complete, turn it so that it restarts.
3. When 9 min clock finish, turn 7 min clocks (It has 2 mints only).
4. When 7 min clock finishes, 11 min complete.
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
44/49
21.o What are the main bugs which were identified by you and in that how many
are considered as real bugs?
f you take one screen, let's say, it has got 50 Test conditions, out of which, I have
identified 5 defects which are failed. I should give the description defect, severity
and defect classfication. All the defects will be considered.
Defect Classification are:
GRP : Graphical RepresentationLOG : Logical Error
DSN : Design Error
STD : Standard Error
TST : Wrong Test case
TYP : Typographical Error (Cosmotic Error)
21.p Actually how many positive and negetive testcases will write for a module?
That depends on the module and complexity of logic. For every test case, we can
identify +ve and -ve points. Based on the criteria, we will write the test cases, If it is
crucial process or screen. We should check the screen,in all the boundary
conditions.
21.q What are cookies? Tell me the advantage and disadvantage of cookies?
Cookies are messages that web servers pass to your web browser when you visit
Internet sites. Your browser stores each message in a small file. When you request
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
45/49
another page from the server, your browser sends the cookie back to the server.
These files typically contain information about your visit to the web page, as well as
any information you've volunteered, such as your name and interests. Cookies are
most commonly used to track web site activity. When you visit some sites, the server
gives you a cookie that acts as your identification card. Upon each return visit to
that site, your browser passes that cookie back to the server. In this way, a webserver can gather information about which web pages are used the most, and which
pages are gathering the most repeat hits. Only the web site that creates the cookie
can read it. Additionally, web servers can only use information that you provide or
choices that you make while visiting the web site as content in cookies. Accepting a
cookie does not give a server access to your computer or any of your personal
information. Servers can only read cookies that they have set, so other servers do
not have access to your information. Also, it is not possible to execute code from a
cookie, and not possible to use a cookie to deliver a virus.
21.r What is mean by release notes?
It's a document released along with the product which explains about the product.
It also contains about the bugs that are in deferred status.
21.s What is Test Data Collection?
Test data is the collection of input data taken for testing the application. Various
types and size of input data will be taken for testing the applications. Sometimes in
critical application the test data collection will be given by the client also.
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
46/49
21.t What is bidirectional traceability?
Bidirectional traceability needs to be implemented both forward and backward (i.e.,
from requirements to end products and from end product back to requirements).
When the requirements are managed well, traceability can be established from the
source requirement to its lower level requirements and from the lower level
requirements back to their source. Such bidirectional traceability helps determine
that all source requirements have been completely addressed and that all lower level
requirements can be traced to a valid source.
21.u What are cookies? Tell me the advantage and disadvantage of cookies?
Cookies are messages that web servers pass to your web browser when you visit
Internet sites. Your browser stores each message in a small file. When you request
another page from the server, your browser sends the cookie back to the server.
These files typically contain information about your visit to the web page, as well as
any information you've volunteered, such as your name and interests. Cookies aremost commonly used to track web site activity. When you visit some sites, the server
gives you a cookie that acts as your identification card. Upon each return visit to
that site, your browser passes that cookie back to the server. In this way, a web
server can gather information about which web pages are used the most, and which
pages are gathering the most repeat hits. Only the web site that creates the cookie
can read it. Additionally, web servers can only use information that you provide or
choices that you make while visiting the web site as content in cookies. Accepting a
cookie does not give a server access to your computer or any of your personal
information. Servers can only read cookies that they have set, so other servers do
not have access to your information. Also, it is not possible to execute code from a
cookie, and not possible to use a cookie to deliver a virus.
21. a.a How many types object repository in QTP?
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
47/49
There are two types of objrct repositry in QTP.
1.object repositry per action mode.
2.Global object repositry.
there are two types of object repository in qtp
1)LOCAL
2)SHARED
21.a.b How can we generate script for exception handler in QTP?
Please can any one explain script also?
We can generate the script for exceptions using recovery scenario manager or with
in the script as well.
1)using recovery script get the properties of the exception object and add it in the
resources by naming the exception. We can create the recovery scenario in the
options and add it in the resources of the file menu.when generating the script after
the exception comes in type wait() please specify some umber like 10 or any value
in() so that it will wait and then add the recovery scenario over there ad continuewith the script
2)while writing the script with out using the recovery scenario use when event
occurs goto step umber and add the recovery scenario by what ever the type of
framework that you are using.
21.a.c What is action split and the purpose of using this in QTP? Also please
explain calling an action. How is this done and why is it done?
split action is mainly used for re-usability of the application.
action split is nothing but spliting a action in to two parts saperatelly.
on calling an action go 2 call action properties and select call existing action.
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
48/49
for suppose use have save a file in your desktop then this property comes in picture.
21.a.d I would appreciate your early replys
If u get that errror, please click on the Details Option in the Pop UP message that
comes, Then u will know where the error is.
After that Go to Object Repository, and Highlight the particular object,if it
highlights , then there may be problem in ur script.Otherwise , Add the Object to
the Repository by clicking on the Add Objects Button..
21.a.e How to pass parameters from one test to another test in QTP
am giving one exmple passing the values into 2 actions
Step1 : U will select the Action1 Properties and set input and output
parameters
'Action1 Script
Dim sum
sum = Parameter("t") 'Input parameter
msgbox(sum)
Parameter("a")=89 'Output Parameter
Step2 : Go to Action2
'Action2 Script
RunAction "Action1", oneIteration,"20",x
Msgbox(x) ' First Action Output parameter comes to Action2 Automatically
exitrun()
-
8/4/2019 Interview Questions on Manual and QTP
49/49
21.a.f What does it mean when a check point is in red color? what do u do?
A red color indicates failure. Here we analyze the cause for failure whether it is a
Script Issue or Environment Issue or a Application issue.
21.a.g How do we connect to Oracle database from QTP ?
Either we can user Microsoft Query Wizard,or we can connect by harcoding the DB
Connection string and all in Expert view.
We have to create a new DSN or we can use the existing DSN to connect to the
database