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Title: Needs & Redistribution Technical Working Group Paper: NR TWG 19-02: Review of local authorities’ relative needs and
resources: Area Cost Adjustment Date: 25 June 2019 Venue: Local Government Association, 18 Smith Square, London
1. Policy Background
1.1. The relative needs assessment consists of a number of Relative Needs
Formulas (RNFs) and specific Area Cost Adjustments (ACAs). It treats local
authorities on a consistent basis and accounts for factors that relate to their
service pressures and are outside of authorities’ control, in particular:
• Area characteristics, such as numbers of children or cumulative length of
road, which determine the number of interventions required are additive
cost drivers and are accounted for in RNFs;
• Factors, such as wages, commercial rents and other geographical
features which might affect the cost of making the same intervention are
accounted for by the ACAs. The ACAs aim to accurately measure local
variation in the cost of delivering services.
1.2. In line with the principles of the Review, we have taken a fresh look at the Area
Cost Adjustment. We propose to continue to adjust for both labour and
business rates, but we have refreshed the 2013/14 approach, making several
improvements to the accuracy and coverage, including:
• Calculation of variation in costs at more granular levels of geography;
• More detailed approach to assessing the going market rate for labour
and removal of arbitrary lower limits in the labour cost adjustment;
• More robust methodology and data source for the Rates Cost
Adjustment; and
• Inclusion of an adjustment to address issues of sparsity and density
using sophisticated measurements of journey times that avoids ‘cliff
edges’ between local authorities.
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1.3. This paper introduces the ACA methodology as outlined in the December 2018
consultation1 on Relative Needs and Resources and illustrates a specific
approach to weighting the individual components of the ACA and their
application to Relative Needs Formulas. The structure of the paper follows the
ACA structure as outlined in figure 1.
Figure 1: Proposed structure of the ACA
1 https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/review-of-local-authorities-relative-needs-and-resources
Weights determined by Subjective Analysis Return and Revenue Outturn
Area Cost Adjustment
Labour Cost Adjustment (LCA) Based on local wage data
Rates Cost Adjustment (RCA) Based on local Rateable Values
Remoteness Based on journey times
to major cities
Weights determined by National Travel Survey data or service-specific cost modelling
Accessibility (within LCA)
Dispersal Based on journey
times to "hub" towns
Traversal Based on journey
times between households
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2. Calculation of Labour Cost Adjustment, Rates Cost Adjustment, and Journey Times Measures
2.1. The LCA, RCA and Journey Times measures are each calculated as indices with a mean of 1, with higher cost authorities
scoring above one and vice versa. The following tables summarise the methodologies and rationale for calculating each
index. The technical regression specifications for the LCA and RCA are included in Annex 2 and values for individual local
authorities can be found in Annex 4.
Table 1: Methodology summary of Labour and Rates Cost Adjustments
What are we measuring?
Data What factors are controlled for?
Why do we control for these?
Why don’t we use local authority data?
LCA
Spatial variation in the going rate for similar workers, accounting for the effects of other factors known to affect wages.
ONS Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE) 2015, 2016 & 2017
Age, Sex, Full-time vs Part-time, Public vs Private sector, Occupation (e.g. “Chief Executive” or “Dental Therapist”), Industry (e.g. “Advertising” and “Youth Work”)
Averaging these effects out avoids us ascribing high costs to areas with a large number of workers in highly-paid occupations or industries such as finance.
We use a sample of all workers partly because outsourcing and other arrangements have made it more difficult to separate private and public sector professions, and partly to maintain incentives for LAs to exercise pay restraint - using LA paybills would compensate authorities which have chosen to pay above the local going rate. ASHE has the advantage of being a large dataset, which is consistently collected across local authorities and includes relevant worker characteristics.
RCA
Spatial variation in the going rate for similar properties, accounting for the effects of building characteristics known to affect valuation.
A detailed database of property valuations from the Valuation Office Agency (VOA)
Property Type, Types of Features (e.g. air conditioning), Valuation adjustments (e.g. age, variations in floor level), Plant and Machinery value, Area of property, Proportion of area taken up by additional features such as car parks.
Averaging these effects out avoids us ascribing high costs to areas with higher quality buildings.
We use a sample of all buildings partly because outsourcing and other arrangements have made it more difficult to separate private and public sector buildings, and partly to maintain incentives for LAs to exercise cost restraint - using LA rent bills would compensate authorities which have chosen to pay above the local going rate. Again, the VOA database is the largest dataset that we are aware of, collected consistently across local authorities and including relevant building characteristics.
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2.2. As noted in the December 2018 consultation, the RCA will be applied to all premises costs. As rateable values for the majority
of properties are based on market rents, the RCA can be used to adjust for variation in rents paid and/or the income foregone
by using space which could otherwise be rented at market rates, and other premises costs, in addition to the cost of business
rates.
2.3. Our refreshed ACA includes three journey times measures (see figure 1). We believe these are superior to measures of
sparsity or density in making an assessment of area costs for the following reasons:
• More sophisticated: Journey times measures can reflect the way services are actually delivered. Some sparsely-
populated areas are either close to or well-connected to much denser areas (e.g. areas in a Green Belt) or have easy
access to motorways or major roads. This has different implications for the cost of service delivery.
• Robust evidence: Compensating areas for differences in labour productivity due to the time staff spend travelling can
be supported by empirical evidence or expert assessments of actual journeys made, such as studies of waste
collection routes by WRAP.
• Avoids cliff edges: Previous measures of sparsity or super-sparsity have counted the proportion of smaller areas with
population density below a judgement-based threshold. This create "cliff edges" around the threshold, with similar areas
either side of the threshold having different implications for funding. Areas which are far below the threshold are counted
the same as areas just below the threshold, meaning that funding is not targeted to areas with the greatest potential
need. By contrast, journey times provide a continuous proxy measure of additional costs, treating similar areas
alike and dissimilar areas differently.
2.4. We use journey times measures to capture direct costs through staff time (Accessibility) and indirect costs through
procurement or economies of scale (Remoteness).
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Table 2: Summary of methodologies for calculation of Journey Times measures
Measure Description Rationale A
cce
ss
ibilit
y (
wit
hin
LC
A)
Traversal
• MHCLG-commissioned* journey times from Lower Super Output Areas (400 to 1,200 households) to the closest Lower Super Output Areas (LSOA) in an area totalling 10,000 people.
• The centre of LSOAs is determined by the ONS using population weights.
• Reflects the additional cost – in terms of employee time and therefore paybill – of longer journeys between households when delivering services such as waste collection
Dispersal
• DfT Journey Times from Output Areas (average 129 households) to the closest “hub town” (settlement of over 10,000 people).
• The centre of each “hub town” is the centre of an Area of Town Centre Activity (ACTA) or a selected school or shop in a settlement without an ACTA.
• Reflects the additional cost – in terms of employee time and therefore paybill – of longer journeys to reach households in order to provide services such as child protection visits
Remoteness
• DfT Journey Times from Output Areas to Major Towns and Cities (areas identified by the ONS as Built Up Areas - contingent areas of high density development, also used by Defra to define Urban/Rural Classifications - with more than 75,000 residents).
• The centre of each “Major Town or City” is selected by DfT from features such as major railway stations or town halls. Ferry journeys, including mandatory waiting times, to/from the Isle of Wight are accounted for. Sub-divisions of Major Towns and Cities, such as London, which individually contain more than 75,000 people, are also included. Centres of these additional areas are determined as the centre of the Areas of Town Centre activity within the area with the greatest workday population.
• Functions as a proxy to account for separation from larger concentrations of service users.
• Economic theory suggests that outside of larger service markets, fewer providers can sustainably operate, reducing competition and increasing the cost of procuring specialised goods and services such as social care beds for local authorities. The cost of “in house” services will also be higher due to lower economies of scale.
* LSOA to LSOA journey times were estimated by Basemap Ltd., who supply software for this purpose to DfT, using the same algorithms, assumptions, Ordnance Survey mapping and GPS data. Definitions of the geographies discussed can be found in Annex 3.
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2.5. The figures below illustrate the three key discrete components of the ACA
before they are weighted to form composite indices. In each measure, the
average authority has a score of 1; the darker shaded areas reflect a higher
score and the lighter shaded a lower score.
Figure 2: LCA Index (excluding accessibility)
Figure 3: RCA Index
Figure 4: Remoteness Index
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3. Weighting the components of the ACA
LCA, RCA and Remoteness
3.1. Components of the ACA are weighted together into a single index for each
funding formula, appropriate for the relevant service(s).
3.2. Weights for the LCA, RCA and Remoteness are determined using two data
sources: Revenue Outturn (RO) and Subjective Analysis Return (SAR). RO
statistics are based on the actual revenue spending of all local authorities in
England using the final audited financial accounts where possible. SAR is
completed by a sample of authorities in England and gives more detailed
breakdowns of spending within services. Since weights are calculated using
aggregated data at the service level, the final ACAs for individual authorities are
not dependent directly on their RO or SAR return. This section summarises our
application of the RO and SAR data to produce weights for each service’s ACA.
3.2.1. Local authorities record the split of their spending on each service line
in the RO between: “employee costs” and “running costs”.
3.2.2. Employee costs are directly allocated to the LCA weight. The
figures in the boxes below show how intermediate weights are
determined for the Lower Tier Foundation Formula for illustrative
purposes. Note, the box colours correspond to figure 1.
3.2.3. Next, we need to identify the components of ‘Running Costs’. The
SAR collates authorities’ break down of running costs into categories
for: “Social Care” and “All other services” (this excludes spending
which is out of scope of the settlement such as Police and Schools).
3.2.4. We assign these categories to the most appropriate components of
the ACA (see Annex 1 for a full list).
3.2.5. The cost of spending for some categories is assumed to vary with one
of the LCA, RCA or Remoteness (for example, agency staff costs are
assigned to the LCA).
3.2.6. Some categories are assumed to be unaffected by any components of
the ACA and remain unadjusted (for example, energy costs are
assumed not to vary geographically).
Employee Costs 33%
Running Costs 67%
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3.2.7. Some categories are assumed to be affected by all three factors and
are split (for example, contracted services). The boxes below show
how running costs are initially weighted, before this split takes
place.
3.2.8. In line with the previous Review of the Area Cost Adjustment (Elliott et
al, 1996), we assume 70% of contracted costs are labour costs, so
assume 70% of the split category refers to employee costs and 30%
refers to running costs. We apply the weights from the previous step
in order to split the “running costs” of those categories assigned to
‘split’ (for example, the labour share of the split categories would be
70% + 30%*(14%/(14%+9%+7%+43%))=76%). After reassigning the
split categories, we have final weightings for running costs, as
shown below.
3.2.9. Adding the employee costs from the RO (step 3.2.2) to the labour
costs from within running costs (step 3.2.8) and splitting insurance
costs according to these weights, we get a final weight for the LCA,
RCA and Remoteness:
Table 4: Example ACA Weightings Relative Need Formula LCA RCA Remoteness Unadjusted
Adult Social Care 62.1% 1.8% 2.6% 33.5%
Children’s Services 71.2% 1.3% 2.0% 25.5%
Foundation Formula: Lower Tier 55.5% 7.0% 5.3% 32.2%
Foundation Formula: Upper Tier 49.5% 7.9% 6.1% 36.6%
Highway Maintenance 46.5% 8.4% 6.4% 38.7%
3.3. Table four gives example weights for some formulas to illustrate how the ACA
can be applied to different services. Weights differ between services primarily
due to the service specific employee costs from RO data, this reflects the fact
that services such as Adult Social Care are more labour intensive than
Highways Maintenance for example. Furthermore, the running costs differ
between social care and other services, due to the structure of SAR data.
3.4. We have also considered an alternative option, under the assumption that
contracted services (the split category) are potentially more affected by
Labour Costs 33%
Rates Costs 10%
Remoteness 8%
Unadjusted 48%
Labour Costs 14%
Rates Costs 9%
Remoteness 7%
Unadjusted 43%
Split 26%
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remoteness than other areas. In this scenario, instead of applying the weights
from step 3.2.7 to the split category exactly as before, we reassign the
‘unadjusted’ portion of the split category to remoteness, giving a higher
remoteness weight. Table 5 shows the impact of this on the final weights.
Table 5: Example Alternative ACA Weightings Relative Need Formula LCA RCA Remoteness Unadjusted
Adult Social Care 62.1% 1.8% 14.4% 21.7%
Children’s Services 71.2% 1.3% 10.9% 16.5%
Foundation Formula: Lower Tier 55.5% 7.0% 8.4% 29.2%
Foundation Formula: Upper Tier 49.5% 7.9% 9.5% 33.1%
Highway Maintenance 46.5% 8.4% 10.1% 35.1%
Accessibility
3.5. Accessibility measures additional employee time needed to deliver services
owing to journey times and is therefore applied to the LCA (see section 4 for
details of the application). Weights for Accessibility are determined using the
National Transport Survey or service specific cost modelling where data is
available.
3.6. The default weight is calculated using the average number of hours per year
spent travelling for work by relevant workers in the National Transport
Survey, as a proportion of all paid time.
3.7. The weight for domiciliary adult social care uses travel time estimates
published by the UK Homecare Association (UKHCA), and the weight for waste
collection estimates total travel time from Waste and Resources Action
Programme’s (WRAP) Indicative Cost and Performance (ICP2) published
model of waste collection costs. The waste collection weight is applied to the
proportion of labour costs in the Foundation Formula that correspond to waste
collection.
3.8. This gives the following Accessibility weights:
Table 6: Illustrative Accessibility Weightings Relative Need Formula Weight
Adult Social Care 3.1%
Foundation Formula Lower Tier 5.9%
Foundation Formula Upper Tier 3.3%
All other formulas 3.0%
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4. Calculating a final ACA
4.1. Once the weights are determined, the indices can be combined to form ACAs.
The full calculation can be found in Annex 2. Note that the weights are specific
to each service, whilst the indices are specific to each local authority. Illustrative
values for each index and the ACAs can be found in Annex 4.
4.2. All indices are initially calculated at the lower tier level. Upper tier ACAs are
then calculated as a population weighted average of the relevant lower tier
authorities.
4.3. The underlying data to calculate the LCA, RCA and Journey Times measures
are not available on new geographies. ACAs for newly formed authorities are
calculated as a population weighted average of the relevant authority scores,
analogous to our approach for upper tier authorities.
4.4. Figure 5 illustrates the illustrative ACA scores for the lower tier foundation
formula. This will look different for different service areas due to the service
specific weightings discussed in section 3.
Figure 5: Illustrative Lower Tier Foundation Formula ACA
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5. Application of the ACA within the Relative Needs and Resources Review
Expenditure Based Regression (EBR):
5.1. EBR is used to assess relative needs in the Foundation Formulas and
Highways Maintenance Formula using the average relationship between
historic spending and cost drivers. To ensure historic spend is comparable
between areas, spend is first divided by the ACA. After the relationships with
cost drivers are determined, estimated need is multiplied by the ACA,
increasing the assessment of need for areas with higher relative input costs.
This compensates areas for the higher cost of delivering the same intervention.
In the flow chart below, these two ACA steps are in yellow. The blue boxes
refer to the calculation of individual local authority allocations using relative
need formulas.
