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Middle Ages Art
Vocabulary
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paganism
• a religion that has many gods or goddesses, considers
the earth holy, and does not have a central authority
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Salvation
• deliverance from sin and its consequences, believed by
Christians to be brought about by faith in Christ
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Anatomy
• concerned with the bodily structure
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Dogma/
Doctrine
• set of principles laid down by an authority as
incontrovertibly true
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Divine
of, from, or like God or a god
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Antiquity
• the ancient past, especially the period before the Middle
Ages
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Sculptural relief
• sculpture consisting of shapes carved on a surface so as
to stand out from the surrounding background
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Papyrus
• very thin paper made by strips of a plant laid together,
soaked, pressed, and dried, used by the ancient
Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans
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Parchment
• a stiff, flat, thin material made from the skin of an animal
and used as a durable writing surface in ancient and
medieval times
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Stained glass
• colored glass used to form decorative designs, notably
for church windows, both by painting and especially by
arranging contrasting pieces like a mosaic
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Architectural
Vocabulary
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Architecture
• the art of designing and constructing buildings
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Arch
• a curved symmetrical structure spanning an opening and
typically supporting the weight of a bridge, roof, or wall
above it
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Round arch
• an arch formed in a continuous curve
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Pointed arch
• an arch with a pointed crown
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Barrel vault
• a vault forming a half cylinder
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Groin vault
• (sometimes known as a double barrel vault) is produced
by the intersection at right angles of two barrel vaults
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Column
• an upright pillar, typically made of stone or concrete,
supporting an arch, or other structure or standing alone
as a monument
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Buttress
• a projecting support of stone or brick built against a wall
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Flying buttress
• a buttress slanting from a separate pier, typically forming
an arch with the wall it supports