policy development: not a statement of government … · paper: nr twg 19-02: review of local...

POLICY DEVELOPMENT: NOT A STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY

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Title: Needs & Redistribution Technical Working Group Paper: NR TWG 19-02: Review of local authorities’ relative needs and

resources: Area Cost Adjustment Date: 25 June 2019 Venue: Local Government Association, 18 Smith Square, London

1. Policy Background

1.1. The relative needs assessment consists of a number of Relative Needs

Formulas (RNFs) and specific Area Cost Adjustments (ACAs). It treats local

authorities on a consistent basis and accounts for factors that relate to their

service pressures and are outside of authorities’ control, in particular:

• Area characteristics, such as numbers of children or cumulative length of

road, which determine the number of interventions required are additive

cost drivers and are accounted for in RNFs;

• Factors, such as wages, commercial rents and other geographical

features which might affect the cost of making the same intervention are

accounted for by the ACAs. The ACAs aim to accurately measure local

variation in the cost of delivering services.

1.2. In line with the principles of the Review, we have taken a fresh look at the Area

Cost Adjustment. We propose to continue to adjust for both labour and

business rates, but we have refreshed the 2013/14 approach, making several

improvements to the accuracy and coverage, including:

• Calculation of variation in costs at more granular levels of geography;

• More detailed approach to assessing the going market rate for labour

and removal of arbitrary lower limits in the labour cost adjustment;

• More robust methodology and data source for the Rates Cost

Adjustment; and

• Inclusion of an adjustment to address issues of sparsity and density

using sophisticated measurements of journey times that avoids ‘cliff

edges’ between local authorities.


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1.3. This paper introduces the ACA methodology as outlined in the December 2018

consultation1 on Relative Needs and Resources and illustrates a specific

approach to weighting the individual components of the ACA and their

application to Relative Needs Formulas. The structure of the paper follows the

ACA structure as outlined in figure 1.

Figure 1: Proposed structure of the ACA

1 https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/review-of-local-authorities-relative-needs-and-resources

Weights determined by Subjective Analysis Return and Revenue Outturn

Area Cost Adjustment

Labour Cost Adjustment (LCA) Based on local wage data

Rates Cost Adjustment (RCA) Based on local Rateable Values

Remoteness Based on journey times

to major cities

Weights determined by National Travel Survey data or service-specific cost modelling

Accessibility (within LCA)

Dispersal Based on journey

times to "hub" towns

Traversal Based on journey

times between households

https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/review-of-local-authorities-relative-needs-and-resources

https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/review-of-local-authorities-relative-needs-and-resources


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2. Calculation of Labour Cost Adjustment, Rates Cost Adjustment, and Journey Times Measures

2.1. The LCA, RCA and Journey Times measures are each calculated as indices with a mean of 1, with higher cost authorities

scoring above one and vice versa. The following tables summarise the methodologies and rationale for calculating each

index. The technical regression specifications for the LCA and RCA are included in Annex 2 and values for individual local

authorities can be found in Annex 4.

Table 1: Methodology summary of Labour and Rates Cost Adjustments

What are we measuring?

Data What factors are controlled for?

Why do we control for these?

Why don’t we use local authority data?

LCA

Spatial variation in the going rate for similar workers, accounting for the effects of other factors known to affect wages.

ONS Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE) 2015, 2016 & 2017

Age, Sex, Full-time vs Part-time, Public vs Private sector, Occupation (e.g. “Chief Executive” or “Dental Therapist”), Industry (e.g. “Advertising” and “Youth Work”)

Averaging these effects out avoids us ascribing high costs to areas with a large number of workers in highly-paid occupations or industries such as finance.

We use a sample of all workers partly because outsourcing and other arrangements have made it more difficult to separate private and public sector professions, and partly to maintain incentives for LAs to exercise pay restraint - using LA paybills would compensate authorities which have chosen to pay above the local going rate. ASHE has the advantage of being a large dataset, which is consistently collected across local authorities and includes relevant worker characteristics.

RCA

Spatial variation in the going rate for similar properties, accounting for the effects of building characteristics known to affect valuation.

A detailed database of property valuations from the Valuation Office Agency (VOA)

Property Type, Types of Features (e.g. air conditioning), Valuation adjustments (e.g. age, variations in floor level), Plant and Machinery value, Area of property, Proportion of area taken up by additional features such as car parks.

Averaging these effects out avoids us ascribing high costs to areas with higher quality buildings.

We use a sample of all buildings partly because outsourcing and other arrangements have made it more difficult to separate private and public sector buildings, and partly to maintain incentives for LAs to exercise cost restraint - using LA rent bills would compensate authorities which have chosen to pay above the local going rate. Again, the VOA database is the largest dataset that we are aware of, collected consistently across local authorities and including relevant building characteristics.


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2.2. As noted in the December 2018 consultation, the RCA will be applied to all premises costs. As rateable values for the majority

of properties are based on market rents, the RCA can be used to adjust for variation in rents paid and/or the income foregone

by using space which could otherwise be rented at market rates, and other premises costs, in addition to the cost of business

rates.

2.3. Our refreshed ACA includes three journey times measures (see figure 1). We believe these are superior to measures of

sparsity or density in making an assessment of area costs for the following reasons:

• More sophisticated: Journey times measures can reflect the way services are actually delivered. Some sparsely-

populated areas are either close to or well-connected to much denser areas (e.g. areas in a Green Belt) or have easy

access to motorways or major roads. This has different implications for the cost of service delivery.

• Robust evidence: Compensating areas for differences in labour productivity due to the time staff spend travelling can

be supported by empirical evidence or expert assessments of actual journeys made, such as studies of waste

collection routes by WRAP.

• Avoids cliff edges: Previous measures of sparsity or super-sparsity have counted the proportion of smaller areas with

population density below a judgement-based threshold. This create "cliff edges" around the threshold, with similar areas

either side of the threshold having different implications for funding. Areas which are far below the threshold are counted

the same as areas just below the threshold, meaning that funding is not targeted to areas with the greatest potential

need. By contrast, journey times provide a continuous proxy measure of additional costs, treating similar areas

alike and dissimilar areas differently.

2.4. We use journey times measures to capture direct costs through staff time (Accessibility) and indirect costs through

procurement or economies of scale (Remoteness).


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Table 2: Summary of methodologies for calculation of Journey Times measures

Measure Description Rationale A

cce

ss

ibilit

y (

wit

hin

LC

A)

Traversal

• MHCLG-commissioned* journey times from Lower Super Output Areas (400 to 1,200 households) to the closest Lower Super Output Areas (LSOA) in an area totalling 10,000 people.

• The centre of LSOAs is determined by the ONS using population weights.

• Reflects the additional cost – in terms of employee time and therefore paybill – of longer journeys between households when delivering services such as waste collection

Dispersal

• DfT Journey Times from Output Areas (average 129 households) to the closest “hub town” (settlement of over 10,000 people).

• The centre of each “hub town” is the centre of an Area of Town Centre Activity (ACTA) or a selected school or shop in a settlement without an ACTA.

• Reflects the additional cost – in terms of employee time and therefore paybill – of longer journeys to reach households in order to provide services such as child protection visits

Remoteness

• DfT Journey Times from Output Areas to Major Towns and Cities (areas identified by the ONS as Built Up Areas - contingent areas of high density development, also used by Defra to define Urban/Rural Classifications - with more than 75,000 residents).

• The centre of each “Major Town or City” is selected by DfT from features such as major railway stations or town halls. Ferry journeys, including mandatory waiting times, to/from the Isle of Wight are accounted for. Sub-divisions of Major Towns and Cities, such as London, which individually contain more than 75,000 people, are also included. Centres of these additional areas are determined as the centre of the Areas of Town Centre activity within the area with the greatest workday population.

• Functions as a proxy to account for separation from larger concentrations of service users.

• Economic theory suggests that outside of larger service markets, fewer providers can sustainably operate, reducing competition and increasing the cost of procuring specialised goods and services such as social care beds for local authorities. The cost of “in house” services will also be higher due to lower economies of scale.

* LSOA to LSOA journey times were estimated by Basemap Ltd., who supply software for this purpose to DfT, using the same algorithms, assumptions, Ordnance Survey mapping and GPS data. Definitions of the geographies discussed can be found in Annex 3.


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2.5. The figures below illustrate the three key discrete components of the ACA

before they are weighted to form composite indices. In each measure, the

average authority has a score of 1; the darker shaded areas reflect a higher

score and the lighter shaded a lower score.

Figure 2: LCA Index (excluding accessibility)

Figure 3: RCA Index

Figure 4: Remoteness Index


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3. Weighting the components of the ACA

LCA, RCA and Remoteness

3.1. Components of the ACA are weighted together into a single index for each

funding formula, appropriate for the relevant service(s).

3.2. Weights for the LCA, RCA and Remoteness are determined using two data

sources: Revenue Outturn (RO) and Subjective Analysis Return (SAR). RO

statistics are based on the actual revenue spending of all local authorities in

England using the final audited financial accounts where possible. SAR is

completed by a sample of authorities in England and gives more detailed

breakdowns of spending within services. Since weights are calculated using

aggregated data at the service level, the final ACAs for individual authorities are

not dependent directly on their RO or SAR return. This section summarises our

application of the RO and SAR data to produce weights for each service’s ACA.

3.2.1. Local authorities record the split of their spending on each service line

in the RO between: “employee costs” and “running costs”.

3.2.2. Employee costs are directly allocated to the LCA weight. The

figures in the boxes below show how intermediate weights are

determined for the Lower Tier Foundation Formula for illustrative

purposes. Note, the box colours correspond to figure 1.

3.2.3. Next, we need to identify the components of ‘Running Costs’. The

SAR collates authorities’ break down of running costs into categories

for: “Social Care” and “All other services” (this excludes spending

which is out of scope of the settlement such as Police and Schools).

3.2.4. We assign these categories to the most appropriate components of

the ACA (see Annex 1 for a full list).

3.2.5. The cost of spending for some categories is assumed to vary with one

of the LCA, RCA or Remoteness (for example, agency staff costs are

assigned to the LCA).

3.2.6. Some categories are assumed to be unaffected by any components of

the ACA and remain unadjusted (for example, energy costs are

assumed not to vary geographically).

Employee Costs 33%

Running Costs 67%


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3.2.7. Some categories are assumed to be affected by all three factors and

are split (for example, contracted services). The boxes below show

how running costs are initially weighted, before this split takes

place.

3.2.8. In line with the previous Review of the Area Cost Adjustment (Elliott et

al, 1996), we assume 70% of contracted costs are labour costs, so

assume 70% of the split category refers to employee costs and 30%

refers to running costs. We apply the weights from the previous step

in order to split the “running costs” of those categories assigned to

‘split’ (for example, the labour share of the split categories would be

70% + 30%*(14%/(14%+9%+7%+43%))=76%). After reassigning the

split categories, we have final weightings for running costs, as

shown below.

3.2.9. Adding the employee costs from the RO (step 3.2.2) to the labour

costs from within running costs (step 3.2.8) and splitting insurance

costs according to these weights, we get a final weight for the LCA,

RCA and Remoteness:

Table 4: Example ACA Weightings Relative Need Formula LCA RCA Remoteness Unadjusted

Adult Social Care 62.1% 1.8% 2.6% 33.5%

Children’s Services 71.2% 1.3% 2.0% 25.5%

Foundation Formula: Lower Tier 55.5% 7.0% 5.3% 32.2%

Foundation Formula: Upper Tier 49.5% 7.9% 6.1% 36.6%

Highway Maintenance 46.5% 8.4% 6.4% 38.7%

3.3. Table four gives example weights for some formulas to illustrate how the ACA

can be applied to different services. Weights differ between services primarily

due to the service specific employee costs from RO data, this reflects the fact

that services such as Adult Social Care are more labour intensive than

Highways Maintenance for example. Furthermore, the running costs differ

between social care and other services, due to the structure of SAR data.

3.4. We have also considered an alternative option, under the assumption that

contracted services (the split category) are potentially more affected by

Labour Costs 33%

Rates Costs 10%

Remoteness 8%

Unadjusted 48%

Labour Costs 14%

Rates Costs 9%

Remoteness 7%

Unadjusted 43%

Split 26%


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remoteness than other areas. In this scenario, instead of applying the weights

from step 3.2.7 to the split category exactly as before, we reassign the

‘unadjusted’ portion of the split category to remoteness, giving a higher

remoteness weight. Table 5 shows the impact of this on the final weights.

Table 5: Example Alternative ACA Weightings Relative Need Formula LCA RCA Remoteness Unadjusted

Adult Social Care 62.1% 1.8% 14.4% 21.7%

Children’s Services 71.2% 1.3% 10.9% 16.5%

Foundation Formula: Lower Tier 55.5% 7.0% 8.4% 29.2%

Foundation Formula: Upper Tier 49.5% 7.9% 9.5% 33.1%

Highway Maintenance 46.5% 8.4% 10.1% 35.1%

Accessibility

3.5. Accessibility measures additional employee time needed to deliver services

owing to journey times and is therefore applied to the LCA (see section 4 for

details of the application). Weights for Accessibility are determined using the

National Transport Survey or service specific cost modelling where data is

available.

3.6. The default weight is calculated using the average number of hours per year

spent travelling for work by relevant workers in the National Transport

Survey, as a proportion of all paid time.

3.7. The weight for domiciliary adult social care uses travel time estimates

published by the UK Homecare Association (UKHCA), and the weight for waste

collection estimates total travel time from Waste and Resources Action

Programme’s (WRAP) Indicative Cost and Performance (ICP2) published

model of waste collection costs. The waste collection weight is applied to the

proportion of labour costs in the Foundation Formula that correspond to waste

collection.

3.8. This gives the following Accessibility weights:

Table 6: Illustrative Accessibility Weightings Relative Need Formula Weight

Adult Social Care 3.1%

Foundation Formula Lower Tier 5.9%

Foundation Formula Upper Tier 3.3%

All other formulas 3.0%


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4. Calculating a final ACA

4.1. Once the weights are determined, the indices can be combined to form ACAs.

The full calculation can be found in Annex 2. Note that the weights are specific

to each service, whilst the indices are specific to each local authority. Illustrative

values for each index and the ACAs can be found in Annex 4.

4.2. All indices are initially calculated at the lower tier level. Upper tier ACAs are

then calculated as a population weighted average of the relevant lower tier

authorities.

4.3. The underlying data to calculate the LCA, RCA and Journey Times measures

are not available on new geographies. ACAs for newly formed authorities are

calculated as a population weighted average of the relevant authority scores,

analogous to our approach for upper tier authorities.

4.4. Figure 5 illustrates the illustrative ACA scores for the lower tier foundation

formula. This will look different for different service areas due to the service

specific weightings discussed in section 3.

Figure 5: Illustrative Lower Tier Foundation Formula ACA


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5. Application of the ACA within the Relative Needs and Resources Review

Expenditure Based Regression (EBR):

5.1. EBR is used to assess relative needs in the Foundation Formulas and

Highways Maintenance Formula using the average relationship between

historic spending and cost drivers. To ensure historic spend is comparable

between areas, spend is first divided by the ACA. After the relationships with

cost drivers are determined, estimated need is multiplied by the ACA,

increasing the assessment of need for areas with higher relative input costs.