5.2. This means that increasing an authority’s ACA does not necessarily
increase funding since the ACA is applied both before and after running the
regressions. However:
5.2.1. A higher ACA compared to similar authorities will result in a greater
share of funding (i.e. compared to authorities with similar values for
each cost driver);
5.2.2. A higher ACA compared to an alternative ACA (e.g. the 2013/14
methodology) for the same authority does not necessarily imply a
greater share of funding (although in many instances it will). This is for
two reasons, firstly the overall ACA distribution will have changed.
Secondly, when the new ACA is applied to divide spending, the
estimated relationships between cost drivers and spending in any
expenditure-based regression will change and this affects assessed
relative need.
5.2.3. If we did not deflate by costs first, our coefficients in the regression
would be biased since expenditure would appear higher in areas
with higher costs – i.e. the coefficients would pick up a cost effect as
well as a volume effect. This would be a particular concern if any cost
drivers were correlated with costs, since when we re-inflate by the
ACA at the end, costs may be double counted.
Divide spending in each area by the
ACA
Estimate relationship
between cost drivers and spending
Multiply estimated
weights by the actual value of
cost drivers
Multiply estimated need for each area by
the ACA
Rescale to control totals to calculate
target allocations
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Multi-Level Models (MLM):
5.3. For formulas which are determined by MLM, the ACA is simply applied to the
estimated needs shares. In this case the effect of the ACA is direct - a higher
ACA results in a greater share of funding.
5.4. This approach is applied to the Adult Social Care and Children’s Social Care
RNFs.
Legacy Capital Finance:
5.5. The Legacy Capital Finance formula will not be adjusted using an ACA as it is
based on actual historic obligations.
6. Discussion points for Technical Working Group
6.1. We welcome comments on the ACA methodology. In particular, we are seeking
views on our interpretation of the SAR data (set out in Annex 1), our approach
to weights and any additional evidence you may be able to provide.
Estimate need shares through MLM
Multiply estimated need for each area by
the ACA
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Annex 1 – Subjective Analysis Return Decisions
The table below summarises our initial assignment of Subjective Analysis Return
(SAR) part B lines to ACA weights. The objective here is to determine weights within
running costs. SAR part A relates to employee pay and is excluded from this
exercise. We prefer to use the RO to measure employee costs since this gives a
reliable, service specific assessment.
SAR Line Weight
decision
Rationale
PREMISES EXPENSES 18 Repairs, Alterations and
Maintenance of Buildings
RCA Proportional to rents (see line 21)
19 Energy Costs - Electricity,
Gas and Other
Unadjusted Geographic variation is likely minimal
given market structure
21 Rents RCA RCA is a measure of rateable values,
which are based on market rents for the
majority of premises
22 Rates RCA RCA is a measure of rateable values
23 Water Services Unadjusted Geographic variation is likely minimal
given market structure
24 Fixtures & Fittings RCA Premises costs are proportional to rents
(see line 21)
25 Cleaning and Domestic
Supplies
RCA Premises costs are proportional to rents
(see line 21)
26 Grounds Maintenance Costs RCA Premises costs are proportional to rents
(see line 21)
27 Premises Insurance RCA Premises costs are proportional to rents
(see line 21)
28 Other Premises Related
Expenditure
RCA Premises costs are proportional to rents
(see line 21)
TRANSPORT EXPENSES 30 Direct Transport Costs -
Vehicle Running Costs, Repair
& Maintenance
Remoteness Variation in journey times proxied by
remoteness
32 Contract Hire and Operating
Leases
Remoteness Variation in journey times proxied by
remoteness
33 Car Allowances for Travelling
Expenses
Remoteness Variation in journey times proxied by
remoteness
34 Public Transport Allowances
for Travelling Expenses
Remoteness Variation in journey times proxied by
remoteness
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SAR Line Weight
decision
Rationale
35 Transport Insurance Remoteness Will reflect costs for other transport
activities, as premiums correlate with
replacement values
36 Other Transport Related
Expenditure
Remoteness No detailed guidance so follow rest of
category.
SUPPLIES & SERVICES EXPENDITURE 38 Equipment, Furniture &
Materials
Remoteness Cost variation may arise due to (lack of)
economies of scale in provider markets
39 Catering Split Will reflect the breakdown of other costs
between the LCA, RCA and Remoteness
40 Clothing, Uniforms & Laundry Split Will reflect the breakdown of other costs
between the LCA, RCA and Remoteness
41 Printing, Stationery and
General Office Expenses
Unadjusted Geographic variation is likely minimal
given market concentration
42 Communications and
Computing - Postage,
Telephone, Computer Costs and
Other
Unadjusted Geographic variation is likely minimal
given market concentration
46 Subsistence and Conference
Expenses
Unadjusted Travel expenses are captured above
(lines 30-36), other costs will be equal
47 Subscriptions Unadjusted Unlikely to vary geographically given the
scale of providers
48 Insurance Other Will reflect other costs, as premiums
correlate with replacement values
49 Schools' Non ICT Learning
Resources
Excluded Schools funding is out of scope of
Settlement
50 Schools' ICT Learning
Resources
Excluded Schools funding is out of scope of
Settlement
51 Exam Fees Unadjusted Unlikely to vary geographically given the
scale of providers
52 Other Supplies and Services
Expenditure
Unadjusted Largely PFI (according to guidance)
THIRD PARTY PAYMENTS 54 Joint Authorities and Other
Local Authorities
Unadjusted Will be captured in ACA for the
contracted authority
55 Grants to Voluntary Bodies Unadjusted Guidance states that this excludes
contracted services and therefore covers
discretionary grants – we do not adjust
discretionary payments
56 Private Contractors and
Other Agencies - Professional
Services
Split Will reflect the breakdown of other costs
between the LCA, RCA and Remoteness
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SAR Line Weight
decision
Rationale
57 Private Contractors and
Other Agencies - Agency Staff
LCA Reflects local labour costs
58 Private Contractors and
Other Agencies - Other
Split Will reflect the breakdown of other costs
between the LCA, RCA and remoteness
59 Internal Trading
Organisations
Unadjusted Internal transfers do not contribute to net
expenditure
OTHER 61 Total Transfer Payments
(Discretionary)
Unadjusted We do not adjust discretionary payments
62 Expenditure on Management
and Support Services
LCA Reflects local labour costs
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Annex 2 – Equations
The regression specifications for the LCA and RCA respectively are as follows: ln(𝑔𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑝𝑎𝑦)
= 𝛼 + 𝛽1ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 + 𝛽2𝑎𝑔𝑒 + 𝛽3𝑎𝑔𝑒2 + 𝛾𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑢𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦𝑖 + 𝛿𝑗𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑗 + 𝛿𝑘𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑘 + 𝛿𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑝𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 & 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑦 𝑔𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑝𝑙 + 𝛿𝑚𝑠𝑒𝑥𝑚 + 휀
ln (𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 − 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚𝑎𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑦 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎)
= 𝛼 + 𝛽1
𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎+ 𝛽2
𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑑𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎+ 𝛽3
𝑐𝑎𝑟 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑘 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎+ 𝛾𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑢𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦𝑖 + 𝛿𝑗𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑦 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑗
+ 𝛿𝑘𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑘 + 𝛿𝑙𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑑𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑙 + 𝛿𝑚𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑚 + 휀
The final ACA for local authority ‘i’ and service area ‘j’ is calculated as follows:
𝐴𝐶𝐴 𝑖,𝑗 = [(𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑖 × 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑙 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑗) + 1 − 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑙 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑗] × [(𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑖 × 𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑙 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑗) + 1 − 𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑙 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑗]
× 𝐿𝐶𝐴𝑖 × 𝐿𝐶𝐴 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑗 + 𝑅𝐶𝐴𝑖 × 𝑅𝐶𝐴 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑗 + 𝑅𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖 × 𝑅𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑗 + 𝑈𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑗
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
17
Annex 3 – Geographic Definitions
Geography Description
Lower Super Output Areas
(LSOA)
400 to 1,200 households
Output Areas Average 129 households
Hub Town Settlement of over 10,000 people
Major Towns and Cities Areas identified by the ONS as Built Up Areas - contingent areas of high density development, also
used by Defra to define Urban/Rural Classifications - with more than 75,000 residents
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
18
Annex 4 – Illustrative Indices
The tables below are based on 2017/18 geographies. There are two sets of numbers linked to the example weightings from
Tables 4 and 5.
Upper Tier Authority Indices – EXAMPLE WEIGHTS
E-code
Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Adult Social Care ACA
Children’s Services ACA
Foundation Formula – Upper Tier ACA
Highways Maintenance ACA
E5030 Barking & Dagenham LB 0.847 0.755 1.050 1.102 0.227 1.005 1.013 0.979 0.976
E5031 Barnet LB 0.548 0.787 1.060 1.617 0.278 1.016 1.022 1.024 1.024
E5032 Bexley LB 0.692 0.759 1.020 0.967 0.256 0.982 0.987 0.953 0.951
E5033 Brent LB 0.803 0.792 1.036 1.459 0.222 1.002 1.008 1.000 0.999
E5034 Bromley LB 0.824 0.837 1.031 1.267 0.238 0.998 1.003 0.985 0.983
E5011 Camden LB 0.698 0.747 1.207 2.969 0.141 1.128 1.143 1.195 1.197
E5010 City of London LB 1.596 1.202 1.474 3.232 0.152 1.333 1.375 1.378 1.368
E5035 Croydon LB 0.887 0.767 1.049 1.233 0.225 1.007 1.015 0.990 0.987
