Download - Pacakging of glass & porcelain
![Page 1: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Group No. 8•Naveen Varghese•Sagar More•Saktivel Nadar•Varsha Jagdale•Vinod Tavanoji
PACKAGING OF GLASS & PORCELAIN
PRODUCTS
![Page 3: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
INTRODUCTION SCOPE:
GLASS PRODUCTSPORCELAIN PRODUCTS
OBJECTIVE:MANUFACTURING PACKAGING MATERIALS USED FOR GLASS &
PORCELAINLABEL INFORMATION
![Page 4: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
CONTENTS
DEFINITION
RAW MATERIALS USED
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
APPLICATION INDUSTRIES
PROPERTIES
PACKAGING & TESTING
PRODUCTS & ITS CHARACTERISTICS
![Page 5: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
GLASS: An INORGANIC PRODUCT of fusion Cooled through its GLASS TRANSITION Without crystallizing An amorphous (non-crystalline) solid material Typically brittle Optically transparent
DEFINITION
![Page 6: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
DEFINITIONPORCELAIN: A hard, white, translucent ceramic Made by firing a pure CLAY Glazed with variously colored fusible materials
![Page 7: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
GLASS
![Page 8: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
RAW MATERIAL
SAND – MAIN INGREDIENT
SODA ASH – FLUXING AGENT
LIME STONE – STABILIZERS
ALUMINA, MAGNESIUM & POTASH
![Page 9: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
MANUFACTURING OF GLASS
Weighing & Mixing
Glass Melting
Container Forming
Container Conditioning
Surface Treatment
Automatic Inspection
Product Handling &
Packaging
![Page 10: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
MANUFACTURING OF GLASS
![Page 11: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
TYPES OF GLASS
USP TYPE I BOROSILICATE GLASS
USP TYPE II DE-ALKALIZED SODA-LIME GLASS
USP TYPE III SODA-LIME GLASS
USP TYPE NP SODA-LIME GLASS
![Page 12: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
TYPES OF GLASS
USP Type I Borosilicate glass
- Neutral glass
- Least reactive glass
![Page 13: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
TYPES OF GLASS
USP Type II:
De-alkalized Soda-lime glass ○Sodium hydroxide & calcium oxide○Alkali resistant
![Page 14: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
TYPES OF GLASS USP Type III:
SODA LIME GLASS
- Liquid formulations
- Dry Powders
![Page 15: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
TYPES OF GLASS USP Type NP:
SODA LIME GLASS
- Capsules & tablets
- Lab Apparatus
![Page 16: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
COLOUR OF GLASSCarbon & Sulphur or Iron & Manganese dioxide
Cadmium & Sulphur Compounds
Cobalt or Cupric Oxide
Iron, manganese, chromium oxides
Fluorides & Phosphates
Manganese
Cuprous or Cupric Oxide
Iron Oxide
Chromic Oxide
Amber Yellow Blue Green Opal Violet Red Black Yellow Green
![Page 17: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
APPLICATION INDUSTRIES
Chemical & Pharmaceuticals
Food & Beverages
Decorative Articles
Laboratory apparatus
Windows & Furniture
Optical
Cosmetics
Perfumery
![Page 18: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
PORCELAIN
![Page 19: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
RAW MATERIALS
CLAY – MAIN INGREDIENT
FELDSPAR OR FLINT
SILICA
COMPOUNDS OF
AL ,OXYGEN & SOAP STONE
![Page 20: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
MANUFACTURING OF PORCELAIN
CRUSHING THE RAW
MATERIALS
CLEANING AND MIXING
FORMING THE BODY
BISQUE-FIRING
GLAZING
FIRING
FORMED PRODUCT
![Page 21: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
APPLICATION INDUSTRIES
ARCHITECTURAL
DECORATIVE ARTICLE
ELECTRICAL ACCESSORY
MEDICAL
CHEMICAL
HOUSEHOLD
BATHROOM FIXTURES
![Page 22: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
PROPERTIES
![Page 23: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
PROPERTIES OF GLASS Transparent Chemically inert - Compatible with majority of
pharmaceutical formulations, food products, cosmetics Non-permeable to gas, moisture and odour Moldable - Any shape, size as desired Can be sterilized
100 % recyclable (environment friendly)
No need of protective coating inside
Do not deteriorate, stain, fade or corrode
Ideal for high speed filling /capping / labeling machines
Brittle/ Fragile
Heavy
![Page 24: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
PROPERTIES OF PORCELAIN Opaque
Chemically inert
Moldable - Any shape, size as desired
Can withstand High Temperature
Refractory
Tough & Durable
Stain & Water Resistant
Scratch resistant
Non Conductor of Electricity
Brittle/ Fragile
![Page 25: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
PACKAGING
![Page 26: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
PACKAGING Packaging Materials
CFB box
Paper Board Cartons
Thermoformed Plastics
Wooden Crates
Plastic Crates
Accessory Materials
Cushioning
Fillers
Wraps
Straps
![Page 27: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
CFB BOXES
Available in Various Sizes
Light weight
With or without partitions
Good Printability
Good stacking properties