This compensates areas for the higher cost of delivering the same intervention.

In the flow chart below, these two ACA steps are in yellow. The blue boxes

refer to the calculation of individual local authority allocations using relative

need formulas.

5.2. This means that increasing an authority’s ACA does not necessarily

increase funding since the ACA is applied both before and after running the

regressions. However:

5.2.1. A higher ACA compared to similar authorities will result in a greater

share of funding (i.e. compared to authorities with similar values for

each cost driver);

5.2.2. A higher ACA compared to an alternative ACA (e.g. the 2013/14

methodology) for the same authority does not necessarily imply a

greater share of funding (although in many instances it will). This is for

two reasons, firstly the overall ACA distribution will have changed.

Secondly, when the new ACA is applied to divide spending, the

estimated relationships between cost drivers and spending in any

expenditure-based regression will change and this affects assessed

relative need.

5.2.3. If we did not deflate by costs first, our coefficients in the regression

would be biased since expenditure would appear higher in areas

with higher costs – i.e. the coefficients would pick up a cost effect as

well as a volume effect. This would be a particular concern if any cost

drivers were correlated with costs, since when we re-inflate by the

ACA at the end, costs may be double counted.

Divide spending in each area by the

ACA

Estimate relationship

between cost drivers and spending

Multiply estimated

weights by the actual value of

cost drivers

Multiply estimated need for each area by

the ACA

Rescale to control totals to calculate

target allocations


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Multi-Level Models (MLM):

5.3. For formulas which are determined by MLM, the ACA is simply applied to the

estimated needs shares. In this case the effect of the ACA is direct - a higher

ACA results in a greater share of funding.

5.4. This approach is applied to the Adult Social Care and Children’s Social Care

RNFs.

Legacy Capital Finance:

5.5. The Legacy Capital Finance formula will not be adjusted using an ACA as it is

based on actual historic obligations.

6. Discussion points for Technical Working Group

6.1. We welcome comments on the ACA methodology. In particular, we are seeking

views on our interpretation of the SAR data (set out in Annex 1), our approach

to weights and any additional evidence you may be able to provide.

Estimate need shares through MLM

Multiply estimated need for each area by

the ACA


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Annex 1 – Subjective Analysis Return Decisions

The table below summarises our initial assignment of Subjective Analysis Return

(SAR) part B lines to ACA weights. The objective here is to determine weights within

running costs. SAR part A relates to employee pay and is excluded from this

exercise. We prefer to use the RO to measure employee costs since this gives a

reliable, service specific assessment.

SAR Line Weight

decision

Rationale

PREMISES EXPENSES 18 Repairs, Alterations and

Maintenance of Buildings

RCA Proportional to rents (see line 21)

19 Energy Costs - Electricity,

Gas and Other

Unadjusted Geographic variation is likely minimal

given market structure

21 Rents RCA RCA is a measure of rateable values,

which are based on market rents for the

majority of premises

22 Rates RCA RCA is a measure of rateable values

23 Water Services Unadjusted Geographic variation is likely minimal

given market structure

24 Fixtures & Fittings RCA Premises costs are proportional to rents

(see line 21)

25 Cleaning and Domestic

Supplies

RCA Premises costs are proportional to rents

(see line 21)

26 Grounds Maintenance Costs RCA Premises costs are proportional to rents

(see line 21)

27 Premises Insurance RCA Premises costs are proportional to rents

(see line 21)

28 Other Premises Related

Expenditure

RCA Premises costs are proportional to rents

(see line 21)

TRANSPORT EXPENSES 30 Direct Transport Costs -

Vehicle Running Costs, Repair

& Maintenance

Remoteness Variation in journey times proxied by

remoteness

32 Contract Hire and Operating

Leases


remoteness

33 Car Allowances for Travelling

Expenses


remoteness

34 Public Transport Allowances

for Travelling Expenses


remoteness


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SAR Line Weight

decision

Rationale

35 Transport Insurance Remoteness Will reflect costs for other transport

activities, as premiums correlate with

replacement values

36 Other Transport Related

Expenditure

Remoteness No detailed guidance so follow rest of

category.

SUPPLIES & SERVICES EXPENDITURE 38 Equipment, Furniture &

Materials

Remoteness Cost variation may arise due to (lack of)

economies of scale in provider markets

39 Catering Split Will reflect the breakdown of other costs

between the LCA, RCA and Remoteness

40 Clothing, Uniforms & Laundry Split Will reflect the breakdown of other costs


41 Printing, Stationery and

General Office Expenses


given market concentration

42 Communications and

Computing - Postage,

Telephone, Computer Costs and

Other


given market concentration

46 Subsistence and Conference

Expenses

Unadjusted Travel expenses are captured above

(lines 30-36), other costs will be equal

47 Subscriptions Unadjusted Unlikely to vary geographically given the

scale of providers

48 Insurance Other Will reflect other costs, as premiums

correlate with replacement values

49 Schools' Non ICT Learning

Resources

Excluded Schools funding is out of scope of

Settlement

50 Schools' ICT Learning

Resources

Excluded Schools funding is out of scope of

Settlement

51 Exam Fees Unadjusted Unlikely to vary geographically given the

scale of providers

52 Other Supplies and Services

Expenditure

Unadjusted Largely PFI (according to guidance)

THIRD PARTY PAYMENTS 54 Joint Authorities and Other

Local Authorities

Unadjusted Will be captured in ACA for the

contracted authority

55 Grants to Voluntary Bodies Unadjusted Guidance states that this excludes

contracted services and therefore covers

discretionary grants – we do not adjust

discretionary payments

56 Private Contractors and

Other Agencies - Professional

Services

Split Will reflect the breakdown of other costs



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SAR Line Weight

decision

Rationale


Other Agencies - Agency Staff

LCA Reflects local labour costs


Other Agencies - Other

Split Will reflect the breakdown of other costs

between the LCA, RCA and remoteness

59 Internal Trading

Organisations

Unadjusted Internal transfers do not contribute to net

expenditure

OTHER 61 Total Transfer Payments

(Discretionary)

Unadjusted We do not adjust discretionary payments

62 Expenditure on Management

and Support Services

LCA Reflects local labour costs


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Annex 2 – Equations

The regression specifications for the LCA and RCA respectively are as follows: ln(𝑔𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑝𝑎𝑦)

= 𝛼 + 𝛽1ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 + 𝛽2𝑎𝑔𝑒 + 𝛽3𝑎𝑔𝑒2 + 𝛾𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑢𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦𝑖 + 𝛿𝑗𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑗 + 𝛿𝑘𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑘 + 𝛿𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑝𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 & 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑦 𝑔𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑝𝑙 + 𝛿𝑚𝑠𝑒𝑥𝑚 + 휀

ln (𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 − 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚𝑎𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑦 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒

𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎)

= 𝛼 + 𝛽1

𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎

𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎+ 𝛽2

𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑑𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎

𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎+ 𝛽3

𝑐𝑎𝑟 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑘 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎

𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎+ 𝛾𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑢𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦𝑖 + 𝛿𝑗𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑦 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑗

+ 𝛿𝑘𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑘 + 𝛿𝑙𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑑𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑙 + 𝛿𝑚𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑚 + 휀

The final ACA for local authority ‘i’ and service area ‘j’ is calculated as follows:

𝐴𝐶𝐴 𝑖,𝑗 = [(𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑖 × 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑙 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑗) + 1 − 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑙 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑗] × [(𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑖 × 𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑙 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑗) + 1 − 𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑙 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑗]

× 𝐿𝐶𝐴𝑖 × 𝐿𝐶𝐴 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑗 + 𝑅𝐶𝐴𝑖 × 𝑅𝐶𝐴 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑗 + 𝑅𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖 × 𝑅𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑗 + 𝑈𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑗


17

Annex 3 – Geographic Definitions

Geography Description

Lower Super Output Areas

(LSOA)

400 to 1,200 households

Output Areas Average 129 households

Hub Town Settlement of over 10,000 people

Major Towns and Cities Areas identified by the ONS as Built Up Areas - contingent areas of high density development, also

used by Defra to define Urban/Rural Classifications - with more than 75,000 residents


18

Annex 4 – Illustrative Indices

The tables below are based on 2017/18 geographies. There are two sets of numbers linked to the example weightings from

Tables 4 and 5.

Upper Tier Authority Indices – EXAMPLE WEIGHTS

E-code

Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Adult Social Care ACA

Children’s Services ACA

Foundation Formula – Upper Tier ACA

Highways Maintenance ACA

E5030 Barking & Dagenham LB 0.847 0.755 1.050 1.102 0.227 1.005 1.013 0.979 0.976

E5031 Barnet LB 0.548 0.787 1.060 1.617 0.278 1.016 1.022 1.024 1.024

E5032 Bexley LB 0.692 0.759 1.020 0.967 0.256 0.982 0.987 0.953 0.951

E5033 Brent LB 0.803 0.792 1.036 1.459 0.222 1.002 1.008 1.000 0.999

E5034 Bromley LB 0.824 0.837 1.031 1.267 0.238 0.998 1.003 0.985 0.983

E5011 Camden LB 0.698 0.747 1.207 2.969 0.141 1.128 1.143 1.195 1.197

E5010 City of London LB 1.596 1.202 1.474 3.232 0.152 1.333 1.375 1.378 1.368

E5035 Croydon LB 0.887 0.767 1.049 1.233 0.225 1.007 1.015 0.990 0.987

E5036 Ealing LB 0.796 0.818 1.055 1.427 0.275 1.015 1.022 1.011 1.009

E5037 Enfield LB 0.754 0.768 1.026 1.321 0.264 0.994 0.998 0.986 0.985

E5012 Greenwich LB 0.849 0.815 1.072 1.111 0.192 1.019 1.029 0.990 0.986

E5013 Hackney LB 0.654 0.691 1.101 1.901 0.170 1.044 1.053 1.059 1.059

E5014 Hammersmith & Fulham

LB 0.616 0.681 1.171 2.176 0.136 1.089 1.103 1.112 1.111

E5038 Haringey LB 0.571 0.706 1.033 1.522 0.159 0.994 0.998 0.995 0.995

E5039 Harrow LB 0.563 0.745 1.021 1.331 0.205 0.985 0.989 0.977 0.977

E5040 Havering LB 0.967 0.854 1.041 1.189 0.313 1.007 1.014 0.991 0.988


19

E-code





E5041 Hillingdon LB 0.825 0.935 1.139 1.427 0.275 1.070 1.085 1.054 1.050

E5042 Hounslow LB 1.080 0.892 1.179 1.469 0.243 1.099 1.117 1.079 1.073

E5015 Islington LB 0.635 0.695 1.240 2.269 0.154 1.134 1.154 1.154 1.152

E5016 Kensington & Chelsea LB 1.117 0.722 1.174 3.753 0.175 1.130 1.139 1.249 1.255

E5043 Kingston-upon-Thames

LB 0.869 0.829 1.073 1.439 0.219 1.027 1.035 1.018 1.016

E5017 Lambeth LB 0.749 0.709 1.178 1.680 0.192 1.089 1.106 1.082 1.079

E5018 Lewisham LB 0.821 0.739 1.083 1.169 0.201 1.024 1.035 0.998 0.995

E5044 Merton LB 0.715 0.797 1.064 1.360 0.204 1.016 1.024 1.004 1.002

E5045 Newham LB 0.615 0.721 1.054 1.442 0.164 1.007 1.013 1.000 0.999

E5046 Redbridge LB 0.670 0.702 0.950 1.294 0.207 0.942 0.940 0.941 0.942

E5047 Richmond-upon-Thames

LB 0.642 0.874 1.115 1.670 0.218 1.053 1.065 1.054 1.052

E5019 Southwark LB 0.868 0.734 1.205 1.789 0.210 1.111 1.130 1.108 1.104

E5048 Sutton LB 0.711 0.756 1.012 1.076 0.177 0.977 0.982 0.954 0.952

E5020 Tower Hamlets LB 0.894 0.728 1.336 1.983 0.177 1.195 1.225 1.185 1.178

E5049 Waltham Forest LB 0.817 0.826 1.001 1.319 0.168 0.978 0.981 0.970 0.969

E5021 Wandsworth LB 0.650 0.720 1.094 1.616 0.189 1.035 1.045 1.035 1.034

E5022 Westminster LB 0.978 0.698 1.306 4.379 0.170 1.220 1.237 1.361 1.366

E4401 Barnsley MD 1.230 0.966 0.961 0.601 1.521 0.985 0.981 0.983 0.984

E4601 Birmingham MD 0.840 0.761 1.005 0.863 1.376 1.003 1.001 1.008 1.010

E4201 Bolton MD 1.173 0.844 0.944 0.670 0.806 0.954 0.951 0.934 0.933

E4701 Bradford MD 1.257 0.864 0.946 0.635 1.497 0.974 0.968 0.976 0.977

E4202 Bury MD 0.981 0.865 0.961 0.750 0.852 0.965 0.963 0.949 0.949

E4702 Calderdale MD 1.187 1.089 0.930 0.600 1.437 0.966 0.959 0.965 0.966

E4602 Coventry MD 1.266 0.728 1.020 0.774 1.518 1.021 1.020 1.022 1.023

E4402 Doncaster MD 1.152 0.967 0.933 0.604 1.531 0.967 0.960 0.970 0.971


20

E-code





E4603 Dudley MD 0.749 0.817 0.918 0.661 1.428 0.947 0.938 0.953 0.956

E4501 Gateshead MD 1.062 0.931 0.933 0.736 1.104 0.956 0.951 0.952 0.953

E4703 Kirklees MD 1.123 0.964 0.899 0.605 1.458 0.944 0.934 0.948 0.951

E4301 Knowsley MD 0.854 0.856 1.031 0.646 0.981 1.007 1.011 0.982 0.980

E4704 Leeds MD 0.927 0.874 0.987 0.913 1.485 0.999 0.995 1.013 1.015

E4302 Liverpool MD 0.782 0.785 0.998 0.741 1.122 0.989 0.988 0.979 0.979

E4203 Manchester MD 0.738 0.730 1.023 0.985 0.454 0.990 0.994 0.968 0.967

E4502 Newcastle-upon-Tyne MD 0.848 0.818 1.005 0.863 1.104 0.997 0.997 0.992 0.993