E5036 Ealing LB 0.796 0.818 1.055 1.427 0.275 1.015 1.022 1.011 1.009
E5037 Enfield LB 0.754 0.768 1.026 1.321 0.264 0.994 0.998 0.986 0.985
E5012 Greenwich LB 0.849 0.815 1.072 1.111 0.192 1.019 1.029 0.990 0.986
E5013 Hackney LB 0.654 0.691 1.101 1.901 0.170 1.044 1.053 1.059 1.059
E5014 Hammersmith & Fulham
LB 0.616 0.681 1.171 2.176 0.136 1.089 1.103 1.112 1.111
E5038 Haringey LB 0.571 0.706 1.033 1.522 0.159 0.994 0.998 0.995 0.995
E5039 Harrow LB 0.563 0.745 1.021 1.331 0.205 0.985 0.989 0.977 0.977
E5040 Havering LB 0.967 0.854 1.041 1.189 0.313 1.007 1.014 0.991 0.988
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
19
E-code
Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Adult Social Care ACA
Children’s Services ACA
Foundation Formula – Upper Tier ACA
Highways Maintenance ACA
E5041 Hillingdon LB 0.825 0.935 1.139 1.427 0.275 1.070 1.085 1.054 1.050
E5042 Hounslow LB 1.080 0.892 1.179 1.469 0.243 1.099 1.117 1.079 1.073
E5015 Islington LB 0.635 0.695 1.240 2.269 0.154 1.134 1.154 1.154 1.152
E5016 Kensington & Chelsea LB 1.117 0.722 1.174 3.753 0.175 1.130 1.139 1.249 1.255
E5043 Kingston-upon-Thames
LB 0.869 0.829 1.073 1.439 0.219 1.027 1.035 1.018 1.016
E5017 Lambeth LB 0.749 0.709 1.178 1.680 0.192 1.089 1.106 1.082 1.079
E5018 Lewisham LB 0.821 0.739 1.083 1.169 0.201 1.024 1.035 0.998 0.995
E5044 Merton LB 0.715 0.797 1.064 1.360 0.204 1.016 1.024 1.004 1.002
E5045 Newham LB 0.615 0.721 1.054 1.442 0.164 1.007 1.013 1.000 0.999
E5046 Redbridge LB 0.670 0.702 0.950 1.294 0.207 0.942 0.940 0.941 0.942
E5047 Richmond-upon-Thames
LB 0.642 0.874 1.115 1.670 0.218 1.053 1.065 1.054 1.052
E5019 Southwark LB 0.868 0.734 1.205 1.789 0.210 1.111 1.130 1.108 1.104
E5048 Sutton LB 0.711 0.756 1.012 1.076 0.177 0.977 0.982 0.954 0.952
E5020 Tower Hamlets LB 0.894 0.728 1.336 1.983 0.177 1.195 1.225 1.185 1.178
E5049 Waltham Forest LB 0.817 0.826 1.001 1.319 0.168 0.978 0.981 0.970 0.969
E5021 Wandsworth LB 0.650 0.720 1.094 1.616 0.189 1.035 1.045 1.035 1.034
E5022 Westminster LB 0.978 0.698 1.306 4.379 0.170 1.220 1.237 1.361 1.366
E4401 Barnsley MD 1.230 0.966 0.961 0.601 1.521 0.985 0.981 0.983 0.984
E4601 Birmingham MD 0.840 0.761 1.005 0.863 1.376 1.003 1.001 1.008 1.010
E4201 Bolton MD 1.173 0.844 0.944 0.670 0.806 0.954 0.951 0.934 0.933
E4701 Bradford MD 1.257 0.864 0.946 0.635 1.497 0.974 0.968 0.976 0.977
E4202 Bury MD 0.981 0.865 0.961 0.750 0.852 0.965 0.963 0.949 0.949
E4702 Calderdale MD 1.187 1.089 0.930 0.600 1.437 0.966 0.959 0.965 0.966
E4602 Coventry MD 1.266 0.728 1.020 0.774 1.518 1.021 1.020 1.022 1.023
E4402 Doncaster MD 1.152 0.967 0.933 0.604 1.531 0.967 0.960 0.970 0.971
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
20
E-code
Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Adult Social Care ACA
Children’s Services ACA
Foundation Formula – Upper Tier ACA
Highways Maintenance ACA
E4603 Dudley MD 0.749 0.817 0.918 0.661 1.428 0.947 0.938 0.953 0.956
E4501 Gateshead MD 1.062 0.931 0.933 0.736 1.104 0.956 0.951 0.952 0.953
E4703 Kirklees MD 1.123 0.964 0.899 0.605 1.458 0.944 0.934 0.948 0.951
E4301 Knowsley MD 0.854 0.856 1.031 0.646 0.981 1.007 1.011 0.982 0.980
E4704 Leeds MD 0.927 0.874 0.987 0.913 1.485 0.999 0.995 1.013 1.015
E4302 Liverpool MD 0.782 0.785 0.998 0.741 1.122 0.989 0.988 0.979 0.979
E4203 Manchester MD 0.738 0.730 1.023 0.985 0.454 0.990 0.994 0.968 0.967
E4502 Newcastle-upon-Tyne MD 0.848 0.818 1.005 0.863 1.104 0.997 0.997 0.992 0.993
E4503 North Tyneside MD 0.896 0.888 0.963 0.665 1.129 0.971 0.967 0.960 0.960
E4204 Oldham MD 0.639 0.789 0.904 0.621 0.866 0.921 0.913 0.906 0.908
E4205 Rochdale MD 0.932 0.865 0.945 0.638 0.926 0.954 0.950 0.937 0.937
E4403 Rotherham MD 0.949 0.868 0.951 0.593 1.585 0.974 0.968 0.976 0.978
E4206 Salford MD 0.993 0.847 0.988 0.738 0.452 0.970 0.973 0.937 0.935
E4604 Sandwell MD 0.935 0.781 0.928 0.645 1.444 0.956 0.947 0.959 0.962
E4304 Sefton MD 0.810 0.788 0.926 0.679 1.351 0.951 0.942 0.954 0.956
E4404 Sheffield MD 0.860 0.835 0.975 0.738 1.590 0.989 0.984 0.998 1.000
E4605 Solihull MD 0.863 0.933 1.081 1.030 1.406 1.057 1.062 1.064 1.063
E4504 South Tyneside MD 1.168 0.895 0.906 0.566 1.080 0.937 0.929 0.924 0.925
E4303 St Helens MD 1.074 0.909 0.934 0.671 0.860 0.949 0.945 0.932 0.932
E4207 Stockport MD 0.816 0.900 0.972 0.716 0.472 0.959 0.960 0.928 0.926
E4505 Sunderland MD 1.106 0.849 0.972 0.656 1.124 0.978 0.976 0.965 0.965
E4208 Tameside MD 0.824 0.847 0.944 0.619 0.716 0.945 0.943 0.920 0.919
E4209 Trafford MD 0.780 0.801 0.996 0.869 0.227 0.968 0.972 0.934 0.932
E4705 Wakefield MD 1.031 0.990 0.970 0.726 1.482 0.990 0.985 0.993 0.995
E4606 Walsall MD 0.873 0.825 0.937 0.664 1.446 0.961 0.953 0.965 0.967
E4210 Wigan MD 0.886 0.922 0.961 0.676 0.853 0.963 0.961 0.943 0.943
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
21
E-code
Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Adult Social Care ACA
Children’s Services ACA
Foundation Formula – Upper Tier ACA
Highways Maintenance ACA
E4305 Wirral MD 0.757 0.773 0.940 0.647 1.304 0.956 0.949 0.954 0.956
E4607 Wolverhampton MD 0.983 0.807 0.946 0.671 1.463 0.969 0.962 0.972 0.974
E0421 Buckinghamshire SC 1.088 1.249 1.046 1.007 0.748 1.029 1.036 1.014 1.011
E0521 Cambridgeshire SC 1.359 1.458 1.006 1.040 1.645 1.038 1.037 1.060 1.060
E0920 Cumbria SC 1.370 1.825 0.970 0.605 1.724 1.017 1.015 1.018 1.017
E1021 Derbyshire SC 1.144 1.215 0.936 0.676 1.442 0.973 0.967 0.976 0.977
E1121 Devon SC 1.233 1.772 0.918 0.789 1.514 0.978 0.971 0.991 0.992
E1221 Dorset SC 1.083 1.517 0.930 0.859 1.340 0.975 0.969 0.985 0.986
E1421 East Sussex SC 1.001 1.167 0.934 0.833 1.483 0.972 0.964 0.986 0.989
E1521 Essex SC 1.178 1.137 0.978 0.966 0.709 0.984 0.985 0.974 0.973
E1620 Gloucestershire SC 1.242 1.347 0.970 0.790 0.927 0.987 0.987 0.974 0.972
E1721 Hampshire SC 1.041 1.127 1.011 0.979 0.676 1.002 1.005 0.987 0.985
E1920 Hertfordshire SC 0.907 1.013 1.021 1.148 0.831 1.010 1.012 1.011 1.010
E2221 Kent SC 1.180 1.176 0.966 0.938 1.038 0.985 0.983 0.986 0.986
E2321 Lancashire SC 1.073 1.026 0.944 0.585 1.360 0.969 0.964 0.963 0.964
E2421 Leicestershire SC 1.244 1.173 0.959 0.760 1.641 0.995 0.989 1.006 1.008
E2520 Lincolnshire SC 1.372 1.582 0.915 0.668 1.807 0.980 0.971 0.996 0.998
E2620 Norfolk SC 1.462 1.557 0.928 0.730 1.645 0.986 0.979 0.998 0.999
E2721 North Yorkshire SC 1.263 1.766 0.930 0.751 1.734 0.992 0.984 1.008 1.009
E2820 Northamptonshire SC 1.097 1.163 0.971 0.715 1.712 1.001 0.995 1.011 1.012
E3021 Nottinghamshire SC 1.088 1.124 0.936 0.656 1.601 0.974 0.966 0.981 0.983
E3120 Oxfordshire SC 0.943 1.344 1.026 1.111 1.237 1.031 1.032 1.042 1.042
E3320 Somerset SC 1.234 1.578 0.919 0.760 1.237 0.967 0.962 0.969 0.969
E3421 Staffordshire SC 1.144 1.154 0.947 0.746 1.463 0.980 0.975 0.987 0.988
E3520 Suffolk SC 1.409 1.466 0.937 0.725 1.570 0.987 0.981 0.996 0.996
E3620 Surrey SC 0.951 1.161 1.064 1.236 0.580 1.036 1.044 1.027 1.025
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
22
E-code
Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Adult Social Care ACA
Children’s Services ACA
Foundation Formula – Upper Tier ACA
Highways Maintenance ACA
E3720 Warwickshire SC 1.187 1.216 1.014 0.864 1.591 1.030 1.029 1.039 1.039
E3820 West Sussex SC 0.987 1.113 0.973 1.008 1.172 0.991 0.987 1.000 1.001
E1821 Worcestershire SC 1.042 1.213 0.936 0.770 1.415 0.972 0.965 0.980 0.981
E0101 Bath & North East Somerset
UA 1.406 1.279 0.964 1.137 0.966 0.992 0.990 1.002 1.002
E0202 Bedford UA 1.563 1.194 0.983 0.850 1.613 1.016 1.013 1.029 1.029
E2301 Blackburn with Darwen
UA 1.051 0.861 0.918 0.533 1.228 0.945 0.938 0.935 0.936
E2302 Blackpool UA 0.849 0.659 0.922 0.573 1.512 0.949 0.939 0.951 0.954
E1202 Bournemouth UA 0.701 0.735 0.964 0.922 0.954 0.965 0.961 0.964 0.966
E0301 Bracknell Forest UA 1.004 0.967 1.129 1.169 0.762 1.076 1.089 1.062 1.058
E1401 Brighton & Hove UA 1.028 0.776 0.978 1.302 1.379 0.998 0.992 1.033 1.037
E0102 Bristol UA 0.913 0.791 0.999 0.949 0.502 0.980 0.982 0.960 0.959
E0203 Central Bedfordshire UA 0.980 1.196 1.005 0.868 1.306 1.013 1.013 1.014 1.014
E0603 Cheshire East UA 1.012 1.199 0.974 0.791 0.934 0.983 0.983 0.971 0.970
E0604 Cheshire West & Chester
UA 1.129 1.212 0.986 0.803 1.027 0.995 0.996 0.985 0.984
E0801 Cornwall UA 1.274 1.846 0.896 0.807 1.889 0.976 0.964 1.005 1.008
E1301 Darlington UA 1.116 0.914 0.893 0.582 1.476 0.939 0.928 0.943 0.946
E1001 Derby UA 1.526 0.850 1.035 0.738 1.672 1.041 1.042 1.043 1.042
E1302 Durham UA 1.184 1.189 0.950 0.514 1.265 0.974 0.971 0.959 0.958
E2001 East Riding of Yorkshire
UA 1.213 1.423 0.919 0.591 1.749 0.974 0.965 0.984 0.985
E0601 Halton UA 0.766 0.924 1.003 0.662 0.879 0.987 0.989 0.963 0.961
E0701 Hartlepool UA 1.148 0.877 0.941 0.508 1.114 0.958 0.954 0.939 0.939
E1801 Herefordshire UA 1.493 1.986 0.919 0.653 1.619 0.988 0.981 0.994 0.994
E2101 Isle of Wight UA 1.260 1.377 0.936 0.703 2.480 1.005 0.993 1.045 1.049
E2002 Kingston-upon-Hull UA 1.029 0.894 0.942 0.545 1.721 0.973 0.965 0.978 0.980
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
23
E-code
Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Adult Social Care ACA
Children’s Services ACA
Foundation Formula – Upper Tier ACA
Highways Maintenance ACA
E2401 Leicester UA 0.974 0.742 0.930 0.765 1.678 0.965 0.954 0.983 0.987
E0201 Luton UA 0.920 0.807 1.081 0.937 1.072 1.046 1.052 1.035 1.033
E2201 Medway UA 1.091 0.896 0.953 0.889 0.894 0.966 0.962 0.961 0.962
E0702 Middlesbrough UA 0.881 0.865 0.958 0.581 1.348 0.971 0.967 0.964 0.965
E0401 Milton Keynes UA 0.957 1.012 1.085 1.001 1.578 1.068 1.072 1.077 1.077
E2003 North East Lincolnshire
UA 1.076 0.863 0.896 0.588 1.737 0.946 0.934 0.960 0.964
E2004 North Lincolnshire UA 0.991 1.274 0.949 0.539 1.563 0.981 0.975 0.977 0.978
E0104 North Somerset UA 1.055 1.131 0.950 0.832 0.566 0.959 0.958 0.939 0.938
E2901 Northumberland UA 1.321 1.708 0.935 0.644 1.429 0.984 0.980 0.983 0.982
E3001 Nottingham UA 1.141 0.823 0.970 0.767 1.689 0.994 0.988 1.007 1.010
E0501 Peterborough UA 0.972 1.039 0.979 0.889 1.785 1.006 1.000 1.029 1.032
E1101 Plymouth UA 1.063 0.916 0.935 0.904 0.943 0.956 0.951 0.957 0.958
E1201 Poole UA 0.797 0.933 0.985 1.039 1.099 0.990 0.987 0.998 0.999
E1701 Portsmouth UA 0.669 0.720 1.000 0.880 0.714 0.979 0.980 0.964 0.963
E0303 Reading UA 1.243 0.895 1.065 1.231 1.021 1.047 1.052 1.054 1.053
E0703 Redcar & Cleveland UA 1.393 0.968 0.927 0.495 1.504 0.965 0.958 0.959 0.960
E2402 Rutland UA 0.994 1.995 0.922 0.729 1.806 0.988 0.979 1.006 1.007
E3202 Shropshire UA 1.387 1.861 0.912 0.725 1.604 0.980 0.972 0.991 0.992
E0304 Slough UA 1.119 0.911 1.058 1.326 0.394 1.026 1.034 1.018 1.015
E0103 South Gloucestershire UA 1.197 1.010 1.025 0.988 0.465 1.005 1.011 0.982 0.979
E1702 Southampton UA 0.739 0.726 0.977 0.932 0.360 0.958 0.959 0.936 0.935
E1501 Southend-on-Sea UA 0.834 0.774 0.947 0.813 0.411 0.941 0.940 0.917 0.917
E0704 Stockton-on-Tees UA 1.016 0.911 0.937 0.568 1.268 0.959 0.953 0.950 0.951
E3401 Stoke-on-Trent UA 0.931 0.845 0.928 0.612 1.376 0.954 0.946 0.953 0.955
E3901 Swindon UA 0.957 0.957 1.005 0.891 1.057 1.001 1.002 0.996 0.996
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
