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Lesson 3: Working with Formulas and Functions
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Learning Objectives After studying this lesson, you will be able to:
Create formulas to calculate values, utilizing the proper syntax and order of operations
Employ a variety of methods to use the IF logical function and statistical functions that determine the sum, average, count, maximum, and minimum of a range of numbers
Use relative, absolute, and mixed cell references in formulas
Modify and copy formulas
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Formulas and Functions Formula
Simply a math problem done in Excel
Function
Prewritten formula that helps simplify complex procedures (for numbers and text)
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AutoSum Automatically sums a column or row of numbers
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Here, cell B9 was active and then the AutoSum command was issued; Excel will propose to add the numbers above the cell
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Status Bar Functions & Customization
Right-clicking on the status bar displays a menu from which
you can add items to or delete them from the Status Bar
Notice the functions displayed on the status bar
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Creating Formulas Start with “ = ”
Use cell and range references when possible
Arithmetic operators in formulas:
Addition: +
Subtraction: -
Multiplication: *
Division: /
Exponentiation: ^
Percent: %
Grouping: ( )
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Cell and Range References Advantages:
When references are used, formulas can be copied to other cells
Since a reference refers to a cell or a range of cells, the formula results are automatically recalculated when the data is changed in the referenced cell(s)
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Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally Determines the order of operations in formulas:
Parentheses
Exponents
Multiplication
Division
Addition
Subtraction
Tip! To remember the order of operations, use the pseudonym “Please excuse my dear Aunt Sally.”
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Using Cell References in Formulas Relative: When you
copy a formula, the cell references update automatically and refer to new cells relative to the new formula cell
Absolute: Absolute references always refer to the same cell, regardless of which cell the formula is moved or copied to
Note! Absolute cell references are denoted with $ signs.
Relative cell reference
Absolute cell reference
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Modifying Formulas Can modify in one of two places:
Formula Bar
In cellNotice the insertion point in the active cell (B6) that is being edited
Referenced cells are outlined in various colors
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Copying Formulas Copy and Paste
OR
AutoFill
If you use the fill handle, you can click the AutoFill Options button to choose how to copy or fill the information from the source to destination cells
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Formula AutoComplete Jumps into action once you type “ = ” and the
beginning letters of a function in a cell
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Choose from the wide variety of functions suggested by Formula AutoComplete
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The Function Wizard Clicking the Insert Function button displays the Insert
Function dialog box
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The Function Arguments dialog box allows you to determine the cell or range of cells to be included in the function
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Creating Formulas with the IF Function IF function displays a value or message based on a
logical test you design.