E4503 North Tyneside MD 0.896 0.888 0.963 0.665 1.129 0.971 0.967 0.960 0.960

E4204 Oldham MD 0.639 0.789 0.904 0.621 0.866 0.921 0.913 0.906 0.908

E4205 Rochdale MD 0.932 0.865 0.945 0.638 0.926 0.954 0.950 0.937 0.937

E4403 Rotherham MD 0.949 0.868 0.951 0.593 1.585 0.974 0.968 0.976 0.978

E4206 Salford MD 0.993 0.847 0.988 0.738 0.452 0.970 0.973 0.937 0.935

E4604 Sandwell MD 0.935 0.781 0.928 0.645 1.444 0.956 0.947 0.959 0.962

E4304 Sefton MD 0.810 0.788 0.926 0.679 1.351 0.951 0.942 0.954 0.956

E4404 Sheffield MD 0.860 0.835 0.975 0.738 1.590 0.989 0.984 0.998 1.000

E4605 Solihull MD 0.863 0.933 1.081 1.030 1.406 1.057 1.062 1.064 1.063

E4504 South Tyneside MD 1.168 0.895 0.906 0.566 1.080 0.937 0.929 0.924 0.925

E4303 St Helens MD 1.074 0.909 0.934 0.671 0.860 0.949 0.945 0.932 0.932

E4207 Stockport MD 0.816 0.900 0.972 0.716 0.472 0.959 0.960 0.928 0.926

E4505 Sunderland MD 1.106 0.849 0.972 0.656 1.124 0.978 0.976 0.965 0.965

E4208 Tameside MD 0.824 0.847 0.944 0.619 0.716 0.945 0.943 0.920 0.919

E4209 Trafford MD 0.780 0.801 0.996 0.869 0.227 0.968 0.972 0.934 0.932

E4705 Wakefield MD 1.031 0.990 0.970 0.726 1.482 0.990 0.985 0.993 0.995

E4606 Walsall MD 0.873 0.825 0.937 0.664 1.446 0.961 0.953 0.965 0.967

E4210 Wigan MD 0.886 0.922 0.961 0.676 0.853 0.963 0.961 0.943 0.943


21

E-code





E4305 Wirral MD 0.757 0.773 0.940 0.647 1.304 0.956 0.949 0.954 0.956

E4607 Wolverhampton MD 0.983 0.807 0.946 0.671 1.463 0.969 0.962 0.972 0.974

E0421 Buckinghamshire SC 1.088 1.249 1.046 1.007 0.748 1.029 1.036 1.014 1.011

E0521 Cambridgeshire SC 1.359 1.458 1.006 1.040 1.645 1.038 1.037 1.060 1.060

E0920 Cumbria SC 1.370 1.825 0.970 0.605 1.724 1.017 1.015 1.018 1.017

E1021 Derbyshire SC 1.144 1.215 0.936 0.676 1.442 0.973 0.967 0.976 0.977

E1121 Devon SC 1.233 1.772 0.918 0.789 1.514 0.978 0.971 0.991 0.992

E1221 Dorset SC 1.083 1.517 0.930 0.859 1.340 0.975 0.969 0.985 0.986

E1421 East Sussex SC 1.001 1.167 0.934 0.833 1.483 0.972 0.964 0.986 0.989

E1521 Essex SC 1.178 1.137 0.978 0.966 0.709 0.984 0.985 0.974 0.973

E1620 Gloucestershire SC 1.242 1.347 0.970 0.790 0.927 0.987 0.987 0.974 0.972

E1721 Hampshire SC 1.041 1.127 1.011 0.979 0.676 1.002 1.005 0.987 0.985

E1920 Hertfordshire SC 0.907 1.013 1.021 1.148 0.831 1.010 1.012 1.011 1.010

E2221 Kent SC 1.180 1.176 0.966 0.938 1.038 0.985 0.983 0.986 0.986

E2321 Lancashire SC 1.073 1.026 0.944 0.585 1.360 0.969 0.964 0.963 0.964

E2421 Leicestershire SC 1.244 1.173 0.959 0.760 1.641 0.995 0.989 1.006 1.008

E2520 Lincolnshire SC 1.372 1.582 0.915 0.668 1.807 0.980 0.971 0.996 0.998

E2620 Norfolk SC 1.462 1.557 0.928 0.730 1.645 0.986 0.979 0.998 0.999

E2721 North Yorkshire SC 1.263 1.766 0.930 0.751 1.734 0.992 0.984 1.008 1.009

E2820 Northamptonshire SC 1.097 1.163 0.971 0.715 1.712 1.001 0.995 1.011 1.012

E3021 Nottinghamshire SC 1.088 1.124 0.936 0.656 1.601 0.974 0.966 0.981 0.983

E3120 Oxfordshire SC 0.943 1.344 1.026 1.111 1.237 1.031 1.032 1.042 1.042

E3320 Somerset SC 1.234 1.578 0.919 0.760 1.237 0.967 0.962 0.969 0.969

E3421 Staffordshire SC 1.144 1.154 0.947 0.746 1.463 0.980 0.975 0.987 0.988

E3520 Suffolk SC 1.409 1.466 0.937 0.725 1.570 0.987 0.981 0.996 0.996

E3620 Surrey SC 0.951 1.161 1.064 1.236 0.580 1.036 1.044 1.027 1.025


22

E-code





E3720 Warwickshire SC 1.187 1.216 1.014 0.864 1.591 1.030 1.029 1.039 1.039

E3820 West Sussex SC 0.987 1.113 0.973 1.008 1.172 0.991 0.987 1.000 1.001

E1821 Worcestershire SC 1.042 1.213 0.936 0.770 1.415 0.972 0.965 0.980 0.981

E0101 Bath & North East Somerset

UA 1.406 1.279 0.964 1.137 0.966 0.992 0.990 1.002 1.002

E0202 Bedford UA 1.563 1.194 0.983 0.850 1.613 1.016 1.013 1.029 1.029

E2301 Blackburn with Darwen

UA 1.051 0.861 0.918 0.533 1.228 0.945 0.938 0.935 0.936

E2302 Blackpool UA 0.849 0.659 0.922 0.573 1.512 0.949 0.939 0.951 0.954

E1202 Bournemouth UA 0.701 0.735 0.964 0.922 0.954 0.965 0.961 0.964 0.966

E0301 Bracknell Forest UA 1.004 0.967 1.129 1.169 0.762 1.076 1.089 1.062 1.058

E1401 Brighton & Hove UA 1.028 0.776 0.978 1.302 1.379 0.998 0.992 1.033 1.037

E0102 Bristol UA 0.913 0.791 0.999 0.949 0.502 0.980 0.982 0.960 0.959

E0203 Central Bedfordshire UA 0.980 1.196 1.005 0.868 1.306 1.013 1.013 1.014 1.014

E0603 Cheshire East UA 1.012 1.199 0.974 0.791 0.934 0.983 0.983 0.971 0.970

E0604 Cheshire West & Chester

UA 1.129 1.212 0.986 0.803 1.027 0.995 0.996 0.985 0.984

E0801 Cornwall UA 1.274 1.846 0.896 0.807 1.889 0.976 0.964 1.005 1.008

E1301 Darlington UA 1.116 0.914 0.893 0.582 1.476 0.939 0.928 0.943 0.946

E1001 Derby UA 1.526 0.850 1.035 0.738 1.672 1.041 1.042 1.043 1.042

E1302 Durham UA 1.184 1.189 0.950 0.514 1.265 0.974 0.971 0.959 0.958

E2001 East Riding of Yorkshire

UA 1.213 1.423 0.919 0.591 1.749 0.974 0.965 0.984 0.985

E0601 Halton UA 0.766 0.924 1.003 0.662 0.879 0.987 0.989 0.963 0.961

E0701 Hartlepool UA 1.148 0.877 0.941 0.508 1.114 0.958 0.954 0.939 0.939

E1801 Herefordshire UA 1.493 1.986 0.919 0.653 1.619 0.988 0.981 0.994 0.994

E2101 Isle of Wight UA 1.260 1.377 0.936 0.703 2.480 1.005 0.993 1.045 1.049

E2002 Kingston-upon-Hull UA 1.029 0.894 0.942 0.545 1.721 0.973 0.965 0.978 0.980


23

E-code





E2401 Leicester UA 0.974 0.742 0.930 0.765 1.678 0.965 0.954 0.983 0.987

E0201 Luton UA 0.920 0.807 1.081 0.937 1.072 1.046 1.052 1.035 1.033

E2201 Medway UA 1.091 0.896 0.953 0.889 0.894 0.966 0.962 0.961 0.962

E0702 Middlesbrough UA 0.881 0.865 0.958 0.581 1.348 0.971 0.967 0.964 0.965

E0401 Milton Keynes UA 0.957 1.012 1.085 1.001 1.578 1.068 1.072 1.077 1.077

E2003 North East Lincolnshire

UA 1.076 0.863 0.896 0.588 1.737 0.946 0.934 0.960 0.964

E2004 North Lincolnshire UA 0.991 1.274 0.949 0.539 1.563 0.981 0.975 0.977 0.978

E0104 North Somerset UA 1.055 1.131 0.950 0.832 0.566 0.959 0.958 0.939 0.938

E2901 Northumberland UA 1.321 1.708 0.935 0.644 1.429 0.984 0.980 0.983 0.982

E3001 Nottingham UA 1.141 0.823 0.970 0.767 1.689 0.994 0.988 1.007 1.010

E0501 Peterborough UA 0.972 1.039 0.979 0.889 1.785 1.006 1.000 1.029 1.032

E1101 Plymouth UA 1.063 0.916 0.935 0.904 0.943 0.956 0.951 0.957 0.958

E1201 Poole UA 0.797 0.933 0.985 1.039 1.099 0.990 0.987 0.998 0.999

E1701 Portsmouth UA 0.669 0.720 1.000 0.880 0.714 0.979 0.980 0.964 0.963

E0303 Reading UA 1.243 0.895 1.065 1.231 1.021 1.047 1.052 1.054 1.053

E0703 Redcar & Cleveland UA 1.393 0.968 0.927 0.495 1.504 0.965 0.958 0.959 0.960

E2402 Rutland UA 0.994 1.995 0.922 0.729 1.806 0.988 0.979 1.006 1.007

E3202 Shropshire UA 1.387 1.861 0.912 0.725 1.604 0.980 0.972 0.991 0.992

E0304 Slough UA 1.119 0.911 1.058 1.326 0.394 1.026 1.034 1.018 1.015

E0103 South Gloucestershire UA 1.197 1.010 1.025 0.988 0.465 1.005 1.011 0.982 0.979

E1702 Southampton UA 0.739 0.726 0.977 0.932 0.360 0.958 0.959 0.936 0.935

E1501 Southend-on-Sea UA 0.834 0.774 0.947 0.813 0.411 0.941 0.940 0.917 0.917

E0704 Stockton-on-Tees UA 1.016 0.911 0.937 0.568 1.268 0.959 0.953 0.950 0.951

E3401 Stoke-on-Trent UA 0.931 0.845 0.928 0.612 1.376 0.954 0.946 0.953 0.955

E3901 Swindon UA 0.957 0.957 1.005 0.891 1.057 1.001 1.002 0.996 0.996


24

E-code





E3201 Telford & Wrekin UA 0.914 1.013 0.951 0.762 1.528 0.979 0.972 0.988 0.991

E1502 Thurrock UA 1.188 0.910 1.007 1.130 0.572 0.997 1.000 0.989 0.988

E1102 Torbay UA 0.723 0.878 0.910 0.734 1.463 0.945 0.934 0.957 0.961

E0602 Warrington UA 1.275 0.926 0.982 0.794 0.673 0.980 0.982 0.958 0.956

E0302 West Berkshire UA 1.203 1.366 1.054 1.031 1.066 1.048 1.054 1.044 1.041

E3902 Wiltshire UA 1.171 1.552 0.939 0.813 1.036 0.974 0.971 0.970 0.969

E0305 Windsor & Maidenhead

UA 1.040 1.113 1.145 1.428 0.609 1.091 1.105 1.085 1.081

E0306 Wokingham UA 1.072 1.086 1.126 1.288 0.862 1.083 1.095 1.080 1.076

E2701 York UA 1.068 1.012 0.951 1.107 1.698 0.991 0.982 1.028 1.032


25

Lower Tier Authority Indices – EXAMPLE WEIGHTS

E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Foundation Formula – Lower Tier ACA

E6356 Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Combined Authority

CA 1.183 1.181 1.016 1.089 1.487 1.055

E6348 Greater Manchester Combined Authority CA 0.807 0.723 0.986 0.818 0.565 0.939

E6349 Liverpool City Region Combined Authority CA 0.767 0.709 0.985 0.744 1.007 0.955

E6351 North East Combined Authority CA 1.028 0.947 0.970 0.704 1.066 0.965

E6350 Sheffield City Region Combined Authority CA 0.939 0.776 0.974 0.712 1.386 0.975

E6355 Tees Valley Combined Authority CA 1.025 0.789 0.948 0.596 1.191 0.945

E6353 The West Yorkshire Combined Authority CA 1.007 0.804 0.969 0.796 1.309 0.977