24
E-code
Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Adult Social Care ACA
Children’s Services ACA
Foundation Formula – Upper Tier ACA
Highways Maintenance ACA
E3201 Telford & Wrekin UA 0.914 1.013 0.951 0.762 1.528 0.979 0.972 0.988 0.991
E1502 Thurrock UA 1.188 0.910 1.007 1.130 0.572 0.997 1.000 0.989 0.988
E1102 Torbay UA 0.723 0.878 0.910 0.734 1.463 0.945 0.934 0.957 0.961
E0602 Warrington UA 1.275 0.926 0.982 0.794 0.673 0.980 0.982 0.958 0.956
E0302 West Berkshire UA 1.203 1.366 1.054 1.031 1.066 1.048 1.054 1.044 1.041
E3902 Wiltshire UA 1.171 1.552 0.939 0.813 1.036 0.974 0.971 0.970 0.969
E0305 Windsor & Maidenhead
UA 1.040 1.113 1.145 1.428 0.609 1.091 1.105 1.085 1.081
E0306 Wokingham UA 1.072 1.086 1.126 1.288 0.862 1.083 1.095 1.080 1.076
E2701 York UA 1.068 1.012 0.951 1.107 1.698 0.991 0.982 1.028 1.032
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
25
Lower Tier Authority Indices – EXAMPLE WEIGHTS
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E6356 Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Combined Authority
CA 1.183 1.181 1.016 1.089 1.487 1.055
E6348 Greater Manchester Combined Authority CA 0.807 0.723 0.986 0.818 0.565 0.939
E6349 Liverpool City Region Combined Authority CA 0.767 0.709 0.985 0.744 1.007 0.955
E6351 North East Combined Authority CA 1.028 0.947 0.970 0.704 1.066 0.965
E6350 Sheffield City Region Combined Authority CA 0.939 0.776 0.974 0.712 1.386 0.975
E6355 Tees Valley Combined Authority CA 1.025 0.789 0.948 0.596 1.191 0.945
E6353 The West Yorkshire Combined Authority CA 1.007 0.804 0.969 0.796 1.309 0.977
E6346 West Midlands Combined Authority CA 0.851 0.685 0.998 0.846 1.262 0.985
E6354 West of England Combined Authority CA 1.026 0.831 1.016 1.083 0.519 0.983
E5100 Greater London Authority GLA 0.718 0.669 1.114 1.769 0.187 1.050
E5030 Barking & Dagenham LB 0.790 0.656 1.067 1.194 0.201 0.987
E5031 Barnet LB 0.511 0.684 1.077 1.752 0.247 1.026
E5032 Bexley LB 0.646 0.660 1.036 1.048 0.227 0.957
E5033 Brent LB 0.750 0.688 1.053 1.581 0.197 1.006
E5034 Bromley LB 0.769 0.727 1.048 1.373 0.211 0.992
E5011 Camden LB 0.651 0.649 1.226 3.218 0.125 1.204
E5010 City of London LB 1.490 1.044 1.498 3.502 0.134 1.431
E5035 Croydon LB 0.828 0.667 1.066 1.336 0.199 0.998
E5036 Ealing LB 0.743 0.710 1.072 1.546 0.243 1.017
E5037 Enfield LB 0.704 0.667 1.043 1.432 0.234 0.990
E5012 Greenwich LB 0.793 0.708 1.089 1.204 0.171 1.000
E5013 Hackney LB 0.611 0.600 1.119 2.060 0.151 1.064
E5014 Hammersmith & Fulham LB 0.575 0.592 1.190 2.358 0.120 1.119
E5038 Haringey LB 0.533 0.613 1.050 1.649 0.141 0.996
E5039 Harrow LB 0.526 0.648 1.038 1.443 0.182 0.979
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
26
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E5040 Havering LB 0.903 0.742 1.058 1.289 0.278 1.000
E5041 Hillingdon LB 0.770 0.812 1.157 1.546 0.244 1.069
E5042 Hounslow LB 1.008 0.775 1.198 1.593 0.215 1.099
E5015 Islington LB 0.593 0.604 1.260 2.460 0.136 1.165
E5016 Kensington & Chelsea LB 1.042 0.627 1.193 4.067 0.156 1.260
E5043 Kingston-upon-Thames LB 0.811 0.720 1.090 1.559 0.194 1.028
E5017 Lambeth LB 0.699 0.616 1.197 1.821 0.171 1.093
E5018 Lewisham LB 0.766 0.642 1.100 1.267 0.178 1.007
E5044 Merton LB 0.667 0.692 1.081 1.474 0.180 1.010
E5045 Newham LB 0.574 0.626 1.071 1.563 0.146 1.003
E5046 Redbridge LB 0.625 0.610 0.966 1.402 0.183 0.939
E5047 Richmond-upon-Thames LB 0.599 0.759 1.133 1.810 0.193 1.063
E5019 Southwark LB 0.810 0.638 1.225 1.939 0.186 1.122
E5048 Sutton LB 0.663 0.657 1.029 1.166 0.157 0.958
E5020 Tower Hamlets LB 0.835 0.633 1.358 2.149 0.157 1.207
E5049 Waltham Forest LB 0.762 0.717 1.017 1.430 0.149 0.975
E5021 Wandsworth LB 0.607 0.625 1.112 1.752 0.167 1.040
E5022 Westminster LB 0.913 0.606 1.328 4.746 0.150 1.374
E4401 Barnsley MD 1.148 0.839 0.976 0.652 1.347 0.979
E4601 Birmingham MD 0.784 0.661 1.022 0.935 1.219 0.998
E4201 Bolton MD 1.094 0.733 0.959 0.726 0.714 0.935
E4701 Bradford MD 1.173 0.751 0.961 0.688 1.326 0.969
E4202 Bury MD 0.915 0.751 0.976 0.813 0.755 0.948
E4702 Calderdale MD 1.108 0.946 0.945 0.650 1.274 0.961
E4602 Coventry MD 1.182 0.633 1.036 0.838 1.345 1.017
E4402 Doncaster MD 1.075 0.840 0.948 0.655 1.357 0.962
E4603 Dudley MD 0.699 0.710 0.933 0.717 1.265 0.938
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
27
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E4501 Gateshead MD 0.991 0.809 0.948 0.797 0.978 0.948
E4703 Kirklees MD 1.048 0.838 0.914 0.656 1.292 0.939
E4301 Knowsley MD 0.797 0.744 1.048 0.700 0.869 0.981
E4704 Leeds MD 0.865 0.759 1.003 0.989 1.315 1.004
E4302 Liverpool MD 0.730 0.682 1.014 0.803 0.994 0.972
E4203 Manchester MD 0.689 0.634 1.040 1.068 0.402 0.970
E4502 Newcastle-upon-Tyne MD 0.792 0.711 1.021 0.936 0.979 0.987
E4503 North Tyneside MD 0.836 0.771 0.979 0.720 1.000 0.954
E4204 Oldham MD 0.596 0.685 0.918 0.673 0.768 0.896
E4205 Rochdale MD 0.870 0.751 0.960 0.692 0.821 0.933
E4403 Rotherham MD 0.886 0.754 0.967 0.643 1.404 0.965
E4206 Salford MD 0.927 0.736 1.004 0.800 0.400 0.943
E4604 Sandwell MD 0.873 0.678 0.943 0.699 1.279 0.946
E4304 Sefton MD 0.756 0.685 0.941 0.736 1.197 0.940
E4404 Sheffield MD 0.803 0.726 0.990 0.800 1.409 0.985
E4605 Solihull MD 0.805 0.811 1.098 1.117 1.246 1.061
E4504 South Tyneside MD 1.090 0.778 0.920 0.613 0.957 0.920
E4303 St Helens MD 1.002 0.790 0.949 0.728 0.762 0.932
E4207 Stockport MD 0.762 0.782 0.988 0.776 0.418 0.931
E4505 Sunderland MD 1.033 0.738 0.987 0.711 0.996 0.963
E4208 Tameside MD 0.769 0.736 0.959 0.671 0.635 0.918
E4209 Trafford MD 0.728 0.696 1.013 0.942 0.201 0.940
E4705 Wakefield MD 0.962 0.860 0.986 0.787 1.313 0.987
E4606 Walsall MD 0.815 0.716 0.952 0.719 1.281 0.952
E4210 Wigan MD 0.827 0.801 0.976 0.732 0.756 0.942
E4305 Wirral MD 0.706 0.672 0.955 0.701 1.156 0.941
E4607 Wolverhampton MD 0.918 0.701 0.961 0.727 1.296 0.961
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
28
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E3831 Adur SD 0.960 0.806 0.946 0.936 1.254 0.970
E0931 Allerdale SD 0.919 1.708 0.942 0.631 1.047 0.970
E1031 Amber Valley SD 0.779 1.014 1.012 0.687 1.434 1.002
E3832 Arun SD 0.889 0.837 0.932 0.965 1.127 0.957
E3031 Ashfield SD 0.809 0.811 0.981 0.666 1.334 0.970
E2231 Ashford SD 1.452 1.212 0.981 1.007 0.997 1.013
E0431 Aylesbury Vale SD 1.088 1.156 1.045 0.981 1.004 1.034
E3531 Babergh SD 1.450 1.610 0.933 0.777 1.248 0.997
E0932 Barrow-in-Furness SD 0.924 0.787 1.024 0.554 1.986 1.023
E1531 Basildon SD 0.804 0.774 1.025 1.175 0.304 0.974
E1731 Basingstoke & Deane SD 1.266 1.068 1.073 1.105 0.724 1.045
E3032 Bassetlaw SD 1.044 1.179 0.956 0.636 1.195 0.969
E2431 Blaby SD 1.230 0.869 0.993 0.881 1.463 1.014
E1032 Bolsover SD 1.071 1.042 0.956 0.636 1.145 0.962
E2531 Boston SD 1.101 1.138 0.927 0.689 1.731 0.985
E1532 Braintree SD 0.978 1.234 0.922 0.935 0.784 0.949
E2631 Breckland SD 0.996 1.531 0.898 0.745 1.547 0.974
E1533 Brentwood SD 0.852 0.914 1.052 1.291 0.477 1.013
E2632 Broadland SD 2.009 1.276 0.946 0.828 1.385 1.019
E1831 Bromsgrove SD 0.868 0.996 1.001 0.852 1.270 1.000
E1931 Broxbourne SD 0.723 0.695 1.030 1.176 0.609 0.987
E3033 Broxtowe SD 0.984 0.837 0.996 0.721 1.447 0.995
E2333 Burnley SD 1.063 0.693 0.966 0.570 1.259 0.954
E0531 Cambridge SD 0.815 1.032 1.107 1.738 1.308 1.122
E3431 Cannock Chase SD 0.675 0.733 0.948 0.765 1.385 0.955
E2232 Canterbury SD 0.983 0.970 0.972 1.090 1.236 1.002
E0933 Carlisle SD 1.350 1.143 0.965 0.651 1.525 1.000
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
29
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E1534 Castle Point SD 0.813 0.757 0.945 0.912 0.295 0.911
E2432 Charnwood SD 1.225 0.904 0.960 0.814 1.437 0.991
E1535 Chelmsford SD 1.236 0.904 0.994 1.249 0.432 0.987
E1631 Cheltenham SD 0.879 0.707 1.002 1.030 0.840 0.979
E3131 Cherwell SD 0.998 1.156 1.055 1.054 1.177 1.051
E1033 Chesterfield SD 1.113 0.771 0.970 0.825 1.187 0.975
E3833 Chichester SD 1.010 1.465 0.983 1.139 0.925 1.016
E0432 Chiltern SD 0.826 0.993 1.042 1.081 0.506 0.997
E2334 Chorley SD 1.159 0.891 0.905 0.648 0.943 0.920
E1232 Christchurch SD 0.627 0.845 0.995 1.132 0.781 0.977
E1536 Colchester SD 1.487 0.948 0.988 0.973 0.913 0.999
E0934 Copeland SD 1.390 1.412 1.110 0.580 1.233 1.077
E2831 Corby SD 0.815 0.823 0.981 0.738 1.582 0.990
E1632 Cotswold SD 1.086 1.901 0.987 0.991 1.096 1.038
E2731 Craven SD 1.252 1.793 0.921 0.769 1.444 1.002
E3834 Crawley SD 1.020 0.696 1.091 1.346 0.758 1.049
E1932 Dacorum SD 0.826 0.874 1.055 1.223 0.751 1.022
E2233 Dartford SD 0.968 0.808 1.048 1.420 0.400 1.015
E2832 Daventry SD 1.446 1.430 1.021 0.813 1.505 1.058
E1035 Derbyshire Dales SD 1.173 1.869 0.917 0.848 1.440 1.005
E2234 Dover SD 1.041 1.121 0.972 0.809 1.366 0.997
E0532 East Cambridgeshire SD 1.401 1.378 1.001 0.968 1.551 1.056
E1131 East Devon SD 0.937 1.395 0.922 0.855 1.464 0.985
E1233 East Dorset SD 0.826 1.137 0.989 1.045 0.750 0.984
E1732 East Hampshire SD 0.955 1.166 1.006 1.051 0.797 1.002
E1933 East Hertfordshire SD 0.947 1.139 1.003 1.167 0.859 1.010
E2532 East Lindsey SD 1.367 1.840 0.921 0.582 1.582 1.001
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
30
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E2833 East Northamptonshire SD 1.114 1.224 0.932 0.715 1.558 0.984
E3432 East Staffordshire SD 1.211 1.027 0.997 0.833 1.377 1.014
E1432 Eastbourne SD 0.901 0.679 0.980 0.954 1.372 0.989
E1733 Eastleigh SD 0.892 0.821 1.032 1.105 0.226 0.973
E0935 Eden SD 1.670 2.754 0.957 0.621 1.766 1.082
E3631 Elmbridge SD 0.598 0.900 1.094 1.420 0.323 1.028
E1537 Epping Forest SD 0.902 0.990 1.079 1.216 0.490 1.029
E3632 Epsom & Ewell SD 0.826 0.812 1.010 1.436 0.316 0.987
E1036 Erewash SD 0.972 0.805 0.925 0.653 1.477 0.951
E1132 Exeter SD 0.931 0.840 0.977 1.076 1.226 0.996
E1734 Fareham SD 1.252 0.771 1.046 1.056 0.494 1.001
E0533 Fenland SD 0.729 1.111 0.933 0.728 1.695 0.977
E2240 Folkestone and Hythe District Council SD 1.264 1.062 0.947 0.801 1.172 0.976
E3532 Forest Heath SD 1.124 1.305 0.982 0.839 1.494 1.021
E1633 Forest of Dean SD 0.938 1.583 0.913 0.634 0.843 0.939
E2335 Fylde SD 0.697 0.911 1.022 0.713 1.306 0.995
E3034 Gedling SD 0.702 0.857 0.969 0.765 1.565 0.982
E1634 Gloucester SD 1.369 0.758 0.981 0.801 0.722 0.962
E1735 Gosport SD 0.831 0.692 0.930 0.881 0.690 0.920
E2236 Gravesham SD 1.010 0.789 0.991 0.917 0.590 0.959
E2633 Great Yarmouth SD 1.008 0.877 0.978 0.617 1.282 0.971
E3633 Guildford SD 1.287 1.195 1.099 1.549 0.677 1.095
E2732 Hambleton SD 0.920 1.691 0.946 0.776 1.505 1.006
E2433 Harborough SD 1.132 1.264 1.012 0.901 1.537 1.044
E1538 Harlow SD 1.020 0.762 1.047 1.115 0.699 1.008
E2753 Harrogate SD 1.158 1.266 0.954 0.941 1.499 1.012
E1736 Hart SD 0.862 0.964 1.090 1.189 0.746 1.044
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
31
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E1433 Hastings SD 0.780 0.697 0.955 0.724 1.359 0.956
E1737 Havant SD 0.589 0.784 1.022 0.954 0.689 0.971
E1934 Hertsmere SD 0.590 0.854 1.061 1.287 0.479 1.007
E1037 High Peak SD 1.145 1.079 0.932 0.752 0.907 0.947
E2434 Hinckley & Bosworth SD 1.349 0.969 0.965 0.777 1.416 0.996
E3835 Horsham SD 1.139 1.185 0.993 1.100 1.009 1.015
