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Luisa Soares-Miranda et al. Circulation. 2016;133:147-155
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Luisa Soares-Miranda et al. Circulation. 2016;133:147-155
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.
FUNCTION OF:
Walking pace
< 3 km/h to
> 4.8 km/h
Walking distance
0 blocks/wkto
> 49 blocks/wk
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Luisa Soares-Miranda et al. Circulation. 2016;133:147-155
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.
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PurposeTo examine work-related physical and
mental health amongst Active Commuters to the U of L
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Suzanne McIntosh1
Sue Kovach2,1
Shelby Schumaker3,1
Olu Awosoga4
Jon Doan3,1
1HR - Wellness and Recognition 2Finance – Scholarships and Finance3Kinesiology and Phys Ed - Engineering and Human
Performance Lab4Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Lethbridge
Increased wellness amongst Active Commuters
to a newly urban university campus in Alberta
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Suzanne McIntosh1
Sue Kovach2,1
Shelby Schumaker3,1
Olu Awosoga4
Jon Doan3,1
1HR - Wellness and Recognition 2Finance – Scholarships and Finance3Kinesiology and Phys Ed - Engineering and Human
Performance Lab4Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Lethbridge
Increased wellness amongst Active Commuters
to a newly urban university campus in Alberta
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PurposeTo examine work-related physical and
mental health amongst Active Commuters to the U of L
HypothesisActive Commuters would have increased
physical and mental health, plus higher job satisfaction
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ParticipantsTargeted sample of active commuters (AC-L)
- “bike rack recruiting” - packages available with towels at FitC
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ParticipantsTargeted sample of active commuters (AC-L)
- “bike rack recruiting”- packages available with towels at FitC
Targeted sample of conventional commuters (CC-L)- “parking lot recruiting”- packages available with handbooks at FacO
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Participants
- No differences in age or commute time- All AC-L started commute in West Lethbridge- 94% of CC-L commuted in personal vehicle- 81% of CC-L commuted alone
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MeasuresWork Ability Index (Tuomi et al., 1998)
- self-report on work-related physical and mental health- target is early identification and intervention- modified for this use
- health conditions with unclear association with work were dropped
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MeasuresWork Ability Index (Tuomi et al., 1998)
- self-report on work-related physical and mental health- target is early identification and intervention- modified for this use
- health conditions with unclear association with work were dropped
Job in General Scale, abridged (Ironson et al., 1989)- self-report on satisfaction with job- target is organizational prosperity
- satisfaction is cause, correlate, and effect of organizational success
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Results - WAI
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Results - WAI
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Results - WAI
MAINTAIN
SEEK SUPPORT
IMPROVE
Prescribed action(Tuomi et al. 1996)
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Results - WAI
- “Very good” WAITOTAL amongst AC-L was result of cumulative small increase on multiple WAIFACTORS
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Results - JIG
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Results - JIG
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ConclusionThere is current and future value to
Active Commuting at U of L- associated with higher work ability,
lower frequency illness and absence, and increased job satisfaction
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DiscussionThere is growing interest in Active Commuting
“What, if anything, would you like to do in the next year to improve or maintain your health and wellness?” U of L Employee Health and Wellness Surveys, 2012 & 2015
2012 2015
21% 33%POSITIVE
RESPONSE RATE
YEAR
ACTIVELY COMMUTE TO WORK (walk, bike, run)
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Suzanne McIntosh1
Sue Kovach2,1
Shelby Schumaker3,1
Olu Awosoga4
Jon Doan3,1
1HR - Wellness and Recognition 2Finance – Scholarships and Finance3Kinesiology and Phys Ed - Engineering and Human
Performance Lab4Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Lethbridge
Increased wellness amongst Active Commuters
to a newly urban university campus in Alberta
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A challenge and an opportunity
Active Commuting Suburban-to-Urban Campus
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Active Commuting• Personal & work and local & global
benefits– Increased physical activity (Sisson & Tudor-Locke, 2008)
– Decreased sick days (Hendriksen et al., 2010)
– Decreased traffic (and environmental) load (Charles-Edwards et al., 2015)
• Universities are prime target– Workplace explicitly and implicitly affects AC
(Wen et al., 2010)
– Staff and student commuters are universities’ largest environmental impact (Tolley, 1996)
– Academia’s role as leaders and advocates (Shannon et al., 2006)
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Suburban Campus
• Academic growth model for UK + Canada, post WWII
• New vision of academic campus as “radical, diffuse, non-residential, vocational”
versus “ancient, enclosed, exclusive, educational”
(Abercrombie, 1974)
• U of L the epitome of this phenomenon in Canada
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University of Lethbridge [1967-]
• U of L looking west, 1972
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1969
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1972 – University Hall opens
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1981 – first private home on west side built in 1974
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1986 - <8000 people live on west side
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1990 – South res. + Whoop-Up overpass complete
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1999 - ~15000 people live on west side
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2001 – University Library completed
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2003 - ~20000 people live on west side
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2007 – 1st Choice Fitness Centre opens
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2008 – First secondary schools open on west side
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2010 – Campus Daycare, Community Stadium open
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2014 - >35000 people (40% of Lethbridge population) live on west side
Thanks to U of L Archives
for slide sequence!
