Download - Learn to Read Latin: Ch. 11 Outline
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7/28/2019 Learn to Read Latin: Ch. 11 Outline
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Learn to Read Latin: Ch. 11
104: Infinitives
Active Passive
Present
Perfect
Future
2nd PP.to ____
amre
2nd PP., change -e to (3rd conj., change -ere to)
to be ____ed
amr
3rd PP. + -isseto have ____ed
amvisse
4th PP. + esseto have been ____ed
amtus, -a, -um esse
4th PP., change -us to rus
to be about to ____
amtrus, -a, -um esse
106: Indirect Statement and the Subject Accusative Present infinitive > action simultaneous to the verb
Cgit eum carmina Vergil bene intellegere. I think that he understandsthe poems of Vergil well.
Perfect infinitive > action prior to the verb
Cgit eum carmina Vergil bene intellxisse.
I think that he understoodthe poems of Vergil well.
Future infinitive > action subsequent to the verb
Cgit eum carmina Vergil bene intellctrum esse.
I think that he will understand the poems of Vergil well.
LEARN TO READ LATIN CH. 11
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7/28/2019 Learn to Read Latin: Ch. 11 Outline
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109: Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs
Adjectives
Comparative Degree
Form: feminine of the positive sans the ending, plus -ior, -ius
pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum: pulchrior(m. / f.), pulchrius (n.)
M. / F. Neut. M. / F. Neut.
Nom.
Gen.
Dat.
Acc.
Abl.
-ior -ius Nom. -irs -ira
-i ris Gen. -irum
-i r Dat. -iribus
-irem -ius Acc. -irs / -iors -ira
-ire / -ir Abl. -iribus
Superlative Degree
Form: masculine of the positive sans the ending, plus -issimus, -a, -um
If the stem ends in r, add -rimus, -a, -um
fortis, forte: fortissimus, -a, -um
Adverbs
Comparative Degree
Form: positive degree sans the ending, plus -ius
pulchr > pulchrius
Superlative Degree
Form: masculine superlative degree of the adjective sans ending, plus -
fortissumus > fortissim
LEARN TO READ LATIN CH. 11
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110: Irregular Comparison of Adjectives and AdverbsAdjectives
Positive Comparative Superlative
bonus good melior, melius better optimus best
malus bad peior, peius worse pessimus worst
magnus great maior, maius greater maximus greatest
parvus small minor, minus smaller minimus smallest
multus much, many pls / plrs, plra more plrimus most
prior, prius earlier prmus first
Adverbs
Positive Comparative Superlative
bene well melius better optim best
male badly peius worse pessimworst
magnopere greatly magis more greatly maximmost greatly
parum too little minus less minimleast, not at all
multum much pls more plrimum most
prius before, sooner prmumfirst
Vocabulary
audcia, audciaef. boldness; recklessness, audacity
campus, campm. (flat) plain
castra, castrrumn. pl. (military) camp
mrus, mrm. wall
paulum, pauln. small amount; a littlesignum, signn. sign, signal; standard
tlum, tln. spear; weapon
ignis, ignis, -iumm. fire
impertor, impertrism. commander, general
legi, leginisf. legion
lx, lcis f. light, daylight
LEARN TO READ LATIN CH. 11
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prm lce at daybreak
mairs, mairumm. pl. ancestors
snsus, snssm. perception, feeling; sense
arbitror, arbitrr, arbitrtus sum judge, consider, think
put, putre, putv, puttus think, suppose
sole, solre, solitus sum be accustomed
crd, crdere, crdid, crditus trust, believe (+ dat.)
iaci, iacere, ic, iactus throw; utter; lay, establish
ici, icere, ic, iectus throw out, expel
loquor, loqu, loctus sum speak
inveni, invenre, invn, inventus find, discover
sci, scre, scv / sci, sctus know
nesci, nescre, nescv / nesci, nesctus not know
pere, perre, peri, peritrus pass away, be destroyed; perish, die
longus, -a, -um long; far; long-standing; far-reaching
summus, -a, -um highest; top (of); last, final
brevis, breve short, brief
humilis, humile humble
sapins, sapientis wise
similis, simile similar (+ gen. or dat.)
dissimilis, dissimile dissimilar, unlike, different (+ gen. or dat.)
di (adv.) for a long time
igitur (postpositive conj.) therefore
long (adv.) a long way, far; by far
parum (indecl. subst.) too little, not enough (adv.) too little, inadequately
prmum (adv.) first; for the first time
quam prmum as soon as possible
quam (adv.) as, how; (conj.) than
LEARN TO READ LATIN CH. 11