E6346 West Midlands Combined Authority CA 0.851 0.685 0.998 0.846 1.262 0.985

E6354 West of England Combined Authority CA 1.026 0.831 1.016 1.083 0.519 0.983

E5100 Greater London Authority GLA 0.718 0.669 1.114 1.769 0.187 1.050

E5030 Barking & Dagenham LB 0.790 0.656 1.067 1.194 0.201 0.987

E5031 Barnet LB 0.511 0.684 1.077 1.752 0.247 1.026

E5032 Bexley LB 0.646 0.660 1.036 1.048 0.227 0.957

E5033 Brent LB 0.750 0.688 1.053 1.581 0.197 1.006

E5034 Bromley LB 0.769 0.727 1.048 1.373 0.211 0.992

E5011 Camden LB 0.651 0.649 1.226 3.218 0.125 1.204

E5010 City of London LB 1.490 1.044 1.498 3.502 0.134 1.431

E5035 Croydon LB 0.828 0.667 1.066 1.336 0.199 0.998

E5036 Ealing LB 0.743 0.710 1.072 1.546 0.243 1.017

E5037 Enfield LB 0.704 0.667 1.043 1.432 0.234 0.990

E5012 Greenwich LB 0.793 0.708 1.089 1.204 0.171 1.000

E5013 Hackney LB 0.611 0.600 1.119 2.060 0.151 1.064

E5014 Hammersmith & Fulham LB 0.575 0.592 1.190 2.358 0.120 1.119

E5038 Haringey LB 0.533 0.613 1.050 1.649 0.141 0.996

E5039 Harrow LB 0.526 0.648 1.038 1.443 0.182 0.979


26


E5040 Havering LB 0.903 0.742 1.058 1.289 0.278 1.000

E5041 Hillingdon LB 0.770 0.812 1.157 1.546 0.244 1.069

E5042 Hounslow LB 1.008 0.775 1.198 1.593 0.215 1.099

E5015 Islington LB 0.593 0.604 1.260 2.460 0.136 1.165

E5016 Kensington & Chelsea LB 1.042 0.627 1.193 4.067 0.156 1.260

E5043 Kingston-upon-Thames LB 0.811 0.720 1.090 1.559 0.194 1.028

E5017 Lambeth LB 0.699 0.616 1.197 1.821 0.171 1.093

E5018 Lewisham LB 0.766 0.642 1.100 1.267 0.178 1.007

E5044 Merton LB 0.667 0.692 1.081 1.474 0.180 1.010

E5045 Newham LB 0.574 0.626 1.071 1.563 0.146 1.003

E5046 Redbridge LB 0.625 0.610 0.966 1.402 0.183 0.939

E5047 Richmond-upon-Thames LB 0.599 0.759 1.133 1.810 0.193 1.063

E5019 Southwark LB 0.810 0.638 1.225 1.939 0.186 1.122

E5048 Sutton LB 0.663 0.657 1.029 1.166 0.157 0.958

E5020 Tower Hamlets LB 0.835 0.633 1.358 2.149 0.157 1.207

E5049 Waltham Forest LB 0.762 0.717 1.017 1.430 0.149 0.975

E5021 Wandsworth LB 0.607 0.625 1.112 1.752 0.167 1.040

E5022 Westminster LB 0.913 0.606 1.328 4.746 0.150 1.374

E4401 Barnsley MD 1.148 0.839 0.976 0.652 1.347 0.979

E4601 Birmingham MD 0.784 0.661 1.022 0.935 1.219 0.998

E4201 Bolton MD 1.094 0.733 0.959 0.726 0.714 0.935

E4701 Bradford MD 1.173 0.751 0.961 0.688 1.326 0.969

E4202 Bury MD 0.915 0.751 0.976 0.813 0.755 0.948

E4702 Calderdale MD 1.108 0.946 0.945 0.650 1.274 0.961

E4602 Coventry MD 1.182 0.633 1.036 0.838 1.345 1.017

E4402 Doncaster MD 1.075 0.840 0.948 0.655 1.357 0.962

E4603 Dudley MD 0.699 0.710 0.933 0.717 1.265 0.938


27


E4501 Gateshead MD 0.991 0.809 0.948 0.797 0.978 0.948

E4703 Kirklees MD 1.048 0.838 0.914 0.656 1.292 0.939

E4301 Knowsley MD 0.797 0.744 1.048 0.700 0.869 0.981

E4704 Leeds MD 0.865 0.759 1.003 0.989 1.315 1.004

E4302 Liverpool MD 0.730 0.682 1.014 0.803 0.994 0.972

E4203 Manchester MD 0.689 0.634 1.040 1.068 0.402 0.970

E4502 Newcastle-upon-Tyne MD 0.792 0.711 1.021 0.936 0.979 0.987

E4503 North Tyneside MD 0.836 0.771 0.979 0.720 1.000 0.954

E4204 Oldham MD 0.596 0.685 0.918 0.673 0.768 0.896

E4205 Rochdale MD 0.870 0.751 0.960 0.692 0.821 0.933

E4403 Rotherham MD 0.886 0.754 0.967 0.643 1.404 0.965

E4206 Salford MD 0.927 0.736 1.004 0.800 0.400 0.943

E4604 Sandwell MD 0.873 0.678 0.943 0.699 1.279 0.946

E4304 Sefton MD 0.756 0.685 0.941 0.736 1.197 0.940

E4404 Sheffield MD 0.803 0.726 0.990 0.800 1.409 0.985

E4605 Solihull MD 0.805 0.811 1.098 1.117 1.246 1.061

E4504 South Tyneside MD 1.090 0.778 0.920 0.613 0.957 0.920

E4303 St Helens MD 1.002 0.790 0.949 0.728 0.762 0.932

E4207 Stockport MD 0.762 0.782 0.988 0.776 0.418 0.931

E4505 Sunderland MD 1.033 0.738 0.987 0.711 0.996 0.963

E4208 Tameside MD 0.769 0.736 0.959 0.671 0.635 0.918

E4209 Trafford MD 0.728 0.696 1.013 0.942 0.201 0.940

E4705 Wakefield MD 0.962 0.860 0.986 0.787 1.313 0.987

E4606 Walsall MD 0.815 0.716 0.952 0.719 1.281 0.952

E4210 Wigan MD 0.827 0.801 0.976 0.732 0.756 0.942

E4305 Wirral MD 0.706 0.672 0.955 0.701 1.156 0.941

E4607 Wolverhampton MD 0.918 0.701 0.961 0.727 1.296 0.961


28


E3831 Adur SD 0.960 0.806 0.946 0.936 1.254 0.970

E0931 Allerdale SD 0.919 1.708 0.942 0.631 1.047 0.970

E1031 Amber Valley SD 0.779 1.014 1.012 0.687 1.434 1.002

E3832 Arun SD 0.889 0.837 0.932 0.965 1.127 0.957

E3031 Ashfield SD 0.809 0.811 0.981 0.666 1.334 0.970

E2231 Ashford SD 1.452 1.212 0.981 1.007 0.997 1.013

E0431 Aylesbury Vale SD 1.088 1.156 1.045 0.981 1.004 1.034

E3531 Babergh SD 1.450 1.610 0.933 0.777 1.248 0.997

E0932 Barrow-in-Furness SD 0.924 0.787 1.024 0.554 1.986 1.023

E1531 Basildon SD 0.804 0.774 1.025 1.175 0.304 0.974

E1731 Basingstoke & Deane SD 1.266 1.068 1.073 1.105 0.724 1.045

E3032 Bassetlaw SD 1.044 1.179 0.956 0.636 1.195 0.969

E2431 Blaby SD 1.230 0.869 0.993 0.881 1.463 1.014

E1032 Bolsover SD 1.071 1.042 0.956 0.636 1.145 0.962

E2531 Boston SD 1.101 1.138 0.927 0.689 1.731 0.985

E1532 Braintree SD 0.978 1.234 0.922 0.935 0.784 0.949

E2631 Breckland SD 0.996 1.531 0.898 0.745 1.547 0.974

E1533 Brentwood SD 0.852 0.914 1.052 1.291 0.477 1.013

E2632 Broadland SD 2.009 1.276 0.946 0.828 1.385 1.019

E1831 Bromsgrove SD 0.868 0.996 1.001 0.852 1.270 1.000

E1931 Broxbourne SD 0.723 0.695 1.030 1.176 0.609 0.987

E3033 Broxtowe SD 0.984 0.837 0.996 0.721 1.447 0.995

E2333 Burnley SD 1.063 0.693 0.966 0.570 1.259 0.954

E0531 Cambridge SD 0.815 1.032 1.107 1.738 1.308 1.122

E3431 Cannock Chase SD 0.675 0.733 0.948 0.765 1.385 0.955

E2232 Canterbury SD 0.983 0.970 0.972 1.090 1.236 1.002

E0933 Carlisle SD 1.350 1.143 0.965 0.651 1.525 1.000


29


E1534 Castle Point SD 0.813 0.757 0.945 0.912 0.295 0.911

E2432 Charnwood SD 1.225 0.904 0.960 0.814 1.437 0.991

E1535 Chelmsford SD 1.236 0.904 0.994 1.249 0.432 0.987

E1631 Cheltenham SD 0.879 0.707 1.002 1.030 0.840 0.979

E3131 Cherwell SD 0.998 1.156 1.055 1.054 1.177 1.051

E1033 Chesterfield SD 1.113 0.771 0.970 0.825 1.187 0.975

E3833 Chichester SD 1.010 1.465 0.983 1.139 0.925 1.016

E0432 Chiltern SD 0.826 0.993 1.042 1.081 0.506 0.997

E2334 Chorley SD 1.159 0.891 0.905 0.648 0.943 0.920

E1232 Christchurch SD 0.627 0.845 0.995 1.132 0.781 0.977

E1536 Colchester SD 1.487 0.948 0.988 0.973 0.913 0.999

E0934 Copeland SD 1.390 1.412 1.110 0.580 1.233 1.077

E2831 Corby SD 0.815 0.823 0.981 0.738 1.582 0.990

E1632 Cotswold SD 1.086 1.901 0.987 0.991 1.096 1.038

E2731 Craven SD 1.252 1.793 0.921 0.769 1.444 1.002

E3834 Crawley SD 1.020 0.696 1.091 1.346 0.758 1.049

E1932 Dacorum SD 0.826 0.874 1.055 1.223 0.751 1.022

E2233 Dartford SD 0.968 0.808 1.048 1.420 0.400 1.015

E2832 Daventry SD 1.446 1.430 1.021 0.813 1.505 1.058

E1035 Derbyshire Dales SD 1.173 1.869 0.917 0.848 1.440 1.005

E2234 Dover SD 1.041 1.121 0.972 0.809 1.366 0.997

E0532 East Cambridgeshire SD 1.401 1.378 1.001 0.968 1.551 1.056

E1131 East Devon SD 0.937 1.395 0.922 0.855 1.464 0.985

E1233 East Dorset SD 0.826 1.137 0.989 1.045 0.750 0.984

E1732 East Hampshire SD 0.955 1.166 1.006 1.051 0.797 1.002

E1933 East Hertfordshire SD 0.947 1.139 1.003 1.167 0.859 1.010

E2532 East Lindsey SD 1.367 1.840 0.921 0.582 1.582 1.001


30


E2833 East Northamptonshire SD 1.114 1.224 0.932 0.715 1.558 0.984

E3432 East Staffordshire SD 1.211 1.027 0.997 0.833 1.377 1.014

E1432 Eastbourne SD 0.901 0.679 0.980 0.954 1.372 0.989

E1733 Eastleigh SD 0.892 0.821 1.032 1.105 0.226 0.973

E0935 Eden SD 1.670 2.754 0.957 0.621 1.766 1.082

E3631 Elmbridge SD 0.598 0.900 1.094 1.420 0.323 1.028

E1537 Epping Forest SD 0.902 0.990 1.079 1.216 0.490 1.029

E3632 Epsom & Ewell SD 0.826 0.812 1.010 1.436 0.316 0.987

E1036 Erewash SD 0.972 0.805 0.925 0.653 1.477 0.951

E1132 Exeter SD 0.931 0.840 0.977 1.076 1.226 0.996

E1734 Fareham SD 1.252 0.771 1.046 1.056 0.494 1.001

E0533 Fenland SD 0.729 1.111 0.933 0.728 1.695 0.977

E2240 Folkestone and Hythe District Council SD 1.264 1.062 0.947 0.801 1.172 0.976

