INTRODUCTION TO TRL-TOC / TN
JUNE 2014, ANKARA
Bülent ATAMER
DESIGN APPROACH-samples
• TOC/TC/TN/IC analysis in samples• soil• waste water • fertilizers• biomass• sludge and sediments
• Implying heterogenity• Imposing
• large sample size• High carbon content
DESIGN APPROACH-standards
Compliant with NCEA-C 1282ISO 10694EN 12089EN 13137 on solid samplesEPA 4151, 4153, 9060AStandart Method, 5310B, ISO 8245EN 1484ASTM D2579TS 8195 on water samples
DESIGN APPROACH-oxydation for TC
Carbon needs to be oxydized in order to be detected
Proper oxidation technique: HTC
HTC of high carbon loading!• Patent pending furnace design
– 2 zones– İsokinetic sampling– TRL catalyst– Relatively lower temperature in the catalyst
furnace
DESIGN APPROACH - TIC
TOC in solid samples IC required for TOC=TC-IC
• Auto acid dosing even in SS-Manual TRL-TOC Unique
DESIGN APPROACH - TN
TN on both SOLID AND LIQUID SAMPLES
Method for nitrogen analysis• Kjeldahl TKN• High Temperature Combustion TNb
Kjeldahl-nitrogen(TKN)= organically bound nitrogen+ammonia nitrogenTotal-bound nitrogen(TNb)= organically bound nitrogen+inorganically bound nitrogen
TNb > TKN difference being nitrates and nitrites.
DESIGN APPROACH - GCU
Before detection• Venting larger part
• Cooling, condensate separation AUTOMATED CONDENSATE DISPOSAL
• Membrane drying
DESIGN APPROACH - detection
• CO2 by NDIR– Range up to 100% carbon in the sample– Easy to service– Reliable– Well known technology
• NO by ChL– Range up to percentages in the sample– Most sensitive
DESIGN APPROACH – automation optionwith an intelligent AUTOSAMPLER
• of sample loading for overnight operation and unattended operator
• handling both liquid and solid samples on the sample tray
• as much sample as possible of solid samples
• operator selected TOC=NPOC and TOC=TC-IC measurements on liquid samples
• TC and IC on the same solid sample; to get TOC results
• minimum bench space of the equipment
• manual or auto dilution of liquid samples
• validation once every settable sample runs
• calibration correction based on validation measurement, in case of drift
• full event logging for detailed assessment of fault messages and failures
• flexible result presentation and report generation capability
Automation (continued)
• sample addition/replacement on the tray, during a sequence run
• auto-mode shift
• different methods, temperatures and flow parameters in the same sequence
• different method, calibration and analysis requirement settings for each sample on the tray
• auto gas leak check during the run
• auto self diagnostics during the run as well as operator’s diagnositics
• protection of the equipment under critical risk conditions, like power failure, etc
• auto calibration task• repeat runs of solid and liquid samples as many times as programmed• intelligent reaction by the A/S if the sample amount is enough or not
etc. and many more.
DESIGN APPROACH – high salt content
High salt content water WITHOUT HARM TO THE ANALYZERHigh dissolved solids content water
• İnject/load sample into the horizontal furnace• Horizontal furnace operates at high temperatures but does not contain
catalyst • Ash out every time with solid samples. • No remains of salt in the furnace. • No remains on the surface of the catalyst, because the catalyst sits in the
second furnace
DESIGN APPROACH – high suspended solids
2 ways• As a solid sample in sample boat• As a liquid sample in vial: flow route accepts up to 1mm particles
TRL-TOC ANALYZER MODELS
TRL-TOC-SS Models• TRL-TOC-SS TC-only• TRL-TOC-SS TC and IC• TRL-TOC-SS TC and TN• TRL-TOC-SS TC and IC and
TN
TRL-TOC ANALYZER MODELS
TRL-TOC-AS Models• TRL-TOC-AS solids TC-only upgradable to autosampler• TRL-TOC-AS solids TC and IC with 19 solids position autosampler• TRL-TOC-AS universal with 79 position autosampler• TRL-TN upgrade for each of the above configurations
FUTURE PLANS
TRL-???
We have C, N
What other elements???