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Sorin A. Matei
Purdue University
Space: the stuff of communication
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Philosophical assumptions
Space is constructed
Space is social
Space is a set of relationally defined locations
Space is about vicinities and the communication processes they enable Vicinity is that space defined by our communication
practices
A
B
C
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Space is of two kinds
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Space is of two kinds…
Space is everywhere
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Research questions
If we analyze flows of exchanges between nations, should we expect an increasing alignment of nations that share same cultural/civilizational characteristics?
Do nations that speak the same language or have the same beliefs send more information to one another?
Explored in Globalization and heterogenization: Cultural and civilizational clustering in telecommunicative space (1989–1999). Telematics and Informatics Volume 23, Issue 4 , November 2006, Pages 316-331
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Data
2 who-to-whom matrices—networks—of international telephony ties between 107/110 nations (80% world population) – 1989 – 1999
Data from ITU and Telegeography
Matrices define “telecommunicative neighbors” Countries are neighbors of each other if they send at least 5% of
their traffic to each other 5% threshold is based on analysis of tie distribution
Logarithmic A nation typically sends 80% of its outgoing traffic to 4 nations These nations typically absorb between 5 to 90% of the traffic (average
35%), each All the other nations (109) absorb under 5%
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Data cntd.
Node attributes: cultural afilliation (linguistic): rated civilizational affiliation (religious): percentage
4 linguistic and 4 civilizational areals English French Arabic Spanish
Protestant
Catholic
Islamic
Buddhist-Hindu
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Statistical Analysis
Spatial correlation (Moran’s I)
Measures likelihood of countries that have high values on certain attributes to be surrounded by nations that are like them
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Global Moran’s I
Global version: what is the magnitude of spatial association in the entire dataset?
0 - 1: Countries are systematically surrounded by nations with similar values on the key attribute
-1 - 0: Countries are systematically surrounded by nations with dissimilar values on the key attribute
0: No association
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Results: Global values
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
English
French
Spanish
Arabic
Protestant
Catholic
Islam
BuddHindu
Cultural and civilizational areals
Mo
ran
's I
valu
e
1989
1999
Global Moran’s I values increase for all, except one areal, ArabicValue increases are significant (t-test for paired samples), except for the Islamic arealThere is an increasing tendency of countries that are similar culturally or civilizationally to cluster together in telecommunicative space
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Discussion
Evidence for heterogenization Nations more likely to be surrounded by their
civilizational peers
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Conclusion
Space can be viewed as a set of communicative ties These ties differ from geographic ties We can use this paradigm for any other situation
that involves a social and a physical network