E3532 Forest Heath SD 1.124 1.305 0.982 0.839 1.494 1.021

E1633 Forest of Dean SD 0.938 1.583 0.913 0.634 0.843 0.939

E2335 Fylde SD 0.697 0.911 1.022 0.713 1.306 0.995

E3034 Gedling SD 0.702 0.857 0.969 0.765 1.565 0.982

E1634 Gloucester SD 1.369 0.758 0.981 0.801 0.722 0.962

E1735 Gosport SD 0.831 0.692 0.930 0.881 0.690 0.920

E2236 Gravesham SD 1.010 0.789 0.991 0.917 0.590 0.959

E2633 Great Yarmouth SD 1.008 0.877 0.978 0.617 1.282 0.971

E3633 Guildford SD 1.287 1.195 1.099 1.549 0.677 1.095

E2732 Hambleton SD 0.920 1.691 0.946 0.776 1.505 1.006

E2433 Harborough SD 1.132 1.264 1.012 0.901 1.537 1.044

E1538 Harlow SD 1.020 0.762 1.047 1.115 0.699 1.008

E2753 Harrogate SD 1.158 1.266 0.954 0.941 1.499 1.012

E1736 Hart SD 0.862 0.964 1.090 1.189 0.746 1.044


31


E1433 Hastings SD 0.780 0.697 0.955 0.724 1.359 0.956

E1737 Havant SD 0.589 0.784 1.022 0.954 0.689 0.971

E1934 Hertsmere SD 0.590 0.854 1.061 1.287 0.479 1.007

E1037 High Peak SD 1.145 1.079 0.932 0.752 0.907 0.947

E2434 Hinckley & Bosworth SD 1.349 0.969 0.965 0.777 1.416 0.996

E3835 Horsham SD 1.139 1.185 0.993 1.100 1.009 1.015

E0551 Huntingdonshire SD 1.147 1.215 0.959 0.963 1.526 1.016

E2336 Hyndburn SD 0.928 0.753 0.925 0.523 1.188 0.923

E3533 Ipswich SD 1.260 0.688 0.971 0.858 1.357 0.988

E2834 Kettering SD 0.872 0.914 0.956 0.715 1.564 0.979

E2634 King's Lynn & West Norfolk SD 1.524 1.544 0.956 0.735 1.657 1.029

E2337 Lancaster SD 0.950 0.928 0.934 0.615 1.556 0.962

E1435 Lewes SD 0.948 1.016 0.948 1.039 1.393 0.994

E3433 Lichfield SD 1.177 1.027 0.959 0.924 1.333 0.996

E2533 Lincoln SD 1.049 0.846 0.944 0.899 1.530 0.985

E2237 Maidstone SD 1.357 1.133 0.979 1.066 0.726 0.995

E1539 Maldon SD 1.715 1.377 1.031 0.860 0.581 1.025

E1851 Malvern Hills SD 1.241 1.497 0.943 0.759 1.247 0.991

E3035 Mansfield SD 1.140 0.808 0.928 0.675 1.361 0.953

E2436 Melton SD 1.142 1.468 0.949 0.753 1.579 1.008

E3331 Mendip SD 0.865 1.329 0.969 0.868 1.114 0.989

E1133 Mid Devon SD 1.157 1.736 0.955 0.714 1.261 1.003

E3534 Mid Suffolk SD 1.731 1.758 0.876 0.742 1.447 0.985

E3836 Mid Sussex SD 0.803 1.013 1.006 1.118 0.952 1.004

E3634 Mole Valley SD 0.925 1.185 1.097 1.316 0.570 1.059

E1738 New Forest SD 0.810 1.072 0.996 1.001 0.607 0.974

E3036 Newark & Sherwood SD 1.194 1.218 0.894 0.724 1.509 0.963


32


E3434 Newcastle-under-Lyme SD 1.127 0.872 0.970 0.725 1.106 0.968

E1134 North Devon SD 1.255 1.707 0.957 0.752 1.673 1.031

E1234 North Dorset SD 1.217 1.730 0.971 0.809 1.257 1.021

E1038 North East Derbyshire SD 0.925 1.076 0.907 0.712 1.156 0.938

E1935 North Hertfordshire SD 0.875 0.973 0.998 1.064 1.095 1.003

E2534 North Kesteven SD 1.866 1.523 0.930 0.762 1.586 1.021

E2635 North Norfolk SD 1.206 1.831 0.922 0.750 1.358 0.997

E3731 North Warwickshire SD 1.138 1.248 1.079 0.896 1.310 1.069

E2437 North West Leicestershire SD 1.120 1.108 0.964 0.804 1.346 0.992

E2835 Northampton SD 0.896 0.721 1.013 0.814 1.511 1.006

E2636 Norwich SD 1.200 0.753 0.934 1.018 1.446 0.984

E3732 Nuneaton & Bedworth SD 1.025 0.786 0.946 0.812 1.351 0.968

E2438 Oadby & Wigston SD 0.608 0.791 0.985 0.813 1.512 0.985

E3132 Oxford SD 0.604 0.858 1.104 1.661 0.973 1.083

E2338 Pendle SD 0.579 0.773 0.985 0.485 1.285 0.949

E2339 Preston SD 1.412 0.837 0.984 0.698 1.094 0.980

E1236 Purbeck SD 1.067 1.422 0.897 0.880 1.228 0.964

E1835 Redditch SD 0.933 0.774 0.978 0.910 1.285 0.985

E3635 Reigate & Banstead SD 0.796 0.925 1.061 1.263 0.474 1.015

E2340 Ribble Valley SD 1.350 1.333 1.009 0.652 1.241 1.019

E2734 Richmondshire SD 1.451 2.351 0.965 0.725 1.519 1.058

E1540 Rochford SD 1.012 0.911 0.930 0.978 0.219 0.915

E2341 Rossendale SD 0.687 0.940 0.927 0.508 1.072 0.918

E1436 Rother SD 1.061 1.277 0.938 0.806 1.275 0.979

E3733 Rugby SD 1.159 0.934 1.060 0.875 1.480 1.052

E3636 Runnymede SD 0.717 0.944 1.166 1.425 0.409 1.078

E3038 Rushcliffe SD 1.253 1.113 0.935 0.790 1.519 0.988


33


E1740 Rushmoor SD 0.743 0.719 1.123 1.080 0.705 1.037

E2755 Ryedale SD 1.204 2.009 0.922 0.761 1.626 1.018

E2736 Scarborough SD 1.177 1.110 0.921 0.805 1.728 0.990

E3332 Sedgemoor SD 1.231 1.318 0.930 0.800 0.758 0.954

E2757 Selby SD 1.255 1.424 0.978 0.747 1.419 1.017

E2239 Sevenoaks SD 1.018 1.205 1.027 1.147 0.443 1.005

E0434 South Bucks SD 0.837 1.134 1.097 1.279 0.300 1.037

E0536 South Cambridgeshire SD 2.038 1.548 1.096 1.172 1.295 1.142

E1039 South Derbyshire SD 1.477 1.075 0.970 0.783 1.395 1.006

E1136 South Hams SD 1.166 1.959 0.896 0.972 1.058 0.984

E2535 South Holland SD 1.187 1.324 0.940 0.674 1.691 0.999

E2536 South Kesteven SD 0.962 1.146 0.927 0.844 1.638 0.987

E0936 South Lakeland SD 1.496 1.968 0.958 0.818 1.758 1.059

E2637 South Norfolk SD 1.502 1.631 0.972 0.793 1.429 1.034

E2836 South Northamptonshire SD 1.262 1.465 0.986 0.827 1.402 1.029

E3133 South Oxfordshire SD 0.953 1.330 0.986 1.120 0.899 1.008

E2342 South Ribble SD 0.956 0.873 0.963 0.737 1.052 0.958

E3334 South Somerset SD 1.170 1.381 0.942 0.781 1.327 0.990

E3435 South Staffordshire SD 1.097 1.021 0.974 0.785 1.312 0.991

E3637 Spelthorne SD 0.795 0.873 1.123 1.284 0.230 1.035

E1936 St Albans SD 0.888 0.920 1.018 1.468 0.765 1.024

E3535 St Edmundsbury SD 1.185 1.318 0.966 0.885 1.477 1.017

E3436 Stafford SD 1.203 1.151 0.967 0.838 1.345 1.001

E3437 Staffordshire Moorlands SD 0.968 1.308 0.901 0.660 1.218 0.943

E1937 Stevenage SD 0.850 0.716 1.044 1.158 0.964 1.016

E3734 Stratford-on-Avon SD 1.351 1.565 1.040 0.989 1.440 1.081

E1635 Stroud SD 1.143 1.219 0.958 0.752 0.645 0.954


34


E3536 Suffolk Coastal SD 1.470 1.429 1.000 0.740 1.370 1.034

E3638 Surrey Heath SD 1.103 0.956 1.027 1.192 0.586 1.008

E2241 Swale SD 1.079 1.019 0.953 0.885 1.058 0.972

E3439 Tamworth SD 0.962 0.818 0.975 0.983 1.323 0.993

E3639 Tandridge SD 0.959 1.133 1.025 1.130 0.506 1.002

E3333 Taunton Deane SD 1.077 1.210 0.872 0.902 0.994 0.932

E1137 Teignbridge SD 1.388 1.392 0.915 0.858 1.287 0.984

E1542 Tendring SD 1.194 1.010 0.921 0.728 1.206 0.954

E1742 Test Valley SD 1.171 1.199 0.970 1.032 0.548 0.975

E1636 Tewkesbury SD 1.524 1.195 1.072 0.929 0.885 1.055

E2242 Thanet SD 0.693 0.740 0.958 0.739 1.456 0.963

E1938 Three Rivers SD 1.079 0.857 1.113 1.348 0.433 1.053

E2243 Tonbridge & Malling SD 1.105 1.076 1.007 1.167 0.572 1.000

E1139 Torridge SD 1.230 1.999 0.924 0.639 1.596 1.010

E2244 Tunbridge Wells SD 1.224 1.098 0.958 1.188 0.820 0.991

E1544 Uttlesford SD 1.178 1.546 1.044 1.065 0.908 1.054

E3134 Vale of White Horse SD 0.986 1.219 1.091 1.036 1.164 1.071

E3735 Warwick SD 0.914 0.857 1.053 1.068 1.428 1.048

E1939 Watford SD 0.971 0.840 0.971 1.330 0.492 0.973

E3537 Waveney SD 0.982 1.055 0.930 0.670 1.376 0.960

E3640 Waverley SD 0.938 1.234 1.027 1.334 0.890 1.041

E1437 Wealden SD 0.960 1.257 0.931 0.942 1.222 0.979

E2837 Wellingborough SD 0.941 0.911 0.982 0.738 1.517 0.993

E1940 Welwyn Hatfield SD 0.711 0.765 1.096 1.228 0.726 1.035

E1140 West Devon SD 1.336 2.109 0.899 0.811 1.097 0.988

E1237 West Dorset SD 1.061 1.629 0.960 0.894 1.467 1.022

E2343 West Lancashire SD 1.109 0.969 0.995 0.698 1.018 0.979


35


E2537 West Lindsey SD 1.378 1.617 0.926 0.598 1.482 0.992

E3135 West Oxfordshire SD 0.893 1.353 0.954 1.069 1.330 1.008

E3335 West Somerset SD 1.968 2.182 1.004 0.709 1.455 1.088

E1238 Weymouth & Portland SD 1.207 0.919 0.831 0.852 1.553 0.928

E1743 Winchester SD 1.175 1.288 1.011 1.206 0.415 1.007

E3641 Woking SD 0.763 0.850 1.161 1.274 0.541 1.069

E1837 Worcester SD 1.084 0.797 0.971 0.903 1.199 0.982

E3837 Worthing SD 0.631 0.641 0.972 1.012 1.354 0.979

E1838 Wychavon SD 0.982 1.327 0.930 0.841 1.208 0.974

E0435 Wycombe SD 1.109 1.036 1.080 1.147 0.510 1.034

E2344 Wyre SD 0.898 0.924 0.921 0.662 1.417 0.949

E1839 Wyre Forest SD 0.774 0.929 0.892 0.731 1.328 0.930

E0101 Bath & North East Somerset UA 1.312 1.111 0.979 1.233 0.856 1.011

E0202 Bedford UA 1.459 1.037 0.999 0.922 1.430 1.032

E2301 Blackburn with Darwen UA 0.981 0.748 0.933 0.578 1.088 0.928

E2302 Blackpool UA 0.792 0.573 0.937 0.621 1.340 0.934

E1202 Bournemouth UA 0.654 0.638 0.979 0.999 0.846 0.956

E0301 Bracknell Forest UA 0.937 0.840 1.147 1.267 0.675 1.073

E1401 Brighton & Hove UA 0.959 0.674 0.994 1.412 1.222 1.023

E0102 Bristol UA 0.852 0.687 1.015 1.029 0.444 0.963

E0203 Central Bedfordshire UA 0.914 1.039 1.022 0.941 1.157 1.015

E0603 Cheshire East UA 0.945 1.042 0.990 0.857 0.827 0.975

E0604 Cheshire West & Chester UA 1.054 1.053 1.002 0.870 0.910 0.991

E0801 Cornwall UA 1.189 1.604 0.910 0.874 1.674 1.006

E1301 Darlington UA 1.042 0.794 0.907 0.631 1.308 0.932

E1001 Derby UA 1.424 0.738 1.052 0.799 1.481 1.042

E1302 Durham UA 1.105 1.033 0.965 0.557 1.121 0.961


36


E2001 East Riding of Yorkshire UA 1.132 1.236 0.934 0.641 1.550 0.981

E0601 Halton UA 0.715 0.803 1.019 0.717 0.779 0.962

E0701 Hartlepool UA 1.071 0.762 0.957 0.551 0.987 0.936

E1801 Herefordshire UA 1.394 1.725 0.934 0.708 1.435 1.006

E2101 Isle of Wight UA 1.176 1.196 0.951 0.762 2.197 1.032

E2002 Kingston-upon-Hull UA 0.960 0.776 0.957 0.590 1.525 0.965

E2401 Leicester UA 0.909 0.644 0.945 0.829 1.487 0.967

E0201 Luton UA 0.858 0.701 1.099 1.016 0.950 1.035

E2201 Medway UA 1.018 0.779 0.968 0.964 0.792 0.961

E0702 Middlesbrough UA 0.822 0.751 0.974 0.630 1.195 0.955

E0401 Milton Keynes UA 0.893 0.880 1.103 1.085 1.398 1.075

E2003 North East Lincolnshire UA 1.004 0.749 0.910 0.637 1.539 0.944

E2004 North Lincolnshire UA 0.925 1.107 0.964 0.584 1.385 0.974

E0104 North Somerset UA 0.985 0.982 0.966 0.901 0.501 0.947

E2901 Northumberland UA 1.233 1.484 0.950 0.698 1.267 0.991

E3001 Nottingham UA 1.065 0.715 0.985 0.831 1.496 0.996

E0501 Peterborough UA 0.907 0.903 0.995 0.964 1.582 1.019

E1101 Plymouth UA 0.992 0.796 0.951 0.979 0.836 0.954

E1201 Poole UA 0.744 0.810 1.001 1.126 0.974 0.993

E1701 Portsmouth UA 0.624 0.625 1.017 0.953 0.633 0.959

E0303 Reading UA 1.160 0.777 1.082 1.334 0.905 1.059

E0703 Redcar & Cleveland UA 1.300 0.841 0.942 0.536 1.333 0.955

E2402 Rutland UA 0.928 1.734 0.936 0.790 1.601 1.008

E3202 Shropshire UA 1.295 1.617 0.927 0.785 1.421 0.999

E0304 Slough UA 1.044 0.792 1.075 1.437 0.349 1.030

E0103 South Gloucestershire UA 1.118 0.877 1.041 1.071 0.412 0.995

E1702 Southampton UA 0.689 0.631 0.993 1.010 0.319 0.936


37


E1501 Southend-on-Sea UA 0.778 0.672 0.962 0.881 0.364 0.918

E0704 Stockton-on-Tees UA 0.948 0.792 0.952 0.615 1.123 0.943

E3401 Stoke-on-Trent UA 0.869 0.734 0.943 0.663 1.219 0.942

E3901 Swindon UA 0.894 0.832 1.022 0.966 0.937 0.996

E3201 Telford & Wrekin UA 0.853 0.880 0.967 0.826 1.354 0.979

E1502 Thurrock UA 1.108 0.791 1.023 1.225 0.507 0.997

E1102 Torbay UA 0.674 0.763 0.925 0.796 1.297 0.941

E0602 Warrington UA 1.190 0.804 0.998 0.860 0.596 0.965

E0302 West Berkshire UA 1.123 1.187 1.071 1.117 0.944 1.057

E3902 Wiltshire UA 1.093 1.348 0.954 0.881 0.918 0.979

E0305 Windsor & Maidenhead UA 0.971 0.967 1.163 1.547 0.540 1.102

E0306 Wokingham UA 1.000 0.943 1.144 1.396 0.764 1.093

E2701 York UA 0.997 0.879 0.966 1.199 1.505 1.017

E6201 East London Waste WASTE

0.704 0.654 1.039 1.387 0.196 0.982

E6202 Greater Manchester Waste WASTE

0.807 0.723 0.986 0.818 0.565 0.939

E6204 Merseyside Waste WASTE

0.771 0.700 0.982 0.747 1.028 0.955

E6205 North London Waste WASTE

0.620 0.651 1.105 1.949 0.176 1.053

E6207 West London Waste WASTE

0.743 0.731 1.106 1.576 0.215 1.037

E6206 Western Riverside Waste WASTE

0.700 0.616 1.167 2.253 0.158 1.107


38

Upper Tier Authorities – ALTERNATIVE EXAMPLE WEIGHTS

E-code Authority Class Dispersal Traversal LCA RCA Remoteness Adult Social Care ACA




E5030 Barking & Dagenham LB 0.847 0.755 1.050 1.102 0.227 0.914 0.943 0.952 0.948

E5031 Barnet LB 0.548 0.787 1.060 1.617 0.278 0.931 0.958 0.999 0.997

E5032 Bexley LB 0.692 0.759 1.020 0.967 0.256 0.894 0.921 0.927 0.924

E5033 Brent LB 0.803 0.792 1.036 1.459 0.222 0.911 0.938 0.973 0.971

E5034 Bromley LB 0.824 0.837 1.031 1.267 0.238 0.908 0.935 0.958 0.955

E5011 Camden LB 0.698 0.747 1.207 2.969 0.141 1.027 1.066 1.165 1.165

E5010 City of London LB 1.596 1.202 1.474 3.232 0.152 1.233 1.299 1.349 1.337

E5035 Croydon LB 0.887 0.767 1.049 1.233 0.225 0.916 0.945 0.963 0.959

E5036 Ealing LB 0.796 0.818 1.055 1.427 0.275 0.930 0.957 0.985 0.983

E5037 Enfield LB 0.754 0.768 1.026 1.321 0.264 0.907 0.932 0.960 0.958

E5012 Greenwich LB 0.849 0.815 1.072 1.111 0.192 0.924 0.957 0.962 0.956

E5013 Hackney LB 0.654 0.691 1.101 1.901 0.170 0.946 0.978 1.031 1.029

E5014 Hammersmith & Fulham LB 0.616 0.681 1.171 2.176 0.136 0.987 1.026 1.082 1.079

E5038 Haringey LB 0.571 0.706 1.033 1.522 0.159 0.895 0.923 0.966 0.964

E5039 Harrow LB 0.563 0.745 1.021 1.331 0.205 0.892 0.918 0.950 0.948

E5040 Havering LB 0.967 0.854 1.041 1.189 0.313 0.927 0.953 0.967 0.963

E5041 Hillingdon LB 0.825 0.935 1.139 1.427 0.275 0.985 1.020 1.029 1.024

E5042 Hounslow LB 1.080 0.892 1.179 1.469 0.243 1.009 1.050 1.053 1.045

E5015 Islington LB 0.635 0.695 1.240 2.269 0.154 1.034 1.078 1.125 1.121

E5016 Kensington & Chelsea LB 1.117 0.722 1.174 3.753 0.175 1.033 1.065 1.221 1.225

E5043 Kingston-upon-Thames LB 0.869 0.829 1.073 1.439 0.219 0.935 0.966 0.991 0.987

E5017 Lambeth LB 0.749 0.709 1.178 1.680 0.192 0.994 1.034 1.055 1.049

E5018 Lewisham LB 0.821 0.739 1.083 1.169 0.201 0.930 0.964 0.970 0.965

E5044 Merton LB 0.715 0.797 1.064 1.360 0.204 0.922 0.953 0.976 0.973


39





E5045 Newham LB 0.615 0.721 1.054 1.442 0.164 0.908 0.938 0.971 0.968

E5046 Redbridge LB 0.670 0.702 0.950 1.294 0.207 0.849 0.869 0.913 0.913

E5047 Richmond-upon-Thames LB 0.642 0.874 1.115 1.670 0.218 0.961 0.995 1.027 1.024

