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Innovazione e sviluppo prodotto&
Innovation Management & New Product Development
New Product Development:
New concept generation and the use of TRIZ
1
Raffaella Manzini, Valentina Lazzarotti, Gloria Puliga
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Planning or declaration of intent
Concept design
System level design(pre-design)
Detailed design
Test and improvement
Production
Marketing and Commercialization
FASE 1
FASE 0
FASE 2
FASE 3
FASE 4
FASE 5
FASE 6
Development process
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CO
NC
EPT
RES
EAR
CH
& D
EVEL
OP
MEN
T O
CO
NC
EPT
DEV
ELO
PM
ENT
O
PR
OG
ETTA
ZIO
NE
CO
NC
ETTU
ALE
(TR
IZ)
Indentification of clients’ needs
Definition of the specifications targets
Product concept generation
Evaluation and selection of the concepts
Test of the concepts
Definition of the final specifications
Project plan
Economic
Analysis
BENCHMARKING
Build
and
Test
Prototipes
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CONCEPT development
Gloria Puliga 4
• Customer needs identification• Target product specification• Benchmarking• Concept generation, evaluation,
selection TRIZ• Final target product specification
PROJECT PLAN/ PROJECT MISSION
CONCEPT RESEARCH &
DEVELOPMENT
PROJECT APPROVAL
DEVELOPMENT PLAN
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• Quality function deployment• Lead users analysis• Benchmarking• Brainstorming• Lateral thinking• Serendipity• ….• ….
• TRIZ: theory of inventive problem solving
Techniques for supportingnew concept generation
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TRIZ: theory ofinventive problem solving
теория решения изобретательских задач
• A theory developed by Genrich Altshuller in Russia in the late ’40s, based upon the following assumptions:
– Inventors use patterns without awarnessto develop new technology;
– Technology evolution is a systematicprocess;
– Innovation can be organised in a systematic way;
– 98% of inventions use already knownsolution principles
Raffaella Manzini 6
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7
TRIZ INVENTION MODEL: GENERAL FRAMEWORK
SPECIFIC PROBLEM
SPECIFIC SOLUTION
GENERAL SOLUTION
GENERAL PROBLEM
PSYHOLOGICAL INERTIA
3x2+5x+2=0
ax2+bx+c=0 𝒙𝟏, 𝟐 =−𝒃 ± 𝒃𝟐 − 𝟒𝒂𝒄
𝟐𝒂
𝒙𝟏, 𝟐 = −𝟏,−𝟐/𝟑
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The problem of invention:psychological inertia
Raffaella Manzini 8
THINK TO A BALL…
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The problem of invention:psychological inertia
Raffaella Manzini 9
WHICH ARE THE MINIMUM DIMENSIONS OF A CD READER?
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The problem of invention:psychological inertia
Raffaella Manzini 10
WHICH ARE THE MINIMUM DIMENSIONS OF A PIZZA CARTON?