Various flute types
![Page 28: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
QUALITY ASPECTS
Box compression strength
Edge crush test
Cobb test
Bursting strength
Grammage
Burst factor
Moisture content
Type of flute
![Page 29: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
PAPER BOARD CARTONS
Good aesthetics
Printability
Light in weight
Ease of packing, storing, distributing and shelving
![Page 30: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
QUALITY ASPECTS
Box compression Strength
Taber Stiffness
Cobb Test
Bursting strength
Grammage
Burst Factor
Moisture Content
![Page 31: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
THERMOFORMED TRAYS Easy Modification Low Initial Project Costs Short Production Time Short Tooling Lead Time
![Page 32: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
WOODEN CRATES
Transport large & heavy items
Easy to produce and acquire
Anti theft proof
Good stacking properties
![Page 33: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Plastic Crates Smooth surface
Easily cleaning
Does not rot when kept on soil
Odourless
Hygienic
Light weight
Reusable
Recyclable
Environment friendly
![Page 34: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
CUSHIONING
Absorb kinetic energy during sudden impact or drop
Different Cushioning materials
Bubble films
Expanded Polystyrene (EPS)
Expanded Polyethylene (EPE)
Expanded Polyurethane (EPU)
![Page 35: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
LABELING
![Page 36: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
LABELS
THIS SIDE UP
FRAGILE
DO NOT STACK
![Page 37: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
LABELS
HANDLE WITH CARE
KEEP DRY
![Page 38: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
CASE STUDY
![Page 39: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
GLASS PANEL
![Page 40: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
GLASS PANEL
Properties: Strongest on edges
Sharp corners
Large surface
Considerations: Packed upright on longest edge
Wooden crates to be used
Minimum 3” foam to be used
Rigid material at bottom edge
To be labeled as fragile
![Page 41: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
GLASS PANEL
![Page 42: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
BATHROOM FIXTURES
![Page 43: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
BATHROOM FIXTURES
Properties Heavy
High impact strength
Irregular shape
Protruded ends
Consideration Voids to be filled
Strap properly
Bottom of box to be tapped properly
![Page 44: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
FLOWER VASE
![Page 45: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
FLOWER VASE
Properties: Fragile
Irregular shape
Handles (weakest part)
Costly
Consideration: Fillers to be used
Bubble wrapped
Cushioned properly
![Page 46: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
GLASS BOTTLES
![Page 47: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
YOU THINKTHANK YOU
![Page 50: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Definition Clay-A fine-grained, firm earthy material that is plastic when
wet and hardens when heated, consisting primarily of hydrated silicates of aluminum and widely used in making bricks, tiles, and pottery.
Flux-A continued flow Feldspar -Any of a group of aluminosilicate minerals that also
contains calcium, sodium, or potassium. Feldspars are the most common minerals in the Earth's crust and are the major component in nearly all igneous rocks
![Page 51: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Stabilizer- is a chemical that is added to a solution or mixture or suspension to maintain it in a stable or unchanging state.
Anti theft proof: Due to the manufacturing process of nailing the boards together, opening the crates are sometimes harder which decreases the risk of unauthorized access to the goods
![Page 52: Pacakging of glass & porcelain](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061305/54b1de914a7959c2358b45a7/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Disadvantages using wooden crates: 1. Low strength/weight ratio: Depending on the wood used, wooden crates have a lower
material strength than plywood. This is partly due to the manufacturing process of plywood where the fibres are put in different directions to increase strength.
2. More material needed: To get the same strength as other materials such as plywood, plastic or metal, more volume is needed. The increase in packaging volume may increase transportation cost.
3. Low material flexibility: Non-engineered wood generally has a lower material flexibility than for example plywood. This may result in damages from excessive pressure. With more flexible materials, pressure on the material can be spotted and decreased before damages occur.
4. Can seldom be reused: After opening most wooden crates, the solid wood material often has to be disposed of. This increases environmental impact and, if boards are not used for other purposes, requires resources for material disposal