E5019 Southwark LB 0.868 0.734 1.205 1.789 0.210 1.018 1.060 1.081 1.075

E5048 Sutton LB 0.711 0.756 1.012 1.076 0.177 0.881 0.908 0.925 0.922

E5020 Tower Hamlets LB 0.894 0.728 1.336 1.983 0.177 1.098 1.151 1.157 1.148

E5049 Waltham Forest LB 0.817 0.826 1.001 1.319 0.168 0.880 0.907 0.941 0.938

E5021 Wandsworth LB 0.650 0.720 1.094 1.616 0.189 0.940 0.972 1.007 1.004

E5022 Westminster LB 0.978 0.698 1.306 4.379 0.170 1.122 1.163 1.332 1.335

E4401 Barnsley MD 1.230 0.966 0.961 0.601 1.521 1.047 1.027 1.001 1.003

E4601 Birmingham MD 0.840 0.761 1.005 0.863 1.376 1.047 1.034 1.021 1.023

E4201 Bolton MD 1.173 0.844 0.944 0.670 0.806 0.931 0.934 0.927 0.926

E4701 Bradford MD 1.257 0.864 0.946 0.635 1.497 1.033 1.012 0.993 0.995

E4202 Bury MD 0.981 0.865 0.961 0.750 0.852 0.947 0.949 0.944 0.944

E4702 Calderdale MD 1.187 1.089 0.930 0.600 1.437 1.018 0.998 0.980 0.982

E4602 Coventry MD 1.266 0.728 1.020 0.774 1.518 1.082 1.066 1.040 1.042

E4402 Doncaster MD 1.152 0.967 0.933 0.604 1.531 1.030 1.007 0.988 0.991

E4603 Dudley MD 0.749 0.817 0.918 0.661 1.428 0.998 0.976 0.967 0.972

E4501 Gateshead MD 1.062 0.931 0.933 0.736 1.104 0.968 0.960 0.956 0.957

E4703 Kirklees MD 1.123 0.964 0.899 0.605 1.458 0.998 0.974 0.964 0.967

E4301 Knowsley MD 0.854 0.856 1.031 0.646 0.981 1.005 1.009 0.981 0.979

E4704 Leeds MD 0.927 0.874 0.987 0.913 1.485 1.057 1.039 1.030 1.033

E4302 Liverpool MD 0.782 0.785 0.998 0.741 1.122 1.004 0.999 0.983 0.984

E4203 Manchester MD 0.738 0.730 1.023 0.985 0.454 0.925 0.945 0.950 0.947

E4502 Newcastle-upon-Tyne MD 0.848 0.818 1.005 0.863 1.104 1.009 1.006 0.996 0.997

E4503 North Tyneside MD 0.896 0.888 0.963 0.665 1.129 0.986 0.979 0.964 0.965


40





E4204 Oldham MD 0.639 0.789 0.904 0.621 0.866 0.905 0.901 0.902 0.903

E4205 Rochdale MD 0.932 0.865 0.945 0.638 0.926 0.945 0.944 0.934 0.934

E4403 Rotherham MD 0.949 0.868 0.951 0.593 1.585 1.043 1.020 0.997 1.000

E4206 Salford MD 0.993 0.847 0.988 0.738 0.452 0.905 0.924 0.918 0.915

E4604 Sandwell MD 0.935 0.781 0.928 0.645 1.444 1.008 0.987 0.974 0.978

E4304 Sefton MD 0.810 0.788 0.926 0.679 1.351 0.992 0.974 0.966 0.969

E4404 Sheffield MD 0.860 0.835 0.975 0.738 1.590 1.059 1.037 1.018 1.022

E4605 Solihull MD 0.863 0.933 1.081 1.030 1.406 1.105 1.098 1.078 1.078

E4504 South Tyneside MD 1.168 0.895 0.906 0.566 1.080 0.946 0.937 0.927 0.928

E4303 St Helens MD 1.074 0.909 0.934 0.671 0.860 0.932 0.932 0.927 0.927

E4207 Stockport MD 0.816 0.900 0.972 0.716 0.472 0.897 0.913 0.909 0.907

E4505 Sunderland MD 1.106 0.849 0.972 0.656 1.124 0.993 0.987 0.970 0.970

E4208 Tameside MD 0.824 0.847 0.944 0.619 0.716 0.912 0.917 0.910 0.909

E4209 Trafford MD 0.780 0.801 0.996 0.869 0.227 0.876 0.902 0.908 0.904

E4705 Wakefield MD 1.031 0.990 0.970 0.726 1.482 1.046 1.028 1.010 1.012

E4606 Walsall MD 0.873 0.825 0.937 0.664 1.446 1.013 0.993 0.980 0.983

E4210 Wigan MD 0.886 0.922 0.961 0.676 0.853 0.946 0.948 0.938 0.938

E4305 Wirral MD 0.757 0.773 0.940 0.647 1.304 0.992 0.977 0.964 0.967

E4607 Wolverhampton MD 0.983 0.807 0.946 0.671 1.463 1.023 1.003 0.988 0.991

E0421 Buckinghamshire SC 1.088 1.249 1.046 1.007 0.748 1.000 1.014 1.006 1.002

E0521 Cambridgeshire SC 1.359 1.458 1.006 1.040 1.645 1.114 1.094 1.082 1.084

E0920 Cumbria SC 1.370 1.825 0.970 0.605 1.724 1.102 1.079 1.043 1.044

E1021 Derbyshire SC 1.144 1.215 0.936 0.676 1.442 1.025 1.006 0.991 0.993

E1121 Devon SC 1.233 1.772 0.918 0.789 1.514 1.039 1.017 1.008 1.010

E1221 Dorset SC 1.083 1.517 0.930 0.859 1.340 1.015 0.999 0.997 0.999

E1421 East Sussex SC 1.001 1.167 0.934 0.833 1.483 1.029 1.007 1.003 1.006


41





E1521 Essex SC 1.178 1.137 0.978 0.966 0.709 0.950 0.959 0.964 0.962

E1620 Gloucestershire SC 1.242 1.347 0.970 0.790 0.927 0.978 0.980 0.971 0.969

E1721 Hampshire SC 1.041 1.127 1.011 0.979 0.676 0.963 0.976 0.976 0.973

E1920 Hertfordshire SC 0.907 1.013 1.021 1.148 0.831 0.990 0.997 1.005 1.004

E2221 Kent SC 1.180 1.176 0.966 0.938 1.038 0.990 0.987 0.988 0.988

E2321 Lancashire SC 1.073 1.026 0.944 0.585 1.360 1.012 0.996 0.975 0.977

E2421 Leicestershire SC 1.244 1.173 0.959 0.760 1.641 1.070 1.046 1.028 1.031

E2520 Lincolnshire SC 1.372 1.582 0.915 0.668 1.807 1.075 1.043 1.024 1.027

E2620 Norfolk SC 1.462 1.557 0.928 0.730 1.645 1.062 1.037 1.021 1.023

E2721 North Yorkshire SC 1.263 1.766 0.930 0.751 1.734 1.078 1.050 1.033 1.036

E2820 Northamptonshire SC 1.097 1.163 0.971 0.715 1.712 1.085 1.059 1.035 1.038

E3021 Nottinghamshire SC 1.088 1.124 0.936 0.656 1.601 1.045 1.020 1.002 1.005

E3120 Oxfordshire SC 0.943 1.344 1.026 1.111 1.237 1.059 1.054 1.050 1.050

E3320 Somerset SC 1.234 1.578 0.919 0.760 1.237 0.995 0.983 0.977 0.978

E3421 Staffordshire SC 1.144 1.154 0.947 0.746 1.463 1.035 1.016 1.003 1.005

E3520 Suffolk SC 1.409 1.466 0.937 0.725 1.570 1.054 1.032 1.015 1.017

E3620 Surrey SC 0.951 1.161 1.064 1.236 0.580 0.986 1.006 1.013 1.009

E3720 Warwickshire SC 1.187 1.216 1.014 0.864 1.591 1.099 1.082 1.059 1.061

E3820 West Sussex SC 0.987 1.113 0.973 1.008 1.172 1.011 1.003 1.006 1.008

E1821 Worcestershire SC 1.042 1.213 0.936 0.770 1.415 1.021 1.002 0.994 0.997

E0101 Bath & North East Somerset

UA 1.406 1.279 0.964 1.137 0.966 0.988 0.987 1.001 1.001

E0202 Bedford UA 1.563 1.194 0.983 0.850 1.613 1.089 1.068 1.050 1.051

E2301 Blackburn with Darwen UA 1.051 0.861 0.918 0.533 1.228 0.972 0.959 0.943 0.945

E2302 Blackpool UA 0.849 0.659 0.922 0.573 1.512 1.009 0.985 0.969 0.973

E1202 Bournemouth UA 0.701 0.735 0.964 0.922 0.954 0.959 0.957 0.963 0.965


42





E0301 Bracknell Forest UA 1.004 0.967 1.129 1.169 0.762 1.048 1.067 1.054 1.050

E1401 Brighton & Hove UA 1.028 0.776 0.978 1.302 1.379 1.042 1.025 1.046 1.050

E0102 Bristol UA 0.913 0.791 0.999 0.949 0.502 0.921 0.938 0.943 0.941

E0203 Central Bedfordshire UA 0.980 1.196 1.005 0.868 1.306 1.049 1.040 1.025 1.025

E0603 Cheshire East UA 1.012 1.199 0.974 0.791 0.934 0.975 0.977 0.968 0.967

E0604 Cheshire West & Chester UA 1.129 1.212 0.986 0.803 1.027 0.999 0.998 0.986 0.985

E0801 Cornwall UA 1.274 1.846 0.896 0.807 1.889 1.081 1.044 1.036 1.040

E1301 Darlington UA 1.116 0.914 0.893 0.582 1.476 0.995 0.970 0.960 0.963

E1001 Derby UA 1.526 0.850 1.035 0.738 1.672 1.120 1.102 1.066 1.067

E1302 Durham UA 1.184 1.189 0.950 0.514 1.265 1.005 0.995 0.968 0.968

E2001 East Riding of Yorkshire UA 1.213 1.423 0.919 0.591 1.749 1.062 1.032 1.009 1.013

E0601 Halton UA 0.766 0.924 1.003 0.662 0.879 0.973 0.978 0.958 0.957

E0701 Hartlepool UA 1.148 0.877 0.941 0.508 1.114 0.971 0.964 0.943 0.943

E1801 Herefordshire UA 1.493 1.986 0.919 0.653 1.619 1.061 1.037 1.015 1.016

E2101 Isle of Wight UA 1.260 1.377 0.936 0.703 2.480 1.180 1.126 1.096 1.103

E2002 Kingston-upon-Hull UA 1.029 0.894 0.942 0.545 1.721 1.058 1.030 1.003 1.006

E2401 Leicester UA 0.974 0.742 0.930 0.765 1.678 1.044 1.015 1.007 1.012

E0201 Luton UA 0.920 0.807 1.081 0.937 1.072 1.054 1.059 1.037 1.036

E2201 Medway UA 1.091 0.896 0.953 0.889 0.894 0.953 0.953 0.958 0.958

E0702 Middlesbrough UA 0.881 0.865 0.958 0.581 1.348 1.012 0.998 0.976 0.977

E0401 Milton Keynes UA 0.957 1.012 1.085 1.001 1.578 1.136 1.124 1.097 1.098

E2003 North East Lincolnshire UA 1.076 0.863 0.896 0.588 1.737 1.033 0.999 0.985 0.991

E2004 North Lincolnshire UA 0.991 1.274 0.949 0.539 1.563 1.047 1.026 0.997 0.999

E0104 North Somerset UA 1.055 1.131 0.950 0.832 0.566 0.907 0.919 0.924 0.922

E2901 Northumberland UA 1.321 1.708 0.935 0.644 1.429 1.035 1.018 0.997 0.998

E3001 Nottingham UA 1.141 0.823 0.970 0.767 1.689 1.075 1.049 1.031 1.035


43





E0501 Peterborough UA 0.972 1.039 0.979 0.889 1.785 1.099 1.070 1.056 1.061

E1101 Plymouth UA 1.063 0.916 0.935 0.904 0.943 0.950 0.946 0.955 0.956

E1201 Poole UA 0.797 0.933 0.985 1.039 1.099 1.001 0.996 1.001 1.003

E1701 Portsmouth UA 0.669 0.720 1.000 0.880 0.714 0.946 0.955 0.954 0.953

E0303 Reading UA 1.243 0.895 1.065 1.231 1.021 1.050 1.054 1.054 1.053

E0703 Redcar & Cleveland UA 1.393 0.968 0.927 0.495 1.504 1.024 1.003 0.977 0.979

E2402 Rutland UA 0.994 1.995 0.922 0.729 1.806 1.083 1.051 1.034 1.037

E3202 Shropshire UA 1.387 1.861 0.912 0.725 1.604 1.051 1.026 1.012 1.014

E0304 Slough UA 1.119 0.911 1.058 1.326 0.394 0.955 0.980 0.997 0.993

E0103 South Gloucestershire UA 1.197 1.010 1.025 0.988 0.465 0.942 0.963 0.964 0.959

E1702 Southampton UA 0.739 0.726 0.977 0.932 0.360 0.883 0.902 0.914 0.912

E1501 Southend-on-Sea UA 0.834 0.774 0.947 0.813 0.411 0.872 0.887 0.897 0.895

E0704 Stockton-on-Tees UA 1.016 0.911 0.937 0.568 1.268 0.991 0.977 0.959 0.961

E3401 Stoke-on-Trent UA 0.931 0.845 0.928 0.612 1.376 0.998 0.980 0.966 0.969

E3901 Swindon UA 0.957 0.957 1.005 0.891 1.057 1.008 1.007 0.998 0.998

E3201 Telford & Wrekin UA 0.914 1.013 0.951 0.762 1.528 1.041 1.019 1.007 1.010

E1502 Thurrock UA 1.188 0.910 1.007 1.130 0.572 0.947 0.962 0.974 0.972

E1102 Torbay UA 0.723 0.878 0.910 0.734 1.463 1.000 0.976 0.973 0.978

E0602 Warrington UA 1.275 0.926 0.982 0.794 0.673 0.941 0.952 0.946 0.944

E0302 West Berkshire UA 1.203 1.366 1.054 1.031 1.066 1.056 1.060 1.046 1.044

E3902 Wiltshire UA 1.171 1.552 0.939 0.813 1.036 0.978 0.974 0.971 0.970

E0305 Windsor & Maidenhead UA 1.040 1.113 1.145 1.428 0.609 1.045 1.070 1.071 1.066