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Invention vs. optimisation
Raffaella Manzini 11
EXAMPLE: COMPACT PRINTER
AS-IS solution Optimization Invention
Optimization→ works on technical parametersEvery qualified engineer mightsolve the technical problem
Invention→ it is a change in the perspective: I am notworking on technicalparameters but on somethingcompletely new. I have to think «out of the box» → TRIZ
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Implementing TRIZa proposed framework
Raffaella Manzini 12
SPECIFIC PROBLEM
SPECIFIC SOLUTION
GENERAL SOLUTION
GENERAL PROBLEM
FINDING A SOLUTION•40 PRINCIPLES• SEPARATION PRINCIPLE
UNDERSTAND THE «HEARTH» OF THE PROBLEM• PHYSICAL / TECHNICALCONTRADICTIONS
HOW «MATURE» IS MY SYSTEM?• Distance from IFR• ITEMS
HOW DOES MY SYSTEM WORK?• Describe your system/ products
in the most objective way as possible (“film maker”)
• Describe functions, value proposition, tangible and intangible features (product specifications)
PROBLEM ABSTRACTION(building a model)•SU-FIELD ANALYSIS
APPLYING THE SOLUTION TO THE SPECIFIC PROBLEM•PATENT ANALYSIS•Understanding evolutionary trends
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Specific Problem
Raffaella Manzini 13
SPECIFIC PROBLEM
SPECIFIC SOLUTIO
N
GENERAL SOLUTION
GENERAL PROBLEM
HOW «MATURE» IS MY SYSTEM?• Distance from IFR• ITEMS
HOW DOES MY SYSTEM WORK?• Describe your system/ products
in the most objective way aspossible (“film maker”)
• Describe functions, valueproposition, tangible and intangible features (productspecifrications)
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Film Maker
• The film maker aims to describe the main phases of the life of a product
• Provide general information about the system, describing them using the active form
• Describe the actual structure
• Description of how the system work, by detailing the phases of the life of the product ad the environment in which it acts
• Interactions of the product with other systems, close systems, “higher system” and environment
• Identification of the available resources (substances, fields, functional resources, information, time and space)
Raffaella Manzini 14
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Product Needs
Raffaella Manzini 15
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Product needs and specifications
Raffaella Manzini 16
Product Needs Technical Specifications
The Trolley (Case) should have a low weight Weight of the case below 2 kg
The Trolley (Case) should be waterproofBuild with a waterproof
material
The Trolley (Case)should be as small (in terms of volume) as
neededThe dimensions should be
x*y*z
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The Ideal Final Result (IFR)
• The way towards the Ideal Final Result (IFR) requires reduction (ideally, elimination) of ITEMS:
– I → INFORMATION
– T → TIME
– E → ENERGY
– M → MATERIAL
– S → SPACE
Raffaella Manzini 17
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Ideality
Raffaella Manzini 18
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Ideality: example
Raffaella Manzini 19
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Ideality: example
Raffaella Manzini 20
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The Ideal Final Result (IFR)
• The way towards the Ideal Final Result (IFR) requires reduction(ideally, elimination) of ITEMS:
– I → INFORMATION
– T → TIME
– E → ENERGY
– M → MATERIAL
– S → SPACE
Raffaella Manzini 21
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Problem generalisation
Raffaella Manzini 22
SPECIFICPROBLEM
SPECIFIC SOLUTIO
N
GENERAL SOLUTION
GENERAL PROBLEM
PROBLEM ABSTRACTION (building a model)•SU-FIELD ANALYSIS
UNDERSTAND THE «HEARTH» OF THE PROBLEM• PHYSICAL / TECHNICAL CONTRADDICTIONS
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Su-field analysis
The minimum SF model includes:
• an "article" (S1) representing an object that is changed or influenced in some way
• a tool (S2) representing the means by which S1 is changed or influenced
• energy (F) representing the interaction between S1 and S2
• A vacuum cleaner cleaning a carpetS1 - carpet (article)S2 - vacuum cleaner (tool)F - cleaning (mechanical field)
Raffaella Manzini 23
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Su-field analysis - language
Raffaella Manzini 24
Fields can be:Me - mechanicalTh - thermalCh - chemicalE - electricalM - magnetic
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Applying su-field analysis
• Identify the elements of a system.
• Identify The fields.
• Construct the model.
• After completing these steps, stop to evaluate the completeness and effectiveness of the system. Bring into evidence if some element is missing, some effect is harmful, or not necessary, try to identify what it is.
Raffaella Manzini 25
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Su-field analysisexample: the airbag
Raffaella Manzini 26
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From the general problem to the general solution
Raffaella Manzini 27
SPECIFICPROBLEM
SPECIFIC SOLUTIO
N
GENERAL SOLUTION
GENERAL PROBLEM
Solving contradictions means moving towards a general solution for the general problem
Undesired effects, inefficient effects are often generated by CONTRADICTIONS (conflicts in a system); they represent the general problem