E0551 Huntingdonshire SD 1.147 1.215 0.959 0.963 1.526 1.016
E2336 Hyndburn SD 0.928 0.753 0.925 0.523 1.188 0.923
E3533 Ipswich SD 1.260 0.688 0.971 0.858 1.357 0.988
E2834 Kettering SD 0.872 0.914 0.956 0.715 1.564 0.979
E2634 King's Lynn & West Norfolk SD 1.524 1.544 0.956 0.735 1.657 1.029
E2337 Lancaster SD 0.950 0.928 0.934 0.615 1.556 0.962
E1435 Lewes SD 0.948 1.016 0.948 1.039 1.393 0.994
E3433 Lichfield SD 1.177 1.027 0.959 0.924 1.333 0.996
E2533 Lincoln SD 1.049 0.846 0.944 0.899 1.530 0.985
E2237 Maidstone SD 1.357 1.133 0.979 1.066 0.726 0.995
E1539 Maldon SD 1.715 1.377 1.031 0.860 0.581 1.025
E1851 Malvern Hills SD 1.241 1.497 0.943 0.759 1.247 0.991
E3035 Mansfield SD 1.140 0.808 0.928 0.675 1.361 0.953
E2436 Melton SD 1.142 1.468 0.949 0.753 1.579 1.008
E3331 Mendip SD 0.865 1.329 0.969 0.868 1.114 0.989
E1133 Mid Devon SD 1.157 1.736 0.955 0.714 1.261 1.003
E3534 Mid Suffolk SD 1.731 1.758 0.876 0.742 1.447 0.985
E3836 Mid Sussex SD 0.803 1.013 1.006 1.118 0.952 1.004
E3634 Mole Valley SD 0.925 1.185 1.097 1.316 0.570 1.059
E1738 New Forest SD 0.810 1.072 0.996 1.001 0.607 0.974
E3036 Newark & Sherwood SD 1.194 1.218 0.894 0.724 1.509 0.963
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
32
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E3434 Newcastle-under-Lyme SD 1.127 0.872 0.970 0.725 1.106 0.968
E1134 North Devon SD 1.255 1.707 0.957 0.752 1.673 1.031
E1234 North Dorset SD 1.217 1.730 0.971 0.809 1.257 1.021
E1038 North East Derbyshire SD 0.925 1.076 0.907 0.712 1.156 0.938
E1935 North Hertfordshire SD 0.875 0.973 0.998 1.064 1.095 1.003
E2534 North Kesteven SD 1.866 1.523 0.930 0.762 1.586 1.021
E2635 North Norfolk SD 1.206 1.831 0.922 0.750 1.358 0.997
E3731 North Warwickshire SD 1.138 1.248 1.079 0.896 1.310 1.069
E2437 North West Leicestershire SD 1.120 1.108 0.964 0.804 1.346 0.992
E2835 Northampton SD 0.896 0.721 1.013 0.814 1.511 1.006
E2636 Norwich SD 1.200 0.753 0.934 1.018 1.446 0.984
E3732 Nuneaton & Bedworth SD 1.025 0.786 0.946 0.812 1.351 0.968
E2438 Oadby & Wigston SD 0.608 0.791 0.985 0.813 1.512 0.985
E3132 Oxford SD 0.604 0.858 1.104 1.661 0.973 1.083
E2338 Pendle SD 0.579 0.773 0.985 0.485 1.285 0.949
E2339 Preston SD 1.412 0.837 0.984 0.698 1.094 0.980
E1236 Purbeck SD 1.067 1.422 0.897 0.880 1.228 0.964
E1835 Redditch SD 0.933 0.774 0.978 0.910 1.285 0.985
E3635 Reigate & Banstead SD 0.796 0.925 1.061 1.263 0.474 1.015
E2340 Ribble Valley SD 1.350 1.333 1.009 0.652 1.241 1.019
E2734 Richmondshire SD 1.451 2.351 0.965 0.725 1.519 1.058
E1540 Rochford SD 1.012 0.911 0.930 0.978 0.219 0.915
E2341 Rossendale SD 0.687 0.940 0.927 0.508 1.072 0.918
E1436 Rother SD 1.061 1.277 0.938 0.806 1.275 0.979
E3733 Rugby SD 1.159 0.934 1.060 0.875 1.480 1.052
E3636 Runnymede SD 0.717 0.944 1.166 1.425 0.409 1.078
E3038 Rushcliffe SD 1.253 1.113 0.935 0.790 1.519 0.988
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
33
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E1740 Rushmoor SD 0.743 0.719 1.123 1.080 0.705 1.037
E2755 Ryedale SD 1.204 2.009 0.922 0.761 1.626 1.018
E2736 Scarborough SD 1.177 1.110 0.921 0.805 1.728 0.990
E3332 Sedgemoor SD 1.231 1.318 0.930 0.800 0.758 0.954
E2757 Selby SD 1.255 1.424 0.978 0.747 1.419 1.017
E2239 Sevenoaks SD 1.018 1.205 1.027 1.147 0.443 1.005
E0434 South Bucks SD 0.837 1.134 1.097 1.279 0.300 1.037
E0536 South Cambridgeshire SD 2.038 1.548 1.096 1.172 1.295 1.142
E1039 South Derbyshire SD 1.477 1.075 0.970 0.783 1.395 1.006
E1136 South Hams SD 1.166 1.959 0.896 0.972 1.058 0.984
E2535 South Holland SD 1.187 1.324 0.940 0.674 1.691 0.999
E2536 South Kesteven SD 0.962 1.146 0.927 0.844 1.638 0.987
E0936 South Lakeland SD 1.496 1.968 0.958 0.818 1.758 1.059
E2637 South Norfolk SD 1.502 1.631 0.972 0.793 1.429 1.034
E2836 South Northamptonshire SD 1.262 1.465 0.986 0.827 1.402 1.029
E3133 South Oxfordshire SD 0.953 1.330 0.986 1.120 0.899 1.008
E2342 South Ribble SD 0.956 0.873 0.963 0.737 1.052 0.958
E3334 South Somerset SD 1.170 1.381 0.942 0.781 1.327 0.990
E3435 South Staffordshire SD 1.097 1.021 0.974 0.785 1.312 0.991
E3637 Spelthorne SD 0.795 0.873 1.123 1.284 0.230 1.035
E1936 St Albans SD 0.888 0.920 1.018 1.468 0.765 1.024
E3535 St Edmundsbury SD 1.185 1.318 0.966 0.885 1.477 1.017
E3436 Stafford SD 1.203 1.151 0.967 0.838 1.345 1.001
E3437 Staffordshire Moorlands SD 0.968 1.308 0.901 0.660 1.218 0.943
E1937 Stevenage SD 0.850 0.716 1.044 1.158 0.964 1.016
E3734 Stratford-on-Avon SD 1.351 1.565 1.040 0.989 1.440 1.081
E1635 Stroud SD 1.143 1.219 0.958 0.752 0.645 0.954
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
34
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E3536 Suffolk Coastal SD 1.470 1.429 1.000 0.740 1.370 1.034
E3638 Surrey Heath SD 1.103 0.956 1.027 1.192 0.586 1.008
E2241 Swale SD 1.079 1.019 0.953 0.885 1.058 0.972
E3439 Tamworth SD 0.962 0.818 0.975 0.983 1.323 0.993
E3639 Tandridge SD 0.959 1.133 1.025 1.130 0.506 1.002
E3333 Taunton Deane SD 1.077 1.210 0.872 0.902 0.994 0.932
E1137 Teignbridge SD 1.388 1.392 0.915 0.858 1.287 0.984
E1542 Tendring SD 1.194 1.010 0.921 0.728 1.206 0.954
E1742 Test Valley SD 1.171 1.199 0.970 1.032 0.548 0.975
E1636 Tewkesbury SD 1.524 1.195 1.072 0.929 0.885 1.055
E2242 Thanet SD 0.693 0.740 0.958 0.739 1.456 0.963
E1938 Three Rivers SD 1.079 0.857 1.113 1.348 0.433 1.053
E2243 Tonbridge & Malling SD 1.105 1.076 1.007 1.167 0.572 1.000
E1139 Torridge SD 1.230 1.999 0.924 0.639 1.596 1.010
E2244 Tunbridge Wells SD 1.224 1.098 0.958 1.188 0.820 0.991
E1544 Uttlesford SD 1.178 1.546 1.044 1.065 0.908 1.054
E3134 Vale of White Horse SD 0.986 1.219 1.091 1.036 1.164 1.071
E3735 Warwick SD 0.914 0.857 1.053 1.068 1.428 1.048
E1939 Watford SD 0.971 0.840 0.971 1.330 0.492 0.973
E3537 Waveney SD 0.982 1.055 0.930 0.670 1.376 0.960
E3640 Waverley SD 0.938 1.234 1.027 1.334 0.890 1.041
E1437 Wealden SD 0.960 1.257 0.931 0.942 1.222 0.979
E2837 Wellingborough SD 0.941 0.911 0.982 0.738 1.517 0.993
E1940 Welwyn Hatfield SD 0.711 0.765 1.096 1.228 0.726 1.035
E1140 West Devon SD 1.336 2.109 0.899 0.811 1.097 0.988
E1237 West Dorset SD 1.061 1.629 0.960 0.894 1.467 1.022
E2343 West Lancashire SD 1.109 0.969 0.995 0.698 1.018 0.979
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
35
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E2537 West Lindsey SD 1.378 1.617 0.926 0.598 1.482 0.992
E3135 West Oxfordshire SD 0.893 1.353 0.954 1.069 1.330 1.008
E3335 West Somerset SD 1.968 2.182 1.004 0.709 1.455 1.088
E1238 Weymouth & Portland SD 1.207 0.919 0.831 0.852 1.553 0.928
E1743 Winchester SD 1.175 1.288 1.011 1.206 0.415 1.007
E3641 Woking SD 0.763 0.850 1.161 1.274 0.541 1.069
E1837 Worcester SD 1.084 0.797 0.971 0.903 1.199 0.982
E3837 Worthing SD 0.631 0.641 0.972 1.012 1.354 0.979
E1838 Wychavon SD 0.982 1.327 0.930 0.841 1.208 0.974
E0435 Wycombe SD 1.109 1.036 1.080 1.147 0.510 1.034
E2344 Wyre SD 0.898 0.924 0.921 0.662 1.417 0.949
E1839 Wyre Forest SD 0.774 0.929 0.892 0.731 1.328 0.930
E0101 Bath & North East Somerset UA 1.312 1.111 0.979 1.233 0.856 1.011
E0202 Bedford UA 1.459 1.037 0.999 0.922 1.430 1.032
E2301 Blackburn with Darwen UA 0.981 0.748 0.933 0.578 1.088 0.928
E2302 Blackpool UA 0.792 0.573 0.937 0.621 1.340 0.934
E1202 Bournemouth UA 0.654 0.638 0.979 0.999 0.846 0.956
E0301 Bracknell Forest UA 0.937 0.840 1.147 1.267 0.675 1.073
E1401 Brighton & Hove UA 0.959 0.674 0.994 1.412 1.222 1.023
E0102 Bristol UA 0.852 0.687 1.015 1.029 0.444 0.963
E0203 Central Bedfordshire UA 0.914 1.039 1.022 0.941 1.157 1.015
E0603 Cheshire East UA 0.945 1.042 0.990 0.857 0.827 0.975
E0604 Cheshire West & Chester UA 1.054 1.053 1.002 0.870 0.910 0.991
E0801 Cornwall UA 1.189 1.604 0.910 0.874 1.674 1.006
E1301 Darlington UA 1.042 0.794 0.907 0.631 1.308 0.932
E1001 Derby UA 1.424 0.738 1.052 0.799 1.481 1.042
E1302 Durham UA 1.105 1.033 0.965 0.557 1.121 0.961
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
36
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E2001 East Riding of Yorkshire UA 1.132 1.236 0.934 0.641 1.550 0.981
E0601 Halton UA 0.715 0.803 1.019 0.717 0.779 0.962
E0701 Hartlepool UA 1.071 0.762 0.957 0.551 0.987 0.936
E1801 Herefordshire UA 1.394 1.725 0.934 0.708 1.435 1.006
E2101 Isle of Wight UA 1.176 1.196 0.951 0.762 2.197 1.032
E2002 Kingston-upon-Hull UA 0.960 0.776 0.957 0.590 1.525 0.965
E2401 Leicester UA 0.909 0.644 0.945 0.829 1.487 0.967
E0201 Luton UA 0.858 0.701 1.099 1.016 0.950 1.035
E2201 Medway UA 1.018 0.779 0.968 0.964 0.792 0.961
E0702 Middlesbrough UA 0.822 0.751 0.974 0.630 1.195 0.955
E0401 Milton Keynes UA 0.893 0.880 1.103 1.085 1.398 1.075
E2003 North East Lincolnshire UA 1.004 0.749 0.910 0.637 1.539 0.944
E2004 North Lincolnshire UA 0.925 1.107 0.964 0.584 1.385 0.974
E0104 North Somerset UA 0.985 0.982 0.966 0.901 0.501 0.947
E2901 Northumberland UA 1.233 1.484 0.950 0.698 1.267 0.991
E3001 Nottingham UA 1.065 0.715 0.985 0.831 1.496 0.996
E0501 Peterborough UA 0.907 0.903 0.995 0.964 1.582 1.019
E1101 Plymouth UA 0.992 0.796 0.951 0.979 0.836 0.954
E1201 Poole UA 0.744 0.810 1.001 1.126 0.974 0.993
E1701 Portsmouth UA 0.624 0.625 1.017 0.953 0.633 0.959
E0303 Reading UA 1.160 0.777 1.082 1.334 0.905 1.059
E0703 Redcar & Cleveland UA 1.300 0.841 0.942 0.536 1.333 0.955
E2402 Rutland UA 0.928 1.734 0.936 0.790 1.601 1.008
E3202 Shropshire UA 1.295 1.617 0.927 0.785 1.421 0.999
E0304 Slough UA 1.044 0.792 1.075 1.437 0.349 1.030
E0103 South Gloucestershire UA 1.118 0.877 1.041 1.071 0.412 0.995
E1702 Southampton UA 0.689 0.631 0.993 1.010 0.319 0.936
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
37
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E1501 Southend-on-Sea UA 0.778 0.672 0.962 0.881 0.364 0.918
E0704 Stockton-on-Tees UA 0.948 0.792 0.952 0.615 1.123 0.943
E3401 Stoke-on-Trent UA 0.869 0.734 0.943 0.663 1.219 0.942
E3901 Swindon UA 0.894 0.832 1.022 0.966 0.937 0.996
E3201 Telford & Wrekin UA 0.853 0.880 0.967 0.826 1.354 0.979
E1502 Thurrock UA 1.108 0.791 1.023 1.225 0.507 0.997
E1102 Torbay UA 0.674 0.763 0.925 0.796 1.297 0.941
E0602 Warrington UA 1.190 0.804 0.998 0.860 0.596 0.965
E0302 West Berkshire UA 1.123 1.187 1.071 1.117 0.944 1.057
E3902 Wiltshire UA 1.093 1.348 0.954 0.881 0.918 0.979
E0305 Windsor & Maidenhead UA 0.971 0.967 1.163 1.547 0.540 1.102
E0306 Wokingham UA 1.000 0.943 1.144 1.396 0.764 1.093
E2701 York UA 0.997 0.879 0.966 1.199 1.505 1.017
E6201 East London Waste WASTE
0.704 0.654 1.039 1.387 0.196 0.982
E6202 Greater Manchester Waste WASTE
0.807 0.723 0.986 0.818 0.565 0.939
E6204 Merseyside Waste WASTE
0.771 0.700 0.982 0.747 1.028 0.955
E6205 North London Waste WASTE
0.620 0.651 1.105 1.949 0.176 1.053
E6207 West London Waste WASTE
0.743 0.731 1.106 1.576 0.215 1.037
E6206 Western Riverside Waste WASTE
0.700 0.616 1.167 2.253 0.158 1.107
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
38
Upper Tier Authorities – ALTERNATIVE EXAMPLE WEIGHTS
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Adult Social Care ACA
Children’s Services ACA
Foundation Formula – Upper Tier ACA
Highways Maintenance ACA
E5030 Barking & Dagenham LB 0.847 0.755 1.050 1.102 0.227 0.914 0.943 0.952 0.948