E0306 Wokingham UA 1.072 1.086 1.126 1.288 0.862 1.067 1.083 1.075 1.071

E2701 York UA 1.068 1.012 0.951 1.107 1.698 1.073 1.044 1.052 1.058


44

Lower Tier Authorities – ALTERNATIVE EXAMPLE WEIGHTS


E6356 Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Combined Authority

CA 1.183 1.181 1.016 1.089 1.487 1.070

E6348 Greater Manchester Combined Authority

CA 0.807 0.723 0.986 0.818 0.565 0.926

E6349 Liverpool City Region Combined Authority

CA 0.767 0.709 0.985 0.744 1.007 0.955

E6351 North East Combined Authority CA 1.028 0.947 0.970 0.704 1.066 0.967

E6350 Sheffield City Region Combined Authority

CA 0.939 0.776 0.974 0.712 1.386 0.986

E6355 Tees Valley Combined Authority CA 1.025 0.789 0.948 0.596 1.191 0.951

E6353 The West Yorkshire Combined Authority

CA 1.007 0.804 0.969 0.796 1.309 0.986

E6346 West Midlands Combined Authority CA 0.851 0.685 0.998 0.846 1.262 0.992

E6354 West of England Combined Authority CA 1.026 0.831 1.016 1.083 0.519 0.968

E5100 Greater London Authority GLA 0.718 0.669 1.114 1.769 0.187 1.025

E5030 Barking & Dagenham LB 0.790 0.656 1.067 1.194 0.201 0.962

E5031 Barnet LB 0.511 0.684 1.077 1.752 0.247 1.003

E5032 Bexley LB 0.646 0.660 1.036 1.048 0.227 0.933

E5033 Brent LB 0.750 0.688 1.053 1.581 0.197 0.982

E5034 Bromley LB 0.769 0.727 1.048 1.373 0.211 0.968

E5011 Camden LB 0.651 0.649 1.226 3.218 0.125 1.177

E5010 City of London LB 1.490 1.044 1.498 3.502 0.134 1.405

E5035 Croydon LB 0.828 0.667 1.066 1.336 0.199 0.973

E5036 Ealing LB 0.743 0.710 1.072 1.546 0.243 0.994

E5037 Enfield LB 0.704 0.667 1.043 1.432 0.234 0.967

E5012 Greenwich LB 0.793 0.708 1.089 1.204 0.171 0.975

E5013 Hackney LB 0.611 0.600 1.119 2.060 0.151 1.038


45


E5014 Hammersmith & Fulham LB 0.575 0.592 1.190 2.358 0.120 1.092

E5038 Haringey LB 0.533 0.613 1.050 1.649 0.141 0.970

E5039 Harrow LB 0.526 0.648 1.038 1.443 0.182 0.954

E5040 Havering LB 0.903 0.742 1.058 1.289 0.278 0.978

E5041 Hillingdon LB 0.770 0.812 1.157 1.546 0.244 1.045

E5042 Hounslow LB 1.008 0.775 1.198 1.593 0.215 1.075

E5015 Islington LB 0.593 0.604 1.260 2.460 0.136 1.138

E5016 Kensington & Chelsea LB 1.042 0.627 1.193 4.067 0.156 1.234

E5043 Kingston-upon-Thames LB 0.811 0.720 1.090 1.559 0.194 1.003

E5017 Lambeth LB 0.699 0.616 1.197 1.821 0.171 1.068

E5018 Lewisham LB 0.766 0.642 1.100 1.267 0.178 0.982

E5044 Merton LB 0.667 0.692 1.081 1.474 0.180 0.985

E5045 Newham LB 0.574 0.626 1.071 1.563 0.146 0.977

E5046 Redbridge LB 0.625 0.610 0.966 1.402 0.183 0.915

E5047 Richmond-upon-Thames LB 0.599 0.759 1.133 1.810 0.193 1.038

E5019 Southwark LB 0.810 0.638 1.225 1.939 0.186 1.097

E5048 Sutton LB 0.663 0.657 1.029 1.166 0.157 0.932

E5020 Tower Hamlets LB 0.835 0.633 1.358 2.149 0.157 1.181

E5049 Waltham Forest LB 0.762 0.717 1.017 1.430 0.149 0.950

E5021 Wandsworth LB 0.607 0.625 1.112 1.752 0.167 1.015

E5022 Westminster LB 0.913 0.606 1.328 4.746 0.150 1.348

E4401 Barnsley MD 1.148 0.839 0.976 0.652 1.347 0.989

E4601 Birmingham MD 0.784 0.661 1.022 0.935 1.219 1.004

E4201 Bolton MD 1.094 0.733 0.959 0.726 0.714 0.926

E4701 Bradford MD 1.173 0.751 0.961 0.688 1.326 0.978

E4202 Bury MD 0.915 0.751 0.976 0.813 0.755 0.941


46


E4702 Calderdale MD 1.108 0.946 0.945 0.650 1.274 0.969

E4602 Coventry MD 1.182 0.633 1.036 0.838 1.345 1.027

E4402 Doncaster MD 1.075 0.840 0.948 0.655 1.357 0.972

E4603 Dudley MD 0.699 0.710 0.933 0.717 1.265 0.945

E4501 Gateshead MD 0.991 0.809 0.948 0.797 0.978 0.947

E4703 Kirklees MD 1.048 0.838 0.914 0.656 1.292 0.947

E4301 Knowsley MD 0.797 0.744 1.048 0.700 0.869 0.977

E4704 Leeds MD 0.865 0.759 1.003 0.989 1.315 1.013

E4302 Liverpool MD 0.730 0.682 1.014 0.803 0.994 0.972

E4203 Manchester MD 0.689 0.634 1.040 1.068 0.402 0.951

E4502 Newcastle-upon-Tyne MD 0.792 0.711 1.021 0.936 0.979 0.986

E4503 North Tyneside MD 0.836 0.771 0.979 0.720 1.000 0.954

E4204 Oldham MD 0.596 0.685 0.918 0.673 0.768 0.889

E4205 Rochdale MD 0.870 0.751 0.960 0.692 0.821 0.927

E4403 Rotherham MD 0.886 0.754 0.967 0.643 1.404 0.976

E4206 Salford MD 0.927 0.736 1.004 0.800 0.400 0.925

E4604 Sandwell MD 0.873 0.678 0.943 0.699 1.279 0.954

E4304 Sefton MD 0.756 0.685 0.941 0.736 1.197 0.946

E4404 Sheffield MD 0.803 0.726 0.990 0.800 1.409 0.997

E4605 Solihull MD 0.805 0.811 1.098 1.117 1.246 1.068

E4504 South Tyneside MD 1.090 0.778 0.920 0.613 0.957 0.919

E4303 St Helens MD 1.002 0.790 0.949 0.728 0.762 0.924

E4207 Stockport MD 0.762 0.782 0.988 0.776 0.418 0.913

E4505 Sunderland MD 1.033 0.738 0.987 0.711 0.996 0.962

E4208 Tameside MD 0.769 0.736 0.959 0.671 0.635 0.906

E4209 Trafford MD 0.728 0.696 1.013 0.942 0.201 0.915


47


E4705 Wakefield MD 0.962 0.860 0.986 0.787 1.313 0.996

E4606 Walsall MD 0.815 0.716 0.952 0.719 1.281 0.960

E4210 Wigan MD 0.827 0.801 0.976 0.732 0.756 0.935

E4305 Wirral MD 0.706 0.672 0.955 0.701 1.156 0.946

E4607 Wolverhampton MD 0.918 0.701 0.961 0.727 1.296 0.969

E3831 Adur SD 0.960 0.806 0.946 0.936 1.254 0.978

E0931 Allerdale SD 0.919 1.708 0.942 0.631 1.047 0.971

E1031 Amber Valley SD 0.779 1.014 1.012 0.687 1.434 1.014

E3832 Arun SD 0.889 0.837 0.932 0.965 1.127 0.961

E3031 Ashfield SD 0.809 0.811 0.981 0.666 1.334 0.980

E2231 Ashford SD 1.452 1.212 0.981 1.007 0.997 1.012

E0431 Aylesbury Vale SD 1.088 1.156 1.045 0.981 1.004 1.034

E3531 Babergh SD 1.450 1.610 0.933 0.777 1.248 1.005

E0932 Barrow-in-Furness SD 0.924 0.787 1.024 0.554 1.986 1.052

E1531 Basildon SD 0.804 0.774 1.025 1.175 0.304 0.952

E1731 Basingstoke & Deane SD 1.266 1.068 1.073 1.105 0.724 1.037

E3032 Bassetlaw SD 1.044 1.179 0.956 0.636 1.195 0.975

E2431 Blaby SD 1.230 0.869 0.993 0.881 1.463 1.028

E1032 Bolsover SD 1.071 1.042 0.956 0.636 1.145 0.966

E2531 Boston SD 1.101 1.138 0.927 0.689 1.731 1.006

E1532 Braintree SD 0.978 1.234 0.922 0.935 0.784 0.942

E2631 Breckland SD 0.996 1.531 0.898 0.745 1.547 0.990

E1533 Brentwood SD 0.852 0.914 1.052 1.291 0.477 0.997

E2632 Broadland SD 2.009 1.276 0.946 0.828 1.385 1.031

E1831 Bromsgrove SD 0.868 0.996 1.001 0.852 1.270 1.008

E1931 Broxbourne SD 0.723 0.695 1.030 1.176 0.609 0.975


48


E3033 Broxtowe SD 0.984 0.837 0.996 0.721 1.447 1.008

E2333 Burnley SD 1.063 0.693 0.966 0.570 1.259 0.962

E0531 Cambridge SD 0.815 1.032 1.107 1.738 1.308 1.131

E3431 Cannock Chase SD 0.675 0.733 0.948 0.765 1.385 0.966

E2232 Canterbury SD 0.983 0.970 0.972 1.090 1.236 1.009

E0933 Carlisle SD 1.350 1.143 0.965 0.651 1.525 1.015

E1534 Castle Point SD 0.813 0.757 0.945 0.912 0.295 0.890

E2432 Charnwood SD 1.225 0.904 0.960 0.814 1.437 1.004

E1535 Chelmsford SD 1.236 0.904 0.994 1.249 0.432 0.970

E1631 Cheltenham SD 0.879 0.707 1.002 1.030 0.840 0.974

E3131 Cherwell SD 0.998 1.156 1.055 1.054 1.177 1.056

E1033 Chesterfield SD 1.113 0.771 0.970 0.825 1.187 0.980

E3833 Chichester SD 1.010 1.465 0.983 1.139 0.925 1.013

E0432 Chiltern SD 0.826 0.993 1.042 1.081 0.506 0.982

E2334 Chorley SD 1.159 0.891 0.905 0.648 0.943 0.918

E1232 Christchurch SD 0.627 0.845 0.995 1.132 0.781 0.970

E1536 Colchester SD 1.487 0.948 0.988 0.973 0.913 0.996

E0934 Copeland SD 1.390 1.412 1.110 0.580 1.233 1.083

E2831 Corby SD 0.815 0.823 0.981 0.738 1.582 1.007

E1632 Cotswold SD 1.086 1.901 0.987 0.991 1.096 1.040

E2731 Craven SD 1.252 1.793 0.921 0.769 1.444 1.015

E3834 Crawley SD 1.020 0.696 1.091 1.346 0.758 1.041

E1932 Dacorum SD 0.826 0.874 1.055 1.223 0.751 1.014

E2233 Dartford SD 0.968 0.808 1.048 1.420 0.400 0.996

E2832 Daventry SD 1.446 1.430 1.021 0.813 1.505 1.073

E1035 Derbyshire Dales SD 1.173 1.869 0.917 0.848 1.440 1.018


49


E2234 Dover SD 1.041 1.121 0.972 0.809 1.366 1.008

E0532 East Cambridgeshire SD 1.401 1.378 1.001 0.968 1.551 1.072

E1131 East Devon SD 0.937 1.395 0.922 0.855 1.464 0.998

E1233 East Dorset SD 0.826 1.137 0.989 1.045 0.750 0.976

E1732 East Hampshire SD 0.955 1.166 1.006 1.051 0.797 0.995

E1933 East Hertfordshire SD 0.947 1.139 1.003 1.167 0.859 1.006

E2532 East Lindsey SD 1.367 1.840 0.921 0.582 1.582 1.018

E2833 East Northamptonshire SD 1.114 1.224 0.932 0.715 1.558 1.001

E3432 East Staffordshire SD 1.211 1.027 0.997 0.833 1.377 1.025

E1432 Eastbourne SD 0.901 0.679 0.980 0.954 1.372 1.000

E1733 Eastleigh SD 0.892 0.821 1.032 1.105 0.226 0.949

E0935 Eden SD 1.670 2.754 0.957 0.621 1.766 1.105

E3631 Elmbridge SD 0.598 0.900 1.094 1.420 0.323 1.007

E1537 Epping Forest SD 0.902 0.990 1.079 1.216 0.490 1.013

E3632 Epsom & Ewell SD 0.826 0.812 1.010 1.436 0.316 0.966

E1036 Erewash SD 0.972 0.805 0.925 0.653 1.477 0.965

E1132 Exeter SD 0.931 0.840 0.977 1.076 1.226 1.002

E1734 Fareham SD 1.252 0.771 1.046 1.056 0.494 0.985

E0533 Fenland SD 0.729 1.111 0.933 0.728 1.695 0.998

E2240 Folkestone and Hythe District Council SD 1.264 1.062 0.947 0.801 1.172 0.981

