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Major Civil War Battles
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Why did neither the Union nor the Confederacy gain a strong advantage during the early years of the war?
How did the events at Gettysburg and Vicksburg change the course of the war?
What events led to the end of the war?
Essential Questions
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The Battle of Hampton Roads
Monitor vs. Merrimack
March 9, 1862 (pg. 482-483 text)
Ironclad ship battleSpotlight Video
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Major Civil War Land Battles
• 1st Battle of Bull Run
• Antietam• Fredericksburg
• Chancellorsville
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First Battle of Bull Run / ManassasJuly 21, 1861 (pg. 481 text)
Main Generals Union (North) = McDowell
Confederate (South) = Jackson, Beauregard
OutcomeConfederacy won
Lincoln fires McDowell and appoints McClellan
Major Fact1st battle, showed Confederate’s strength
Showed that the Civil War would be long and bloody
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Antietam / SharpsburgSeptember 17, 1862 (pg. 486 text)
Main GeneralsUnion (North) = McClellan
Confederate (South) = Lee
OutcomeUnion won
Major FactFirst major engagement on Northern soil
Bloodiest single day battle in American History (23,000 casualties)
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FredericksburgDecember 13, 1862 (pg. 499 text)
Main GeneralsUnion (North) = Burnside
Confederate (South) = Lee, Jackson
OutcomeConfederacy won
Major FactWorst Union defeat of the entire war
Union forces driven back 6 times
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ChancellorsvilleMay 1-4, 1863 (pg. 499-500 text)
Main GeneralsUnion (North) = Hooker
Confederate (South) = Lee, Jackson
OutcomeConfederacy won
Major FactLee’s greatest victory
Jackson shot by his own men and dies later from his wounds
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The Turning Point Battles
GettysburgJuly 1-3, 1863 (pg. 502-503 text) Main Generals-Union (North) = Meade-Confederate (South) = LeeOutcome-Union wonMajor Fact-3 day battle became known as the turning point of the war-Pickett’s charge became the largest charge in American History (pg. 503 text)
VicksburgMay-July 1863 (pg. 503&505 text)
Main Generals
-Union (North) = Grant
Outcome
-Union won
Major Fact
-Siege lasted from May 22 until July 4, 1863
-Opens Mississippi River to Union trade
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The Wilderness Campaign
(pg. 508 text)
May 5-6, 1864Dense woods between Washington DC and Richmond, VirginiaBloodiest 6 weeks of the war
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Total War (pg. 512 text)William Tecumseh Sherman (Union)Sherman’s March to the SeaAfter winning at the battle of Atlanta, Sherman marched his troops to Savannah destroying everything in his path (July 20-September 2, 1864) (pg. 510 text)