Precision Agriculture In
ViticultureBy
Pam Turner
Area Dedicated to WineSpain 11,750 km²
France 8,640 km² Italy 8,270 km²
Turkey 8,120 km² United States 4,150 km²
Iran 2,860 km² Romania 2,480 km² Portugal 2,160 km²
Argentina 2,080 km² Australia 1,642 km²
Production• 71% wine• 27% fresh fruit• 2% dried fruit
Vineyards
• 2% Yearly increase
Vineyard Vineyard InformationInformation
Oklahoma’s VineyardsOklahoma’s Vineyards
•Branch of Precision Agriculture that was proposed in the early 1990’s
•Must maximize yield and quality
Precision ViticulturePrecision Viticulture
Vine VigorVine Vigor•GPS and NDVI
•Determines
Harvesting time
Quality
Management Management ZonesZones
IrrigationIrrigation
• Use of infrared readings of leaf temperature.
• Has an effect on time of onset and degree of weight loss.
Vine row interactionVine row interaction
• Must delete non-representative plants and vegetation
• Ensures health and vigor of vines
• Aids pruning process
• NDVI vineyard • Extracted Rows (yellow) Background (blue)
Gap IdentificationGap Identification
• Give total area of missing vines
• Potential for re-planting
• Identifies and selects weed material at a resolution of < 1 cm2
•Permitted a reduction in herbicide application by 85%
Herbicide ApplicationHerbicide Application
Selective HarvestingSelective Harvesting
•Select high-vigor from low vigor areas
• Increases wine quality
• Increases retail value
Yield MonitorsYield Monitors
• “On the Go” georeferenced records of yield
•Most popular method: Conveyor belt
Where is Precision Viticulture going?Where is Precision Viticulture going?
• Improve mechanical pruning methods
• Detect sugar content of the entire field
“Great wine is grown, not made”
• http://www.catenawines.com/eng/vineyards/precision-viticulture.html• http://www.regional.org.au/au/gia/• http://www.geovine.com/pdf/PVProfitabiltyPaper.pdf• http://ppvco.com/develop.php• http://www.usyd.edu.au/su/agric/acpa/people/james/Thesis/Chapter%203_Taylor2004.pdf• http://www.nzwine.com/index.html• http://wineserver.ucdavis.edu/• http://www.lincoln.ac.nz/section671.html• http://cati.csufresno.edu/verc/• http://www.catenawines.com/eng/vineyards/precision-viticulture.html• http://www.crcv.com.au/resources/Precision%20Viticulture/• http://www.csiro.au/science/ps1xy.html• http://www.provisor.com.au/apps/uploadedFiles/news/80/Precision_Viticulture.pdf• http://precisionaginc.com/viticulture.shtml• http://www.csu.edu.au/nwgic/pages/research/sustainable_viticulture.htm• http://www.scipub.net/agriculture/precision-agriculture.html• http://www.uark.edu/depts/ifse/grapeprog/vinemech.htm• http://www.mikebobbitt.com/NDVI_Vineyard_format.htm
ReferencesReferences