E3532 Forest Heath SD 1.124 1.305 0.982 0.839 1.494 1.036

E1633 Forest of Dean SD 0.938 1.583 0.913 0.634 0.843 0.933

E2335 Fylde SD 0.697 0.911 1.022 0.713 1.306 1.004

E3034 Gedling SD 0.702 0.857 0.969 0.765 1.565 0.998

E1634 Gloucester SD 1.369 0.758 0.981 0.801 0.722 0.953

E1735 Gosport SD 0.831 0.692 0.930 0.881 0.690 0.910


50


E2236 Gravesham SD 1.010 0.789 0.991 0.917 0.590 0.947

E2633 Great Yarmouth SD 1.008 0.877 0.978 0.617 1.282 0.979

E3633 Guildford SD 1.287 1.195 1.099 1.549 0.677 1.085

E2732 Hambleton SD 0.920 1.691 0.946 0.776 1.505 1.021

E2433 Harborough SD 1.132 1.264 1.012 0.901 1.537 1.060

E1538 Harlow SD 1.020 0.762 1.047 1.115 0.699 0.999

E2753 Harrogate SD 1.158 1.266 0.954 0.941 1.499 1.027

E1736 Hart SD 0.862 0.964 1.090 1.189 0.746 1.036

E1433 Hastings SD 0.780 0.697 0.955 0.724 1.359 0.967

E1737 Havant SD 0.589 0.784 1.022 0.954 0.689 0.961

E1934 Hertsmere SD 0.590 0.854 1.061 1.287 0.479 0.991

E1037 High Peak SD 1.145 1.079 0.932 0.752 0.907 0.944

E2434 Hinckley & Bosworth SD 1.349 0.969 0.965 0.777 1.416 1.008

E3835 Horsham SD 1.139 1.185 0.993 1.100 1.009 1.015

E0551 Huntingdonshire SD 1.147 1.215 0.959 0.963 1.526 1.031

E2336 Hyndburn SD 0.928 0.753 0.925 0.523 1.188 0.929

E3533 Ipswich SD 1.260 0.688 0.971 0.858 1.357 0.998

E2834 Kettering SD 0.872 0.914 0.956 0.715 1.564 0.995

E2634 King's Lynn & West Norfolk SD 1.524 1.544 0.956 0.735 1.657 1.049

E2337 Lancaster SD 0.950 0.928 0.934 0.615 1.556 0.978

E1435 Lewes SD 0.948 1.016 0.948 1.039 1.393 1.005

E3433 Lichfield SD 1.177 1.027 0.959 0.924 1.333 1.006

E2533 Lincoln SD 1.049 0.846 0.944 0.899 1.530 1.001

E2237 Maidstone SD 1.357 1.133 0.979 1.066 0.726 0.986

E1539 Maldon SD 1.715 1.377 1.031 0.860 0.581 1.012

E1851 Malvern Hills SD 1.241 1.497 0.943 0.759 1.247 0.998


51


E3035 Mansfield SD 1.140 0.808 0.928 0.675 1.361 0.963

E2436 Melton SD 1.142 1.468 0.949 0.753 1.579 1.025

E3331 Mendip SD 0.865 1.329 0.969 0.868 1.114 0.992

E1133 Mid Devon SD 1.157 1.736 0.955 0.714 1.261 1.011

E3534 Mid Suffolk SD 1.731 1.758 0.876 0.742 1.447 0.998

E3836 Mid Sussex SD 0.803 1.013 1.006 1.118 0.952 1.002

E3634 Mole Valley SD 0.925 1.185 1.097 1.316 0.570 1.046

E1738 New Forest SD 0.810 1.072 0.996 1.001 0.607 0.962

E3036 Newark & Sherwood SD 1.194 1.218 0.894 0.724 1.509 0.978

E3434 Newcastle-under-Lyme SD 1.127 0.872 0.970 0.725 1.106 0.971

E1134 North Devon SD 1.255 1.707 0.957 0.752 1.673 1.051

E1234 North Dorset SD 1.217 1.730 0.971 0.809 1.257 1.028

E1038 North East Derbyshire SD 0.925 1.076 0.907 0.712 1.156 0.942

E1935 North Hertfordshire SD 0.875 0.973 0.998 1.064 1.095 1.006

E2534 North Kesteven SD 1.866 1.523 0.930 0.762 1.586 1.039

E2635 North Norfolk SD 1.206 1.831 0.922 0.750 1.358 1.007

E3731 North Warwickshire SD 1.138 1.248 1.079 0.896 1.310 1.078

E2437 North West Leicestershire SD 1.120 1.108 0.964 0.804 1.346 1.002

E2835 Northampton SD 0.896 0.721 1.013 0.814 1.511 1.021

E2636 Norwich SD 1.200 0.753 0.934 1.018 1.446 0.997

E3732 Nuneaton & Bedworth SD 1.025 0.786 0.946 0.812 1.351 0.978

E2438 Oadby & Wigston SD 0.608 0.791 0.985 0.813 1.512 1.000

E3132 Oxford SD 0.604 0.858 1.104 1.661 0.973 1.082

E2338 Pendle SD 0.579 0.773 0.985 0.485 1.285 0.957

E2339 Preston SD 1.412 0.837 0.984 0.698 1.094 0.983

E1236 Purbeck SD 1.067 1.422 0.897 0.880 1.228 0.971


52


E1835 Redditch SD 0.933 0.774 0.978 0.910 1.285 0.994

E3635 Reigate & Banstead SD 0.796 0.925 1.061 1.263 0.474 0.998

E2340 Ribble Valley SD 1.350 1.333 1.009 0.652 1.241 1.026

E2734 Richmondshire SD 1.451 2.351 0.965 0.725 1.519 1.073

E1540 Rochford SD 1.012 0.911 0.930 0.978 0.219 0.891

E2341 Rossendale SD 0.687 0.940 0.927 0.508 1.072 0.920

E1436 Rother SD 1.061 1.277 0.938 0.806 1.275 0.987

E3733 Rugby SD 1.159 0.934 1.060 0.875 1.480 1.066

E3636 Runnymede SD 0.717 0.944 1.166 1.425 0.409 1.060

E3038 Rushcliffe SD 1.253 1.113 0.935 0.790 1.519 1.004

E1740 Rushmoor SD 0.743 0.719 1.123 1.080 0.705 1.028

E2755 Ryedale SD 1.204 2.009 0.922 0.761 1.626 1.037

E2736 Scarborough SD 1.177 1.110 0.921 0.805 1.728 1.012

E3332 Sedgemoor SD 1.231 1.318 0.930 0.800 0.758 0.946

E2757 Selby SD 1.255 1.424 0.978 0.747 1.419 1.030

E2239 Sevenoaks SD 1.018 1.205 1.027 1.147 0.443 0.988

E0434 South Bucks SD 0.837 1.134 1.097 1.279 0.300 1.016

E0536 South Cambridgeshire SD 2.038 1.548 1.096 1.172 1.295 1.151

E1039 South Derbyshire SD 1.477 1.075 0.970 0.783 1.395 1.018

E1136 South Hams SD 1.166 1.959 0.896 0.972 1.058 0.986

E2535 South Holland SD 1.187 1.324 0.940 0.674 1.691 1.019

E2536 South Kesteven SD 0.962 1.146 0.927 0.844 1.638 1.006

E0936 South Lakeland SD 1.496 1.968 0.958 0.818 1.758 1.081

E2637 South Norfolk SD 1.502 1.631 0.972 0.793 1.429 1.047

E2836 South Northamptonshire SD 1.262 1.465 0.986 0.827 1.402 1.041

E3133 South Oxfordshire SD 0.953 1.330 0.986 1.120 0.899 1.004


53


E2342 South Ribble SD 0.956 0.873 0.963 0.737 1.052 0.959

E3334 South Somerset SD 1.170 1.381 0.942 0.781 1.327 0.999

E3435 South Staffordshire SD 1.097 1.021 0.974 0.785 1.312 1.000

E3637 Spelthorne SD 0.795 0.873 1.123 1.284 0.230 1.011

E1936 St Albans SD 0.888 0.920 1.018 1.468 0.765 1.016

E3535 St Edmundsbury SD 1.185 1.318 0.966 0.885 1.477 1.031

E3436 Stafford SD 1.203 1.151 0.967 0.838 1.345 1.011

E3437 Staffordshire Moorlands SD 0.968 1.308 0.901 0.660 1.218 0.950

E1937 Stevenage SD 0.850 0.716 1.044 1.158 0.964 1.015

E3734 Stratford-on-Avon SD 1.351 1.565 1.040 0.989 1.440 1.094

E1635 Stroud SD 1.143 1.219 0.958 0.752 0.645 0.943

E3536 Suffolk Coastal SD 1.470 1.429 1.000 0.740 1.370 1.045

E3638 Surrey Heath SD 1.103 0.956 1.027 1.192 0.586 0.995

E2241 Swale SD 1.079 1.019 0.953 0.885 1.058 0.974

E3439 Tamworth SD 0.962 0.818 0.975 0.983 1.323 1.003

E3639 Tandridge SD 0.959 1.133 1.025 1.130 0.506 0.986

E3333 Taunton Deane SD 1.077 1.210 0.872 0.902 0.994 0.931

E1137 Teignbridge SD 1.388 1.392 0.915 0.858 1.287 0.992

E1542 Tendring SD 1.194 1.010 0.921 0.728 1.206 0.960

E1742 Test Valley SD 1.171 1.199 0.970 1.032 0.548 0.961

E1636 Tewkesbury SD 1.524 1.195 1.072 0.929 0.885 1.051

E2242 Thanet SD 0.693 0.740 0.958 0.739 1.456 0.977

E1938 Three Rivers SD 1.079 0.857 1.113 1.348 0.433 1.036

E2243 Tonbridge & Malling SD 1.105 1.076 1.007 1.167 0.572 0.986

E1139 Torridge SD 1.230 1.999 0.924 0.639 1.596 1.028

E2244 Tunbridge Wells SD 1.224 1.098 0.958 1.188 0.820 0.985


54


E1544 Uttlesford SD 1.178 1.546 1.044 1.065 0.908 1.051

E3134 Vale of White Horse SD 0.986 1.219 1.091 1.036 1.164 1.076

E3735 Warwick SD 0.914 0.857 1.053 1.068 1.428 1.061

E1939 Watford SD 0.971 0.840 0.971 1.330 0.492 0.957

E3537 Waveney SD 0.982 1.055 0.930 0.670 1.376 0.971

E3640 Waverley SD 0.938 1.234 1.027 1.334 0.890 1.037

E1437 Wealden SD 0.960 1.257 0.931 0.942 1.222 0.985

E2837 Wellingborough SD 0.941 0.911 0.982 0.738 1.517 1.009

E1940 Welwyn Hatfield SD 0.711 0.765 1.096 1.228 0.726 1.026

E1140 West Devon SD 1.336 2.109 0.899 0.811 1.097 0.990

E1237 West Dorset SD 1.061 1.629 0.960 0.894 1.467 1.036

E2343 West Lancashire SD 1.109 0.969 0.995 0.698 1.018 0.980

E2537 West Lindsey SD 1.378 1.617 0.926 0.598 1.482 1.006

E3135 West Oxfordshire SD 0.893 1.353 0.954 1.069 1.330 1.018

E3335 West Somerset SD 1.968 2.182 1.004 0.709 1.455 1.101

E1238 Weymouth & Portland SD 1.207 0.919 0.831 0.852 1.553 0.944

E1743 Winchester SD 1.175 1.288 1.011 1.206 0.415 0.989

E3641 Woking SD 0.763 0.850 1.161 1.274 0.541 1.054

E1837 Worcester SD 1.084 0.797 0.971 0.903 1.199 0.988

E3837 Worthing SD 0.631 0.641 0.972 1.012 1.354 0.989

E1838 Wychavon SD 0.982 1.327 0.930 0.841 1.208 0.979

E0435 Wycombe SD 1.109 1.036 1.080 1.147 0.510 1.019

E2344 Wyre SD 0.898 0.924 0.921 0.662 1.417 0.961

E1839 Wyre Forest SD 0.774 0.929 0.892 0.731 1.328 0.939

E0101 Bath & North East Somerset UA 1.312 1.111 0.979 1.233 0.856 1.007

E0202 Bedford UA 1.459 1.037 0.999 0.922 1.430 1.045


55


E2301 Blackburn with Darwen UA 0.981 0.748 0.933 0.578 1.088 0.930

E2302 Blackpool UA 0.792 0.573 0.937 0.621 1.340 0.944

E1202 Bournemouth UA 0.654 0.638 0.979 0.999 0.846 0.951

E0301 Bracknell Forest UA 0.937 0.840 1.147 1.267 0.675 1.063

E1401 Brighton & Hove UA 0.959 0.674 0.994 1.412 1.222 1.029

E0102 Bristol UA 0.852 0.687 1.015 1.029 0.444 0.946

E0203 Central Bedfordshire UA 0.914 1.039 1.022 0.941 1.157 1.020

E0603 Cheshire East UA 0.945 1.042 0.990 0.857 0.827 0.970

E0604 Cheshire West & Chester UA 1.054 1.053 1.002 0.870 0.910 0.988

E0801 Cornwall UA 1.189 1.604 0.910 0.874 1.674 1.025

E1301 Darlington UA 1.042 0.794 0.907 0.631 1.308 0.941

E1001 Derby UA 1.424 0.738 1.052 0.799 1.481 1.056

E1302 Durham UA 1.105 1.033 0.965 0.557 1.121 0.964

E2001 East Riding of Yorkshire UA 1.132 1.236 0.934 0.641 1.550 0.997

E0601 Halton UA 0.715 0.803 1.019 0.717 0.779 0.955

E0701 Hartlepool UA 1.071 0.762 0.957 0.551 0.987 0.936

E1801 Herefordshire UA 1.394 1.725 0.934 0.708 1.435 1.019

E2101 Isle of Wight UA 1.176 1.196 0.951 0.762 2.197 1.068

E2002 Kingston-upon-Hull UA 0.960 0.776 0.957 0.590 1.525 0.981

E2401 Leicester UA 0.909 0.644 0.945 0.829 1.487 0.981

E0201 Luton UA 0.858 0.701 1.099 1.016 0.950 1.033

E2201 Medway UA 1.018 0.779 0.968 0.964 0.792 0.954

E0702 Middlesbrough UA 0.822 0.751 0.974 0.630 1.195 0.960

E0401 Milton Keynes UA 0.893 0.880 1.103 1.085 1.398 1.087

E2003 North East Lincolnshire UA 1.004 0.749 0.910 0.637 1.539 0.960

E2004 North Lincolnshire UA 0.925 1.107 0.964 0.584 1.385 0.985


56


E0104 North Somerset UA 0.985 0.982 0.966 0.901 0.501 0.931

E2901 Northumberland UA 1.233 1.484 0.950 0.698 1.267 0.999

E3001 Nottingham UA 1.065 0.715 0.985 0.831 1.496 1.011

E0501 Peterborough UA 0.907 0.903 0.995 0.964 1.582 1.036

E1101 Plymouth UA 0.992 0.796 0.951 0.979 0.836 0.949

E1201 Poole UA 0.744 0.810 1.001 1.126 0.974 0.991

E1701 Portsmouth UA 0.624 0.625 1.017 0.953 0.633 0.948

E0303 Reading UA 1.160 0.777 1.082 1.334 0.905 1.056

E0703 Redcar & Cleveland UA 1.300 0.841 0.942 0.536 1.333 0.965

E2402 Rutland UA 0.928 1.734 0.936 0.790 1.601 1.026

E3202 Shropshire UA 1.295 1.617 0.927 0.785 1.421 1.012

E0304 Slough UA 1.044 0.792 1.075 1.437 0.349 1.010

E0103 South Gloucestershire UA 1.118 0.877 1.041 1.071 0.412 0.977

E1702 Southampton UA 0.689 0.631 0.993 1.010 0.319 0.916

E1501 Southend-on-Sea UA 0.778 0.672 0.962 0.881 0.364 0.898

E0704 Stockton-on-Tees UA 0.948 0.792 0.952 0.615 1.123 0.947

E3401 Stoke-on-Trent UA 0.869 0.734 0.943 0.663 1.219 0.948

E3901 Swindon UA 0.894 0.832 1.022 0.966 0.937 0.994

E3201 Telford & Wrekin UA 0.853 0.880 0.967 0.826 1.354 0.989

E1502 Thurrock UA 1.108 0.791 1.023 1.225 0.507 0.982

E1102 Torbay UA 0.674 0.763 0.925 0.796 1.297 0.950

E0602 Warrington UA 1.190 0.804 0.998 0.860 0.596 0.953

E0302 West Berkshire UA 1.123 1.187 1.071 1.117 0.944 1.055

E3902 Wiltshire UA 1.093 1.348 0.954 0.881 0.918 0.976

E0305 Windsor & Maidenhead UA 0.971 0.967 1.163 1.547 0.540 1.088

E0306 Wokingham UA 1.000 0.943 1.144 1.396 0.764 1.085


57


E2701 York UA 0.997 0.879 0.966 1.199 1.505 1.032

E6201 East London Waste WASTE 0.704 0.654 1.039 1.387 0.196 0.958

E6202 Greater Manchester Waste WASTE 0.807 0.723 0.986 0.818 0.565 0.926

E6204 Merseyside Waste WASTE 0.771 0.700 0.982 0.747 1.028 0.955

E6205 North London Waste WASTE 0.620 0.651 1.105 1.949 0.176 1.027

E6207 West London Waste WASTE 0.743 0.731 1.106 1.576 0.215 1.013

E6206 Western Riverside Waste WASTE 0.700 0.616 1.167 2.253 0.158 1.081

policy development: not a statement of government … · paper: nr twg 19-02: review of local...

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