E5031 Barnet LB 0.548 0.787 1.060 1.617 0.278 0.931 0.958 0.999 0.997
E5032 Bexley LB 0.692 0.759 1.020 0.967 0.256 0.894 0.921 0.927 0.924
E5033 Brent LB 0.803 0.792 1.036 1.459 0.222 0.911 0.938 0.973 0.971
E5034 Bromley LB 0.824 0.837 1.031 1.267 0.238 0.908 0.935 0.958 0.955
E5011 Camden LB 0.698 0.747 1.207 2.969 0.141 1.027 1.066 1.165 1.165
E5010 City of London LB 1.596 1.202 1.474 3.232 0.152 1.233 1.299 1.349 1.337
E5035 Croydon LB 0.887 0.767 1.049 1.233 0.225 0.916 0.945 0.963 0.959
E5036 Ealing LB 0.796 0.818 1.055 1.427 0.275 0.930 0.957 0.985 0.983
E5037 Enfield LB 0.754 0.768 1.026 1.321 0.264 0.907 0.932 0.960 0.958
E5012 Greenwich LB 0.849 0.815 1.072 1.111 0.192 0.924 0.957 0.962 0.956
E5013 Hackney LB 0.654 0.691 1.101 1.901 0.170 0.946 0.978 1.031 1.029
E5014 Hammersmith & Fulham LB 0.616 0.681 1.171 2.176 0.136 0.987 1.026 1.082 1.079
E5038 Haringey LB 0.571 0.706 1.033 1.522 0.159 0.895 0.923 0.966 0.964
E5039 Harrow LB 0.563 0.745 1.021 1.331 0.205 0.892 0.918 0.950 0.948
E5040 Havering LB 0.967 0.854 1.041 1.189 0.313 0.927 0.953 0.967 0.963
E5041 Hillingdon LB 0.825 0.935 1.139 1.427 0.275 0.985 1.020 1.029 1.024
E5042 Hounslow LB 1.080 0.892 1.179 1.469 0.243 1.009 1.050 1.053 1.045
E5015 Islington LB 0.635 0.695 1.240 2.269 0.154 1.034 1.078 1.125 1.121
E5016 Kensington & Chelsea LB 1.117 0.722 1.174 3.753 0.175 1.033 1.065 1.221 1.225
E5043 Kingston-upon-Thames LB 0.869 0.829 1.073 1.439 0.219 0.935 0.966 0.991 0.987
E5017 Lambeth LB 0.749 0.709 1.178 1.680 0.192 0.994 1.034 1.055 1.049
E5018 Lewisham LB 0.821 0.739 1.083 1.169 0.201 0.930 0.964 0.970 0.965
E5044 Merton LB 0.715 0.797 1.064 1.360 0.204 0.922 0.953 0.976 0.973
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
39
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Adult Social Care ACA
Children’s Services ACA
Foundation Formula – Upper Tier ACA
Highways Maintenance ACA
E5045 Newham LB 0.615 0.721 1.054 1.442 0.164 0.908 0.938 0.971 0.968
E5046 Redbridge LB 0.670 0.702 0.950 1.294 0.207 0.849 0.869 0.913 0.913
E5047 Richmond-upon-Thames LB 0.642 0.874 1.115 1.670 0.218 0.961 0.995 1.027 1.024
E5019 Southwark LB 0.868 0.734 1.205 1.789 0.210 1.018 1.060 1.081 1.075
E5048 Sutton LB 0.711 0.756 1.012 1.076 0.177 0.881 0.908 0.925 0.922
E5020 Tower Hamlets LB 0.894 0.728 1.336 1.983 0.177 1.098 1.151 1.157 1.148
E5049 Waltham Forest LB 0.817 0.826 1.001 1.319 0.168 0.880 0.907 0.941 0.938
E5021 Wandsworth LB 0.650 0.720 1.094 1.616 0.189 0.940 0.972 1.007 1.004
E5022 Westminster LB 0.978 0.698 1.306 4.379 0.170 1.122 1.163 1.332 1.335
E4401 Barnsley MD 1.230 0.966 0.961 0.601 1.521 1.047 1.027 1.001 1.003
E4601 Birmingham MD 0.840 0.761 1.005 0.863 1.376 1.047 1.034 1.021 1.023
E4201 Bolton MD 1.173 0.844 0.944 0.670 0.806 0.931 0.934 0.927 0.926
E4701 Bradford MD 1.257 0.864 0.946 0.635 1.497 1.033 1.012 0.993 0.995
E4202 Bury MD 0.981 0.865 0.961 0.750 0.852 0.947 0.949 0.944 0.944
E4702 Calderdale MD 1.187 1.089 0.930 0.600 1.437 1.018 0.998 0.980 0.982
E4602 Coventry MD 1.266 0.728 1.020 0.774 1.518 1.082 1.066 1.040 1.042
E4402 Doncaster MD 1.152 0.967 0.933 0.604 1.531 1.030 1.007 0.988 0.991
E4603 Dudley MD 0.749 0.817 0.918 0.661 1.428 0.998 0.976 0.967 0.972
E4501 Gateshead MD 1.062 0.931 0.933 0.736 1.104 0.968 0.960 0.956 0.957
E4703 Kirklees MD 1.123 0.964 0.899 0.605 1.458 0.998 0.974 0.964 0.967
E4301 Knowsley MD 0.854 0.856 1.031 0.646 0.981 1.005 1.009 0.981 0.979
E4704 Leeds MD 0.927 0.874 0.987 0.913 1.485 1.057 1.039 1.030 1.033
E4302 Liverpool MD 0.782 0.785 0.998 0.741 1.122 1.004 0.999 0.983 0.984
E4203 Manchester MD 0.738 0.730 1.023 0.985 0.454 0.925 0.945 0.950 0.947
E4502 Newcastle-upon-Tyne MD 0.848 0.818 1.005 0.863 1.104 1.009 1.006 0.996 0.997
E4503 North Tyneside MD 0.896 0.888 0.963 0.665 1.129 0.986 0.979 0.964 0.965
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
40
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Adult Social Care ACA
Children’s Services ACA
Foundation Formula – Upper Tier ACA
Highways Maintenance ACA
E4204 Oldham MD 0.639 0.789 0.904 0.621 0.866 0.905 0.901 0.902 0.903
E4205 Rochdale MD 0.932 0.865 0.945 0.638 0.926 0.945 0.944 0.934 0.934
E4403 Rotherham MD 0.949 0.868 0.951 0.593 1.585 1.043 1.020 0.997 1.000
E4206 Salford MD 0.993 0.847 0.988 0.738 0.452 0.905 0.924 0.918 0.915
E4604 Sandwell MD 0.935 0.781 0.928 0.645 1.444 1.008 0.987 0.974 0.978
E4304 Sefton MD 0.810 0.788 0.926 0.679 1.351 0.992 0.974 0.966 0.969
E4404 Sheffield MD 0.860 0.835 0.975 0.738 1.590 1.059 1.037 1.018 1.022
E4605 Solihull MD 0.863 0.933 1.081 1.030 1.406 1.105 1.098 1.078 1.078
E4504 South Tyneside MD 1.168 0.895 0.906 0.566 1.080 0.946 0.937 0.927 0.928
E4303 St Helens MD 1.074 0.909 0.934 0.671 0.860 0.932 0.932 0.927 0.927
E4207 Stockport MD 0.816 0.900 0.972 0.716 0.472 0.897 0.913 0.909 0.907
E4505 Sunderland MD 1.106 0.849 0.972 0.656 1.124 0.993 0.987 0.970 0.970
E4208 Tameside MD 0.824 0.847 0.944 0.619 0.716 0.912 0.917 0.910 0.909
E4209 Trafford MD 0.780 0.801 0.996 0.869 0.227 0.876 0.902 0.908 0.904
E4705 Wakefield MD 1.031 0.990 0.970 0.726 1.482 1.046 1.028 1.010 1.012
E4606 Walsall MD 0.873 0.825 0.937 0.664 1.446 1.013 0.993 0.980 0.983
E4210 Wigan MD 0.886 0.922 0.961 0.676 0.853 0.946 0.948 0.938 0.938
E4305 Wirral MD 0.757 0.773 0.940 0.647 1.304 0.992 0.977 0.964 0.967
E4607 Wolverhampton MD 0.983 0.807 0.946 0.671 1.463 1.023 1.003 0.988 0.991
E0421 Buckinghamshire SC 1.088 1.249 1.046 1.007 0.748 1.000 1.014 1.006 1.002
E0521 Cambridgeshire SC 1.359 1.458 1.006 1.040 1.645 1.114 1.094 1.082 1.084
E0920 Cumbria SC 1.370 1.825 0.970 0.605 1.724 1.102 1.079 1.043 1.044
E1021 Derbyshire SC 1.144 1.215 0.936 0.676 1.442 1.025 1.006 0.991 0.993
E1121 Devon SC 1.233 1.772 0.918 0.789 1.514 1.039 1.017 1.008 1.010
E1221 Dorset SC 1.083 1.517 0.930 0.859 1.340 1.015 0.999 0.997 0.999
E1421 East Sussex SC 1.001 1.167 0.934 0.833 1.483 1.029 1.007 1.003 1.006
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
41
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Adult Social Care ACA
Children’s Services ACA
Foundation Formula – Upper Tier ACA
Highways Maintenance ACA
E1521 Essex SC 1.178 1.137 0.978 0.966 0.709 0.950 0.959 0.964 0.962
E1620 Gloucestershire SC 1.242 1.347 0.970 0.790 0.927 0.978 0.980 0.971 0.969
E1721 Hampshire SC 1.041 1.127 1.011 0.979 0.676 0.963 0.976 0.976 0.973
E1920 Hertfordshire SC 0.907 1.013 1.021 1.148 0.831 0.990 0.997 1.005 1.004
E2221 Kent SC 1.180 1.176 0.966 0.938 1.038 0.990 0.987 0.988 0.988
E2321 Lancashire SC 1.073 1.026 0.944 0.585 1.360 1.012 0.996 0.975 0.977
E2421 Leicestershire SC 1.244 1.173 0.959 0.760 1.641 1.070 1.046 1.028 1.031
E2520 Lincolnshire SC 1.372 1.582 0.915 0.668 1.807 1.075 1.043 1.024 1.027
E2620 Norfolk SC 1.462 1.557 0.928 0.730 1.645 1.062 1.037 1.021 1.023
E2721 North Yorkshire SC 1.263 1.766 0.930 0.751 1.734 1.078 1.050 1.033 1.036
E2820 Northamptonshire SC 1.097 1.163 0.971 0.715 1.712 1.085 1.059 1.035 1.038
E3021 Nottinghamshire SC 1.088 1.124 0.936 0.656 1.601 1.045 1.020 1.002 1.005
E3120 Oxfordshire SC 0.943 1.344 1.026 1.111 1.237 1.059 1.054 1.050 1.050
E3320 Somerset SC 1.234 1.578 0.919 0.760 1.237 0.995 0.983 0.977 0.978
E3421 Staffordshire SC 1.144 1.154 0.947 0.746 1.463 1.035 1.016 1.003 1.005
E3520 Suffolk SC 1.409 1.466 0.937 0.725 1.570 1.054 1.032 1.015 1.017
E3620 Surrey SC 0.951 1.161 1.064 1.236 0.580 0.986 1.006 1.013 1.009
E3720 Warwickshire SC 1.187 1.216 1.014 0.864 1.591 1.099 1.082 1.059 1.061
E3820 West Sussex SC 0.987 1.113 0.973 1.008 1.172 1.011 1.003 1.006 1.008
E1821 Worcestershire SC 1.042 1.213 0.936 0.770 1.415 1.021 1.002 0.994 0.997
E0101 Bath & North East Somerset
UA 1.406 1.279 0.964 1.137 0.966 0.988 0.987 1.001 1.001
E0202 Bedford UA 1.563 1.194 0.983 0.850 1.613 1.089 1.068 1.050 1.051
E2301 Blackburn with Darwen UA 1.051 0.861 0.918 0.533 1.228 0.972 0.959 0.943 0.945
E2302 Blackpool UA 0.849 0.659 0.922 0.573 1.512 1.009 0.985 0.969 0.973
E1202 Bournemouth UA 0.701 0.735 0.964 0.922 0.954 0.959 0.957 0.963 0.965
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
42
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Adult Social Care ACA
Children’s Services ACA
Foundation Formula – Upper Tier ACA
Highways Maintenance ACA
E0301 Bracknell Forest UA 1.004 0.967 1.129 1.169 0.762 1.048 1.067 1.054 1.050
E1401 Brighton & Hove UA 1.028 0.776 0.978 1.302 1.379 1.042 1.025 1.046 1.050
E0102 Bristol UA 0.913 0.791 0.999 0.949 0.502 0.921 0.938 0.943 0.941
E0203 Central Bedfordshire UA 0.980 1.196 1.005 0.868 1.306 1.049 1.040 1.025 1.025
E0603 Cheshire East UA 1.012 1.199 0.974 0.791 0.934 0.975 0.977 0.968 0.967
E0604 Cheshire West & Chester UA 1.129 1.212 0.986 0.803 1.027 0.999 0.998 0.986 0.985
E0801 Cornwall UA 1.274 1.846 0.896 0.807 1.889 1.081 1.044 1.036 1.040
E1301 Darlington UA 1.116 0.914 0.893 0.582 1.476 0.995 0.970 0.960 0.963
E1001 Derby UA 1.526 0.850 1.035 0.738 1.672 1.120 1.102 1.066 1.067
E1302 Durham UA 1.184 1.189 0.950 0.514 1.265 1.005 0.995 0.968 0.968
E2001 East Riding of Yorkshire UA 1.213 1.423 0.919 0.591 1.749 1.062 1.032 1.009 1.013
E0601 Halton UA 0.766 0.924 1.003 0.662 0.879 0.973 0.978 0.958 0.957
E0701 Hartlepool UA 1.148 0.877 0.941 0.508 1.114 0.971 0.964 0.943 0.943
E1801 Herefordshire UA 1.493 1.986 0.919 0.653 1.619 1.061 1.037 1.015 1.016
E2101 Isle of Wight UA 1.260 1.377 0.936 0.703 2.480 1.180 1.126 1.096 1.103
E2002 Kingston-upon-Hull UA 1.029 0.894 0.942 0.545 1.721 1.058 1.030 1.003 1.006
E2401 Leicester UA 0.974 0.742 0.930 0.765 1.678 1.044 1.015 1.007 1.012
E0201 Luton UA 0.920 0.807 1.081 0.937 1.072 1.054 1.059 1.037 1.036
E2201 Medway UA 1.091 0.896 0.953 0.889 0.894 0.953 0.953 0.958 0.958
E0702 Middlesbrough UA 0.881 0.865 0.958 0.581 1.348 1.012 0.998 0.976 0.977
E0401 Milton Keynes UA 0.957 1.012 1.085 1.001 1.578 1.136 1.124 1.097 1.098
E2003 North East Lincolnshire UA 1.076 0.863 0.896 0.588 1.737 1.033 0.999 0.985 0.991
E2004 North Lincolnshire UA 0.991 1.274 0.949 0.539 1.563 1.047 1.026 0.997 0.999
E0104 North Somerset UA 1.055 1.131 0.950 0.832 0.566 0.907 0.919 0.924 0.922
E2901 Northumberland UA 1.321 1.708 0.935 0.644 1.429 1.035 1.018 0.997 0.998
E3001 Nottingham UA 1.141 0.823 0.970 0.767 1.689 1.075 1.049 1.031 1.035
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
43
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Adult Social Care ACA
Children’s Services ACA
Foundation Formula – Upper Tier ACA
Highways Maintenance ACA
E0501 Peterborough UA 0.972 1.039 0.979 0.889 1.785 1.099 1.070 1.056 1.061
E1101 Plymouth UA 1.063 0.916 0.935 0.904 0.943 0.950 0.946 0.955 0.956
E1201 Poole UA 0.797 0.933 0.985 1.039 1.099 1.001 0.996 1.001 1.003
E1701 Portsmouth UA 0.669 0.720 1.000 0.880 0.714 0.946 0.955 0.954 0.953
E0303 Reading UA 1.243 0.895 1.065 1.231 1.021 1.050 1.054 1.054 1.053
E0703 Redcar & Cleveland UA 1.393 0.968 0.927 0.495 1.504 1.024 1.003 0.977 0.979
E2402 Rutland UA 0.994 1.995 0.922 0.729 1.806 1.083 1.051 1.034 1.037
E3202 Shropshire UA 1.387 1.861 0.912 0.725 1.604 1.051 1.026 1.012 1.014
E0304 Slough UA 1.119 0.911 1.058 1.326 0.394 0.955 0.980 0.997 0.993
E0103 South Gloucestershire UA 1.197 1.010 1.025 0.988 0.465 0.942 0.963 0.964 0.959
