Download - Module8 Physical Layer
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Module 8
OSI Physical Layer
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Objectives
• Physical Layer – Communication Signals
• Physical Media – Connecting Communication
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Physical Layer – Communication Signals
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Physical Layer – PurposeTransforming Human Network Communications to Bits
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Physical Layer – OperationRepresentations of Signals on the Physical Media
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Physical Layer – Standard
Connector
Signal standards allowa variety of devicesto interoperate
Standards allow differentcompanies to make cablesand NICs, knowing theywill work together
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Physical Layer Fundamental Principles
Physical Layer Fundamental Principles
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Data Carrying CapacityUnits of Bandwidth, Throughput, and Goodput
• The capacity of a medium to carry data is described as the raw data bandwidth of the media.
• Digital bandwidth measures the amount of information that can flow from one place to another in a given amount of time.
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Data Carrying CapacityData Throughput and Goodput
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Physical Media – Connecting Communication
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Types of Physical Media
Standards for copper media are defined for the:
• Type of copper cabling used
• Bandwidth of the communication
• Type of connectors used
• Pinout and color codes of connections to the media
• Maximum distance of the media
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Copper Media
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Copper MediaExternal Interference with Copper Media
Cable types with shielding or twisting of the pairs of wires are designed to minimize signal degradation due to electronic noise.
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Unshield Twisted Pair (UTP) Cable
TIA/EIA-568 stipulates the commercial cabling standards for LAN installations and is the standard most commonly used in LAN cabling environments. Some the elements defined are:
– Cable types– Cable lengths– Connectors– Cable termination– Methods of testing cable
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Unshield Twisted Pair (UTP) Cable
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Other Copper Cable
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Other Copper CableCoaxial Cable Design
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Fiber MediaFiber Media Cable Design
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Fiber Media
Fiber provides full duplex communications
with a cable dedicated to each direction.
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Fiber MediaFiber Media Modes
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Wireless Media
Wireless Media Signal and Security
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Wireless MediaWireless Standards and Types
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Wireless MediaWLAN Access Points and Adapters
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Media Connectors
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Media Connectors
Copper Media ConnectorsRI45 Termination
Improper cable termination can impact transmission performance
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Media ConnectorsFiber Media Connectors
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Good luck with this module!