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To successfully integrate with this urbanization, important for U of L to:
1) Identify the current & future value of Active Commuting
1969
2014
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To successfully integrate with this urbanization, important for U of L to:
1) Identify the current & future value of Active Commuting
2) If 1) is positive, champion Active Commuting behaviourand infrastructure
1969
2014
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2016
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U of L Development Plan [Erickson & Massey, 1969]
WALK“external access is possible to all parts of the campus by means of walks and walkways…a great variety of alternate routes with differing aspects and views are available.”
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U of L Development Plan [Erickson & Massey, 1969]
WALK“external access is possible to all parts of the campus by means of walks and walkways…a great variety of alternate routes with differing aspects and views are available.” [Erickson & Massey, 1969]
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U of L Campus Master Plan [2012]
WALK
BIKE
“walking as a primary means of movement on campus should be encouraged…bikes should be encouraged on campus.” [U of L CMP, 2012]
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U of L Campus Master Plan [2012]
WALK
BIKE
“walking as a primary means of movement oncampus should be encouraged…bikes should be encouraged oncampus.” [U of L CMP, 2012]
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stadium entry_point_centre
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Next steps
Need to push, pull, and nudge open those gates that will connect
Active Commuters to their campus
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PUSH
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TEAMSCOMP.
THEME
SCHED.
REWARDSReal
Virtual
PULL
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NUDGE
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‘Excessive’ parking causes ‘dangerous’ driving (McCahill et al., 2016)
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Parking causes driving (McCahill et al., 2016)
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Parking causes driving (McCahill et al., 2016)
TIME ORDER
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Parking causes driving (McCahill et al., 2016)
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Parking causes driving (McCahill et al., 2016)
City centers, 1980
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Parking causes driving (McCahill et al., 2016)
STRENGTH
City centers, 1980
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‘Parklets’
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Commuting at University of Guelph• 2500 campus bicycle rack slots
• 2147 parking passes!• 20 covered bike shelters• 4 bike repair stations
• 900 buses come to campus daily• 2.3 million people took a bus to or from
U of G in 2014
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“When discussing more urban biking, Ioften hear ‘We’re not Copenhagen orAmsterdam!’…..”
Brent Toderian, Vancouver city planner
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“When discussing more urban biking, Ioften hear ‘We’re not Copenhagen orAmsterdam!’…..”
Brent Toderian, Vancouver city planner
ACTIVE COMMUTING
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“When discussing more urban biking, Ioften hear ‘We’re not Copenhagen orAmsterdam!’. Decades ago, neither wereCopenhagen or Amsterdam.”
Brent Toderian, Vancouver city planner
ACTIVE COMMUTING
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“When discussing more urban biking, Ioften hear ‘We’re not Copenhagen orAmsterdam!’. Decades ago, neither wereCopenhagen or Amsterdam.”
Brent Toderian, Vancouver city planner
ACTIVE COMMUTING
Copenhagen, 2015
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“When discussing more urban biking, Ioften hear ‘We’re not Copenhagen orAmsterdam!’. Decades ago, neither wereCopenhagen or Amsterdam.”
Brent Toderian, Vancouver city planner
ACTIVE COMMUTING
Copenhagen, 2015
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“When discussing more urban biking, Ioften hear ‘We’re not Copenhagen orAmsterdam!’. Decades ago, neither wereCopenhagen or Amsterdam.”
Brent Toderian, Vancouver city planner
ACTIVE COMMUTING
Copenhagen, 2015 Beijing, 2015
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What can we do
Personally• identify some purposeful walks & rides
around your neighbourhoodthen do them!
• start with 1 ‘different’ commute to work per week
• recognise (and embrace) push/pull/nudge effects
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What can we do
Institutionally• be thoughtful about push/pull/nudge
opportunities
• internally support active commuting
• find a way to meet our ‘new’ neighbourhood
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Thank you