E1702 Southampton UA 0.739 0.726 0.977 0.932 0.360 0.883 0.902 0.914 0.912
E1501 Southend-on-Sea UA 0.834 0.774 0.947 0.813 0.411 0.872 0.887 0.897 0.895
E0704 Stockton-on-Tees UA 1.016 0.911 0.937 0.568 1.268 0.991 0.977 0.959 0.961
E3401 Stoke-on-Trent UA 0.931 0.845 0.928 0.612 1.376 0.998 0.980 0.966 0.969
E3901 Swindon UA 0.957 0.957 1.005 0.891 1.057 1.008 1.007 0.998 0.998
E3201 Telford & Wrekin UA 0.914 1.013 0.951 0.762 1.528 1.041 1.019 1.007 1.010
E1502 Thurrock UA 1.188 0.910 1.007 1.130 0.572 0.947 0.962 0.974 0.972
E1102 Torbay UA 0.723 0.878 0.910 0.734 1.463 1.000 0.976 0.973 0.978
E0602 Warrington UA 1.275 0.926 0.982 0.794 0.673 0.941 0.952 0.946 0.944
E0302 West Berkshire UA 1.203 1.366 1.054 1.031 1.066 1.056 1.060 1.046 1.044
E3902 Wiltshire UA 1.171 1.552 0.939 0.813 1.036 0.978 0.974 0.971 0.970
E0305 Windsor & Maidenhead UA 1.040 1.113 1.145 1.428 0.609 1.045 1.070 1.071 1.066
E0306 Wokingham UA 1.072 1.086 1.126 1.288 0.862 1.067 1.083 1.075 1.071
E2701 York UA 1.068 1.012 0.951 1.107 1.698 1.073 1.044 1.052 1.058
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
44
Lower Tier Authorities – ALTERNATIVE EXAMPLE WEIGHTS
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E6356 Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Combined Authority
CA 1.183 1.181 1.016 1.089 1.487 1.070
E6348 Greater Manchester Combined Authority
CA 0.807 0.723 0.986 0.818 0.565 0.926
E6349 Liverpool City Region Combined Authority
CA 0.767 0.709 0.985 0.744 1.007 0.955
E6351 North East Combined Authority CA 1.028 0.947 0.970 0.704 1.066 0.967
E6350 Sheffield City Region Combined Authority
CA 0.939 0.776 0.974 0.712 1.386 0.986
E6355 Tees Valley Combined Authority CA 1.025 0.789 0.948 0.596 1.191 0.951
E6353 The West Yorkshire Combined Authority
CA 1.007 0.804 0.969 0.796 1.309 0.986
E6346 West Midlands Combined Authority CA 0.851 0.685 0.998 0.846 1.262 0.992
E6354 West of England Combined Authority CA 1.026 0.831 1.016 1.083 0.519 0.968
E5100 Greater London Authority GLA 0.718 0.669 1.114 1.769 0.187 1.025
E5030 Barking & Dagenham LB 0.790 0.656 1.067 1.194 0.201 0.962
E5031 Barnet LB 0.511 0.684 1.077 1.752 0.247 1.003
E5032 Bexley LB 0.646 0.660 1.036 1.048 0.227 0.933
E5033 Brent LB 0.750 0.688 1.053 1.581 0.197 0.982
E5034 Bromley LB 0.769 0.727 1.048 1.373 0.211 0.968
E5011 Camden LB 0.651 0.649 1.226 3.218 0.125 1.177
E5010 City of London LB 1.490 1.044 1.498 3.502 0.134 1.405
E5035 Croydon LB 0.828 0.667 1.066 1.336 0.199 0.973
E5036 Ealing LB 0.743 0.710 1.072 1.546 0.243 0.994
E5037 Enfield LB 0.704 0.667 1.043 1.432 0.234 0.967
E5012 Greenwich LB 0.793 0.708 1.089 1.204 0.171 0.975
E5013 Hackney LB 0.611 0.600 1.119 2.060 0.151 1.038
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
45
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E5014 Hammersmith & Fulham LB 0.575 0.592 1.190 2.358 0.120 1.092
E5038 Haringey LB 0.533 0.613 1.050 1.649 0.141 0.970
E5039 Harrow LB 0.526 0.648 1.038 1.443 0.182 0.954
E5040 Havering LB 0.903 0.742 1.058 1.289 0.278 0.978
E5041 Hillingdon LB 0.770 0.812 1.157 1.546 0.244 1.045
E5042 Hounslow LB 1.008 0.775 1.198 1.593 0.215 1.075
E5015 Islington LB 0.593 0.604 1.260 2.460 0.136 1.138
E5016 Kensington & Chelsea LB 1.042 0.627 1.193 4.067 0.156 1.234
E5043 Kingston-upon-Thames LB 0.811 0.720 1.090 1.559 0.194 1.003
E5017 Lambeth LB 0.699 0.616 1.197 1.821 0.171 1.068
E5018 Lewisham LB 0.766 0.642 1.100 1.267 0.178 0.982
E5044 Merton LB 0.667 0.692 1.081 1.474 0.180 0.985
E5045 Newham LB 0.574 0.626 1.071 1.563 0.146 0.977
E5046 Redbridge LB 0.625 0.610 0.966 1.402 0.183 0.915
E5047 Richmond-upon-Thames LB 0.599 0.759 1.133 1.810 0.193 1.038
E5019 Southwark LB 0.810 0.638 1.225 1.939 0.186 1.097
E5048 Sutton LB 0.663 0.657 1.029 1.166 0.157 0.932
E5020 Tower Hamlets LB 0.835 0.633 1.358 2.149 0.157 1.181
E5049 Waltham Forest LB 0.762 0.717 1.017 1.430 0.149 0.950
E5021 Wandsworth LB 0.607 0.625 1.112 1.752 0.167 1.015
E5022 Westminster LB 0.913 0.606 1.328 4.746 0.150 1.348
E4401 Barnsley MD 1.148 0.839 0.976 0.652 1.347 0.989
E4601 Birmingham MD 0.784 0.661 1.022 0.935 1.219 1.004
E4201 Bolton MD 1.094 0.733 0.959 0.726 0.714 0.926
E4701 Bradford MD 1.173 0.751 0.961 0.688 1.326 0.978
E4202 Bury MD 0.915 0.751 0.976 0.813 0.755 0.941
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
46
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E4702 Calderdale MD 1.108 0.946 0.945 0.650 1.274 0.969
E4602 Coventry MD 1.182 0.633 1.036 0.838 1.345 1.027
E4402 Doncaster MD 1.075 0.840 0.948 0.655 1.357 0.972
E4603 Dudley MD 0.699 0.710 0.933 0.717 1.265 0.945
E4501 Gateshead MD 0.991 0.809 0.948 0.797 0.978 0.947
E4703 Kirklees MD 1.048 0.838 0.914 0.656 1.292 0.947
E4301 Knowsley MD 0.797 0.744 1.048 0.700 0.869 0.977
E4704 Leeds MD 0.865 0.759 1.003 0.989 1.315 1.013
E4302 Liverpool MD 0.730 0.682 1.014 0.803 0.994 0.972
E4203 Manchester MD 0.689 0.634 1.040 1.068 0.402 0.951
E4502 Newcastle-upon-Tyne MD 0.792 0.711 1.021 0.936 0.979 0.986
E4503 North Tyneside MD 0.836 0.771 0.979 0.720 1.000 0.954
E4204 Oldham MD 0.596 0.685 0.918 0.673 0.768 0.889
E4205 Rochdale MD 0.870 0.751 0.960 0.692 0.821 0.927
E4403 Rotherham MD 0.886 0.754 0.967 0.643 1.404 0.976
E4206 Salford MD 0.927 0.736 1.004 0.800 0.400 0.925
E4604 Sandwell MD 0.873 0.678 0.943 0.699 1.279 0.954
E4304 Sefton MD 0.756 0.685 0.941 0.736 1.197 0.946
E4404 Sheffield MD 0.803 0.726 0.990 0.800 1.409 0.997
E4605 Solihull MD 0.805 0.811 1.098 1.117 1.246 1.068
E4504 South Tyneside MD 1.090 0.778 0.920 0.613 0.957 0.919
E4303 St Helens MD 1.002 0.790 0.949 0.728 0.762 0.924
E4207 Stockport MD 0.762 0.782 0.988 0.776 0.418 0.913
E4505 Sunderland MD 1.033 0.738 0.987 0.711 0.996 0.962
E4208 Tameside MD 0.769 0.736 0.959 0.671 0.635 0.906
E4209 Trafford MD 0.728 0.696 1.013 0.942 0.201 0.915
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
47
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E4705 Wakefield MD 0.962 0.860 0.986 0.787 1.313 0.996
E4606 Walsall MD 0.815 0.716 0.952 0.719 1.281 0.960
E4210 Wigan MD 0.827 0.801 0.976 0.732 0.756 0.935
E4305 Wirral MD 0.706 0.672 0.955 0.701 1.156 0.946
E4607 Wolverhampton MD 0.918 0.701 0.961 0.727 1.296 0.969
E3831 Adur SD 0.960 0.806 0.946 0.936 1.254 0.978
E0931 Allerdale SD 0.919 1.708 0.942 0.631 1.047 0.971
E1031 Amber Valley SD 0.779 1.014 1.012 0.687 1.434 1.014
E3832 Arun SD 0.889 0.837 0.932 0.965 1.127 0.961
E3031 Ashfield SD 0.809 0.811 0.981 0.666 1.334 0.980
E2231 Ashford SD 1.452 1.212 0.981 1.007 0.997 1.012
E0431 Aylesbury Vale SD 1.088 1.156 1.045 0.981 1.004 1.034
E3531 Babergh SD 1.450 1.610 0.933 0.777 1.248 1.005
E0932 Barrow-in-Furness SD 0.924 0.787 1.024 0.554 1.986 1.052
E1531 Basildon SD 0.804 0.774 1.025 1.175 0.304 0.952
E1731 Basingstoke & Deane SD 1.266 1.068 1.073 1.105 0.724 1.037
E3032 Bassetlaw SD 1.044 1.179 0.956 0.636 1.195 0.975
E2431 Blaby SD 1.230 0.869 0.993 0.881 1.463 1.028
E1032 Bolsover SD 1.071 1.042 0.956 0.636 1.145 0.966
E2531 Boston SD 1.101 1.138 0.927 0.689 1.731 1.006
E1532 Braintree SD 0.978 1.234 0.922 0.935 0.784 0.942
E2631 Breckland SD 0.996 1.531 0.898 0.745 1.547 0.990
E1533 Brentwood SD 0.852 0.914 1.052 1.291 0.477 0.997
E2632 Broadland SD 2.009 1.276 0.946 0.828 1.385 1.031
E1831 Bromsgrove SD 0.868 0.996 1.001 0.852 1.270 1.008
E1931 Broxbourne SD 0.723 0.695 1.030 1.176 0.609 0.975
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
48
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E3033 Broxtowe SD 0.984 0.837 0.996 0.721 1.447 1.008
E2333 Burnley SD 1.063 0.693 0.966 0.570 1.259 0.962
E0531 Cambridge SD 0.815 1.032 1.107 1.738 1.308 1.131
E3431 Cannock Chase SD 0.675 0.733 0.948 0.765 1.385 0.966
E2232 Canterbury SD 0.983 0.970 0.972 1.090 1.236 1.009
E0933 Carlisle SD 1.350 1.143 0.965 0.651 1.525 1.015
E1534 Castle Point SD 0.813 0.757 0.945 0.912 0.295 0.890
E2432 Charnwood SD 1.225 0.904 0.960 0.814 1.437 1.004
E1535 Chelmsford SD 1.236 0.904 0.994 1.249 0.432 0.970
E1631 Cheltenham SD 0.879 0.707 1.002 1.030 0.840 0.974
E3131 Cherwell SD 0.998 1.156 1.055 1.054 1.177 1.056
E1033 Chesterfield SD 1.113 0.771 0.970 0.825 1.187 0.980
E3833 Chichester SD 1.010 1.465 0.983 1.139 0.925 1.013
E0432 Chiltern SD 0.826 0.993 1.042 1.081 0.506 0.982
E2334 Chorley SD 1.159 0.891 0.905 0.648 0.943 0.918
E1232 Christchurch SD 0.627 0.845 0.995 1.132 0.781 0.970
E1536 Colchester SD 1.487 0.948 0.988 0.973 0.913 0.996
E0934 Copeland SD 1.390 1.412 1.110 0.580 1.233 1.083
E2831 Corby SD 0.815 0.823 0.981 0.738 1.582 1.007
E1632 Cotswold SD 1.086 1.901 0.987 0.991 1.096 1.040
E2731 Craven SD 1.252 1.793 0.921 0.769 1.444 1.015
E3834 Crawley SD 1.020 0.696 1.091 1.346 0.758 1.041
E1932 Dacorum SD 0.826 0.874 1.055 1.223 0.751 1.014
E2233 Dartford SD 0.968 0.808 1.048 1.420 0.400 0.996
E2832 Daventry SD 1.446 1.430 1.021 0.813 1.505 1.073
E1035 Derbyshire Dales SD 1.173 1.869 0.917 0.848 1.440 1.018
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
49
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E2234 Dover SD 1.041 1.121 0.972 0.809 1.366 1.008
E0532 East Cambridgeshire SD 1.401 1.378 1.001 0.968 1.551 1.072
E1131 East Devon SD 0.937 1.395 0.922 0.855 1.464 0.998
E1233 East Dorset SD 0.826 1.137 0.989 1.045 0.750 0.976
E1732 East Hampshire SD 0.955 1.166 1.006 1.051 0.797 0.995
E1933 East Hertfordshire SD 0.947 1.139 1.003 1.167 0.859 1.006
E2532 East Lindsey SD 1.367 1.840 0.921 0.582 1.582 1.018
E2833 East Northamptonshire SD 1.114 1.224 0.932 0.715 1.558 1.001
E3432 East Staffordshire SD 1.211 1.027 0.997 0.833 1.377 1.025
E1432 Eastbourne SD 0.901 0.679 0.980 0.954 1.372 1.000
E1733 Eastleigh SD 0.892 0.821 1.032 1.105 0.226 0.949
E0935 Eden SD 1.670 2.754 0.957 0.621 1.766 1.105
E3631 Elmbridge SD 0.598 0.900 1.094 1.420 0.323 1.007
E1537 Epping Forest SD 0.902 0.990 1.079 1.216 0.490 1.013
E3632 Epsom & Ewell SD 0.826 0.812 1.010 1.436 0.316 0.966
E1036 Erewash SD 0.972 0.805 0.925 0.653 1.477 0.965
E1132 Exeter SD 0.931 0.840 0.977 1.076 1.226 1.002
E1734 Fareham SD 1.252 0.771 1.046 1.056 0.494 0.985
E0533 Fenland SD 0.729 1.111 0.933 0.728 1.695 0.998
E2240 Folkestone and Hythe District Council SD 1.264 1.062 0.947 0.801 1.172 0.981
E3532 Forest Heath SD 1.124 1.305 0.982 0.839 1.494 1.036
E1633 Forest of Dean SD 0.938 1.583 0.913 0.634 0.843 0.933
E2335 Fylde SD 0.697 0.911 1.022 0.713 1.306 1.004
E3034 Gedling SD 0.702 0.857 0.969 0.765 1.565 0.998
E1634 Gloucester SD 1.369 0.758 0.981 0.801 0.722 0.953
E1735 Gosport SD 0.831 0.692 0.930 0.881 0.690 0.910
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
50
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E2236 Gravesham SD 1.010 0.789 0.991 0.917 0.590 0.947
E2633 Great Yarmouth SD 1.008 0.877 0.978 0.617 1.282 0.979
E3633 Guildford SD 1.287 1.195 1.099 1.549 0.677 1.085
E2732 Hambleton SD 0.920 1.691 0.946 0.776 1.505 1.021
E2433 Harborough SD 1.132 1.264 1.012 0.901 1.537 1.060
E1538 Harlow SD 1.020 0.762 1.047 1.115 0.699 0.999
E2753 Harrogate SD 1.158 1.266 0.954 0.941 1.499 1.027
E1736 Hart SD 0.862 0.964 1.090 1.189 0.746 1.036
E1433 Hastings SD 0.780 0.697 0.955 0.724 1.359 0.967
E1737 Havant SD 0.589 0.784 1.022 0.954 0.689 0.961
