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NEW REGENERATIVE AIR PURIFICATION SYSTEMFOR SWEDISH AIP SUBMARINES
UDT 2020
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AGENDA
• Swedish new AIP submarine Blekinge-class (A26)
• New CO2 Removal System
• CO2 Removal Equipment
• Steam Generator
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AUTHOR
Hjalmar Unneberg
Systems Engineer, Submarine Air Environment
At Saab Kockums since 2013
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SAAB KOCKUMS A26
The Blekinge-class submarine for the Swedish Navy is under construction
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“The aim is to build the world’s most modernsubmarine, with a working environmentcorresponding to civilian norms.
As a result, civilian work environmentrequirements are applied with an adjustmentfor continuous exposure.”
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SAAB KOCKUMS BLEKINGE – KEY FIGURES
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Length 65 m
Displacement surfaced 2,000 tons
AIP endurance at patrol speed >18 days
Standard complement 26 persons (17–35)
Operational environment Tropical – arctic
Propulsion Stirling AIP and diesel electric
Weapon system 4 x weapon tubes
Multi-Mission Portal (MMP)
SOF divers lock using the MMP
Torpedoes and mines
Unmanned/manned vehicles
Combat system Combat Management System
Optronic sensors
Full sonar suite
R-ESM and C-ESM
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Hjalmar Unneberg | © Saab
SAAB KOCKUMS BLEKINGE – KEY FIGURES
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Length 65 m
Displacement surfaced 2,000 tons
AIP endurance at patrol speed >18 days
Standard complement 26 persons (17–35)
Operational environment Tropical – arctic
Propulsion Stirling AIP and diesel electric
Weapon system 4 x weapon tubes
Multi-Mission Portal (MMP)
SOF divers lock using the MMP
Torpedoes and mines
Unmanned/manned vehicles
Combat system Combat Management System
Optronic sensors
Full sonar suite
R-ESM and C-ESM
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Hjalmar Unneberg | © Saab
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NEW CO2 REMOVAL SYSTEM
• HMS Näcken
• Extended
‒ Stirling engines
‒ LOX
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NEW CO2 REMOVAL SYSTEM
• Gotland class
‒ Soda Lime granulate
‒ Filled tanks
‒ Reaction vessel
‒ Good performance < 0.5 % CO2 concentration
‒ Non regenerative system
‒ Dusty
‒ Large/heavy (bulk)
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NEW CO2 REMOVAL SYSTEM
Kockums & Swedish Defence Materiel Administration
Tests in early 90’ies to find an alternative
‒ Membrane
‒ Diffusion of substances from higher to lower conc.
‒ Will diffuse all compounds, also O2 and N2
‒ Cryogenics
‒ Use of vaporised liquid oxygen (LOX) to condensate CO2‒ Can also removes VOC’s
No perfect solutions – always some problems
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NEW CO2 REMOVAL SYSTEM
• Late 80’ies
• Airbus (Dornier, EADS, Astrium)
• 55 different substances
• One superior candidate - ASTRINE™
• Developing begun…
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NEW CO2 REMOVAL SYSTEM
Started collaboration with Kockums & Swedish Defence Materiel Administration
• Demonstrator at Gotland-class in the end of 90’ies
‒ One bed system
‒ CO2 removal performance ~100 l/h
• Further tests at Airbus facilities with good results
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NEW CO2 REMOVAL SYSTEM
The result:
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Regenerative CO2 Removal System
SE= Stirling Engine | SG=Steam Generator | CO2RE=CO2 Removal Equipment
SE
SG CO2RE
Ventilation
Steam
Condensate
Hot Water System Pure CO2
To Sea
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NEW CO2 REMOVAL SYSTEM
The result:
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SE= Stirling Engine | SG=Steam Generator | CO2RE=CO2 Removal Equipment
Regenerative CO2 Removal SystemSE
SG CO2RE
Ventilation
Steam
Condensate
Hot Water System Pure CO2
To Sea
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SOLID AMINE ION EXCHANGE RESIN
• ASTRINE™ active resin
‒ Highly porous functionalized ion exchange resin
‒ Solid amine without spill and leakage problems
‒ Excellent adsorption performance
‒ Reversible desorption is made by pure steam
‒ Stabile, long durability
‒ Non hazard for human health
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CO2 REMOVAL EQUIPMENT
• 3 bed system
‒ Two in adsorption mode
‒ One in desorption mode
• Contains
‒ Fan
‒ Compressor
‒ Heat exchangers
‒ Valves & sensors
‒ Control system
• Totally automatic
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Bed Pure CO2Steam
Bed
Bed
Contaminant air Clean air
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HOT WATER SYSTEM
• Uses excess heat from Stirling Engines
• Pressurized hot water
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SE
Hot Water System
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STEAM GENERATOR
• Heat from Hot water system
• Steam dome
• Superheated steam
• Reuse the condensate from CO2RE
• Final unit successfully tested with CO2RE
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Steam
Condensate
Steam
Dome
Water
Tank
Hot Water System
CO2RE
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FIGURES
• Performance
‒ Removal rate: 900 L CO2/h (1.8 kg/h)
‒ Estimated CO2 concentration on A26: 0.3%
• Energy consumption
‒ ~3.5 kWh
‒ Steam production with heat from SE
• Weight and size
‒ ~2000 kg
‒ 1,3 x 1,1 x 1,8 meters
• Consumables
‒ ASTRINE™ - at least 5000 operating hours
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CONCLUSION
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“The regenerative CO2 removal system stands forleading edge technology in the area of air revitalization.
It demands minimal space, energy and maintenanceenabling a significant increase in endurance andavailability of the Blekinge class submarines.”
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QUESTIONS?
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