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MIDDLE EASTERN EMPIRE
Assyrians
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Introduction
Created large Southwest Asian EmpireUsed organized military
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Location
Northern MesopotamiaFlat unprotected plains
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Effects of Geography
Open to InvasionDeveloped strong military for protection
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Empire
Between 850-650 BC conquered large empire
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Expanding the Empire
Fertile CrescentParts of Anatolia PeninsulaParts of Egypt and Africa
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Military
Glorified Military strengthSoldiers were well prepared for conquering
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Military Equipment
Leather and Metal Armor, Helmets, Skirts
Iron Weapons
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Weapons
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Siege Warfare
Surrounding a city in an attempt to conquer/starve the people of the city
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Military Technology
BridgingDigging beneath wallBow and arrowBattering ram
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Treatment of Conquered
KilledEnslavedBeheadedExiled or Deported
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Purpose of Treatment
To prevent rebellionScare enemy with reputation
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Peak of Power
Around 650 BC, they controlled almost all of Southwest Asia and Egypt
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Major Cities in Fertile Crescent
AleppoJericho
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Political
Divided into provinces (dependent territories)
Rulers of each provinces chosen by king Called Governors
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Effect of Provinces
More taxes
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Assyrian Culture
Known as Great BuildersNineveh-Assyria’s CapitalArt
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Art
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Libraries
Nineveh had one of the ancient worlds largest libraries
Contained Several LanguagesAllowed better understanding of writing
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Fall of Empire
Reasons Too much territory Excessive cruelty
612 BC-Nineveh destroyed by Medes and Chaldeans
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Chaldeans
The Chaldeans took over Babylon Became Capital (Center of New
Empire)
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Nebuchadnezzar
Rebuilt BabylonHanging Gardens
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Hanging Gardens
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Walls
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Decline
Fell after Nebuchadnezzar’s DeathConquered by Persian Empire