E1934 Hertsmere SD 0.590 0.854 1.061 1.287 0.479 0.991
E1037 High Peak SD 1.145 1.079 0.932 0.752 0.907 0.944
E2434 Hinckley & Bosworth SD 1.349 0.969 0.965 0.777 1.416 1.008
E3835 Horsham SD 1.139 1.185 0.993 1.100 1.009 1.015
E0551 Huntingdonshire SD 1.147 1.215 0.959 0.963 1.526 1.031
E2336 Hyndburn SD 0.928 0.753 0.925 0.523 1.188 0.929
E3533 Ipswich SD 1.260 0.688 0.971 0.858 1.357 0.998
E2834 Kettering SD 0.872 0.914 0.956 0.715 1.564 0.995
E2634 King's Lynn & West Norfolk SD 1.524 1.544 0.956 0.735 1.657 1.049
E2337 Lancaster SD 0.950 0.928 0.934 0.615 1.556 0.978
E1435 Lewes SD 0.948 1.016 0.948 1.039 1.393 1.005
E3433 Lichfield SD 1.177 1.027 0.959 0.924 1.333 1.006
E2533 Lincoln SD 1.049 0.846 0.944 0.899 1.530 1.001
E2237 Maidstone SD 1.357 1.133 0.979 1.066 0.726 0.986
E1539 Maldon SD 1.715 1.377 1.031 0.860 0.581 1.012
E1851 Malvern Hills SD 1.241 1.497 0.943 0.759 1.247 0.998
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
51
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E3035 Mansfield SD 1.140 0.808 0.928 0.675 1.361 0.963
E2436 Melton SD 1.142 1.468 0.949 0.753 1.579 1.025
E3331 Mendip SD 0.865 1.329 0.969 0.868 1.114 0.992
E1133 Mid Devon SD 1.157 1.736 0.955 0.714 1.261 1.011
E3534 Mid Suffolk SD 1.731 1.758 0.876 0.742 1.447 0.998
E3836 Mid Sussex SD 0.803 1.013 1.006 1.118 0.952 1.002
E3634 Mole Valley SD 0.925 1.185 1.097 1.316 0.570 1.046
E1738 New Forest SD 0.810 1.072 0.996 1.001 0.607 0.962
E3036 Newark & Sherwood SD 1.194 1.218 0.894 0.724 1.509 0.978
E3434 Newcastle-under-Lyme SD 1.127 0.872 0.970 0.725 1.106 0.971
E1134 North Devon SD 1.255 1.707 0.957 0.752 1.673 1.051
E1234 North Dorset SD 1.217 1.730 0.971 0.809 1.257 1.028
E1038 North East Derbyshire SD 0.925 1.076 0.907 0.712 1.156 0.942
E1935 North Hertfordshire SD 0.875 0.973 0.998 1.064 1.095 1.006
E2534 North Kesteven SD 1.866 1.523 0.930 0.762 1.586 1.039
E2635 North Norfolk SD 1.206 1.831 0.922 0.750 1.358 1.007
E3731 North Warwickshire SD 1.138 1.248 1.079 0.896 1.310 1.078
E2437 North West Leicestershire SD 1.120 1.108 0.964 0.804 1.346 1.002
E2835 Northampton SD 0.896 0.721 1.013 0.814 1.511 1.021
E2636 Norwich SD 1.200 0.753 0.934 1.018 1.446 0.997
E3732 Nuneaton & Bedworth SD 1.025 0.786 0.946 0.812 1.351 0.978
E2438 Oadby & Wigston SD 0.608 0.791 0.985 0.813 1.512 1.000
E3132 Oxford SD 0.604 0.858 1.104 1.661 0.973 1.082
E2338 Pendle SD 0.579 0.773 0.985 0.485 1.285 0.957
E2339 Preston SD 1.412 0.837 0.984 0.698 1.094 0.983
E1236 Purbeck SD 1.067 1.422 0.897 0.880 1.228 0.971
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
52
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E1835 Redditch SD 0.933 0.774 0.978 0.910 1.285 0.994
E3635 Reigate & Banstead SD 0.796 0.925 1.061 1.263 0.474 0.998
E2340 Ribble Valley SD 1.350 1.333 1.009 0.652 1.241 1.026
E2734 Richmondshire SD 1.451 2.351 0.965 0.725 1.519 1.073
E1540 Rochford SD 1.012 0.911 0.930 0.978 0.219 0.891
E2341 Rossendale SD 0.687 0.940 0.927 0.508 1.072 0.920
E1436 Rother SD 1.061 1.277 0.938 0.806 1.275 0.987
E3733 Rugby SD 1.159 0.934 1.060 0.875 1.480 1.066
E3636 Runnymede SD 0.717 0.944 1.166 1.425 0.409 1.060
E3038 Rushcliffe SD 1.253 1.113 0.935 0.790 1.519 1.004
E1740 Rushmoor SD 0.743 0.719 1.123 1.080 0.705 1.028
E2755 Ryedale SD 1.204 2.009 0.922 0.761 1.626 1.037
E2736 Scarborough SD 1.177 1.110 0.921 0.805 1.728 1.012
E3332 Sedgemoor SD 1.231 1.318 0.930 0.800 0.758 0.946
E2757 Selby SD 1.255 1.424 0.978 0.747 1.419 1.030
E2239 Sevenoaks SD 1.018 1.205 1.027 1.147 0.443 0.988
E0434 South Bucks SD 0.837 1.134 1.097 1.279 0.300 1.016
E0536 South Cambridgeshire SD 2.038 1.548 1.096 1.172 1.295 1.151
E1039 South Derbyshire SD 1.477 1.075 0.970 0.783 1.395 1.018
E1136 South Hams SD 1.166 1.959 0.896 0.972 1.058 0.986
E2535 South Holland SD 1.187 1.324 0.940 0.674 1.691 1.019
E2536 South Kesteven SD 0.962 1.146 0.927 0.844 1.638 1.006
E0936 South Lakeland SD 1.496 1.968 0.958 0.818 1.758 1.081
E2637 South Norfolk SD 1.502 1.631 0.972 0.793 1.429 1.047
E2836 South Northamptonshire SD 1.262 1.465 0.986 0.827 1.402 1.041
E3133 South Oxfordshire SD 0.953 1.330 0.986 1.120 0.899 1.004
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
53
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E2342 South Ribble SD 0.956 0.873 0.963 0.737 1.052 0.959
E3334 South Somerset SD 1.170 1.381 0.942 0.781 1.327 0.999
E3435 South Staffordshire SD 1.097 1.021 0.974 0.785 1.312 1.000
E3637 Spelthorne SD 0.795 0.873 1.123 1.284 0.230 1.011
E1936 St Albans SD 0.888 0.920 1.018 1.468 0.765 1.016
E3535 St Edmundsbury SD 1.185 1.318 0.966 0.885 1.477 1.031
E3436 Stafford SD 1.203 1.151 0.967 0.838 1.345 1.011
E3437 Staffordshire Moorlands SD 0.968 1.308 0.901 0.660 1.218 0.950
E1937 Stevenage SD 0.850 0.716 1.044 1.158 0.964 1.015
E3734 Stratford-on-Avon SD 1.351 1.565 1.040 0.989 1.440 1.094
E1635 Stroud SD 1.143 1.219 0.958 0.752 0.645 0.943
E3536 Suffolk Coastal SD 1.470 1.429 1.000 0.740 1.370 1.045
E3638 Surrey Heath SD 1.103 0.956 1.027 1.192 0.586 0.995
E2241 Swale SD 1.079 1.019 0.953 0.885 1.058 0.974
E3439 Tamworth SD 0.962 0.818 0.975 0.983 1.323 1.003
E3639 Tandridge SD 0.959 1.133 1.025 1.130 0.506 0.986
E3333 Taunton Deane SD 1.077 1.210 0.872 0.902 0.994 0.931
E1137 Teignbridge SD 1.388 1.392 0.915 0.858 1.287 0.992
E1542 Tendring SD 1.194 1.010 0.921 0.728 1.206 0.960
E1742 Test Valley SD 1.171 1.199 0.970 1.032 0.548 0.961
E1636 Tewkesbury SD 1.524 1.195 1.072 0.929 0.885 1.051
E2242 Thanet SD 0.693 0.740 0.958 0.739 1.456 0.977
E1938 Three Rivers SD 1.079 0.857 1.113 1.348 0.433 1.036
E2243 Tonbridge & Malling SD 1.105 1.076 1.007 1.167 0.572 0.986
E1139 Torridge SD 1.230 1.999 0.924 0.639 1.596 1.028
E2244 Tunbridge Wells SD 1.224 1.098 0.958 1.188 0.820 0.985
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
54
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E1544 Uttlesford SD 1.178 1.546 1.044 1.065 0.908 1.051
E3134 Vale of White Horse SD 0.986 1.219 1.091 1.036 1.164 1.076
E3735 Warwick SD 0.914 0.857 1.053 1.068 1.428 1.061
E1939 Watford SD 0.971 0.840 0.971 1.330 0.492 0.957
E3537 Waveney SD 0.982 1.055 0.930 0.670 1.376 0.971
E3640 Waverley SD 0.938 1.234 1.027 1.334 0.890 1.037
E1437 Wealden SD 0.960 1.257 0.931 0.942 1.222 0.985
E2837 Wellingborough SD 0.941 0.911 0.982 0.738 1.517 1.009
E1940 Welwyn Hatfield SD 0.711 0.765 1.096 1.228 0.726 1.026
E1140 West Devon SD 1.336 2.109 0.899 0.811 1.097 0.990
E1237 West Dorset SD 1.061 1.629 0.960 0.894 1.467 1.036
E2343 West Lancashire SD 1.109 0.969 0.995 0.698 1.018 0.980
E2537 West Lindsey SD 1.378 1.617 0.926 0.598 1.482 1.006
E3135 West Oxfordshire SD 0.893 1.353 0.954 1.069 1.330 1.018
E3335 West Somerset SD 1.968 2.182 1.004 0.709 1.455 1.101
E1238 Weymouth & Portland SD 1.207 0.919 0.831 0.852 1.553 0.944
E1743 Winchester SD 1.175 1.288 1.011 1.206 0.415 0.989
E3641 Woking SD 0.763 0.850 1.161 1.274 0.541 1.054
E1837 Worcester SD 1.084 0.797 0.971 0.903 1.199 0.988
E3837 Worthing SD 0.631 0.641 0.972 1.012 1.354 0.989
E1838 Wychavon SD 0.982 1.327 0.930 0.841 1.208 0.979
E0435 Wycombe SD 1.109 1.036 1.080 1.147 0.510 1.019
E2344 Wyre SD 0.898 0.924 0.921 0.662 1.417 0.961
E1839 Wyre Forest SD 0.774 0.929 0.892 0.731 1.328 0.939
E0101 Bath & North East Somerset UA 1.312 1.111 0.979 1.233 0.856 1.007
E0202 Bedford UA 1.459 1.037 0.999 0.922 1.430 1.045
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
55
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E2301 Blackburn with Darwen UA 0.981 0.748 0.933 0.578 1.088 0.930
E2302 Blackpool UA 0.792 0.573 0.937 0.621 1.340 0.944
E1202 Bournemouth UA 0.654 0.638 0.979 0.999 0.846 0.951
E0301 Bracknell Forest UA 0.937 0.840 1.147 1.267 0.675 1.063
E1401 Brighton & Hove UA 0.959 0.674 0.994 1.412 1.222 1.029
E0102 Bristol UA 0.852 0.687 1.015 1.029 0.444 0.946
E0203 Central Bedfordshire UA 0.914 1.039 1.022 0.941 1.157 1.020
E0603 Cheshire East UA 0.945 1.042 0.990 0.857 0.827 0.970
E0604 Cheshire West & Chester UA 1.054 1.053 1.002 0.870 0.910 0.988
E0801 Cornwall UA 1.189 1.604 0.910 0.874 1.674 1.025
E1301 Darlington UA 1.042 0.794 0.907 0.631 1.308 0.941
E1001 Derby UA 1.424 0.738 1.052 0.799 1.481 1.056
E1302 Durham UA 1.105 1.033 0.965 0.557 1.121 0.964
E2001 East Riding of Yorkshire UA 1.132 1.236 0.934 0.641 1.550 0.997
E0601 Halton UA 0.715 0.803 1.019 0.717 0.779 0.955
E0701 Hartlepool UA 1.071 0.762 0.957 0.551 0.987 0.936
E1801 Herefordshire UA 1.394 1.725 0.934 0.708 1.435 1.019
E2101 Isle of Wight UA 1.176 1.196 0.951 0.762 2.197 1.068
E2002 Kingston-upon-Hull UA 0.960 0.776 0.957 0.590 1.525 0.981
E2401 Leicester UA 0.909 0.644 0.945 0.829 1.487 0.981
E0201 Luton UA 0.858 0.701 1.099 1.016 0.950 1.033
E2201 Medway UA 1.018 0.779 0.968 0.964 0.792 0.954
E0702 Middlesbrough UA 0.822 0.751 0.974 0.630 1.195 0.960
E0401 Milton Keynes UA 0.893 0.880 1.103 1.085 1.398 1.087
E2003 North East Lincolnshire UA 1.004 0.749 0.910 0.637 1.539 0.960
E2004 North Lincolnshire UA 0.925 1.107 0.964 0.584 1.385 0.985
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
56
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E0104 North Somerset UA 0.985 0.982 0.966 0.901 0.501 0.931
E2901 Northumberland UA 1.233 1.484 0.950 0.698 1.267 0.999
E3001 Nottingham UA 1.065 0.715 0.985 0.831 1.496 1.011
E0501 Peterborough UA 0.907 0.903 0.995 0.964 1.582 1.036
E1101 Plymouth UA 0.992 0.796 0.951 0.979 0.836 0.949
E1201 Poole UA 0.744 0.810 1.001 1.126 0.974 0.991
E1701 Portsmouth UA 0.624 0.625 1.017 0.953 0.633 0.948
E0303 Reading UA 1.160 0.777 1.082 1.334 0.905 1.056
E0703 Redcar & Cleveland UA 1.300 0.841 0.942 0.536 1.333 0.965
E2402 Rutland UA 0.928 1.734 0.936 0.790 1.601 1.026
E3202 Shropshire UA 1.295 1.617 0.927 0.785 1.421 1.012
E0304 Slough UA 1.044 0.792 1.075 1.437 0.349 1.010
E0103 South Gloucestershire UA 1.118 0.877 1.041 1.071 0.412 0.977
E1702 Southampton UA 0.689 0.631 0.993 1.010 0.319 0.916
E1501 Southend-on-Sea UA 0.778 0.672 0.962 0.881 0.364 0.898
E0704 Stockton-on-Tees UA 0.948 0.792 0.952 0.615 1.123 0.947
E3401 Stoke-on-Trent UA 0.869 0.734 0.943 0.663 1.219 0.948
E3901 Swindon UA 0.894 0.832 1.022 0.966 0.937 0.994
E3201 Telford & Wrekin UA 0.853 0.880 0.967 0.826 1.354 0.989
E1502 Thurrock UA 1.108 0.791 1.023 1.225 0.507 0.982
E1102 Torbay UA 0.674 0.763 0.925 0.796 1.297 0.950
E0602 Warrington UA 1.190 0.804 0.998 0.860 0.596 0.953
E0302 West Berkshire UA 1.123 1.187 1.071 1.117 0.944 1.055
E3902 Wiltshire UA 1.093 1.348 0.954 0.881 0.918 0.976
E0305 Windsor & Maidenhead UA 0.971 0.967 1.163 1.547 0.540 1.088
E0306 Wokingham UA 1.000 0.943 1.144 1.396 0.764 1.085
POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
57
E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA
E2701 York UA 0.997 0.879 0.966 1.199 1.505 1.032
E6201 East London Waste WASTE 0.704 0.654 1.039 1.387 0.196 0.958
E6202 Greater Manchester Waste WASTE 0.807 0.723 0.986 0.818 0.565 0.926
E6204 Merseyside Waste WASTE 0.771 0.700 0.982 0.747 1.028 0.955
E6205 North London Waste WASTE 0.620 0.651 1.105 1.949 0.176 1.027
E6207 West London Waste WASTE 0.743 0.731 1.106 1.576 0.215 1.013
E6206 Western Riverside Waste WASTE 0.700 0.616 1.167 2.253 0.158 1.081