Precision Agriculture In

ViticultureBy

Pam Turner

Area Dedicated to WineSpain 11,750 km²

France 8,640 km² Italy 8,270 km²

Turkey 8,120 km² United States 4,150 km²

Iran 2,860 km² Romania 2,480 km² Portugal 2,160 km²

Argentina 2,080 km² Australia 1,642 km²

Production• 71% wine• 27% fresh fruit• 2% dried fruit

Vineyards

• 2% Yearly increase

Vineyard Vineyard InformationInformation

Oklahoma’s VineyardsOklahoma’s Vineyards

•Branch of Precision Agriculture that was proposed in the early 1990’s

•Must maximize yield and quality

Precision ViticulturePrecision Viticulture

Vine VigorVine Vigor•GPS and NDVI

•Determines

Harvesting time

Quality

Management Management ZonesZones

IrrigationIrrigation

• Use of infrared readings of leaf temperature.

• Has an effect on time of onset and degree of weight loss.

Vine row interactionVine row interaction

• Must delete non-representative plants and vegetation

• Ensures health and vigor of vines

• Aids pruning process

• NDVI vineyard • Extracted Rows (yellow) Background (blue)

Gap IdentificationGap Identification

• Give total area of missing vines

• Potential for re-planting

• Identifies and selects weed material at a resolution of < 1 cm2

•Permitted a reduction in herbicide application by 85%

Herbicide ApplicationHerbicide Application

Selective HarvestingSelective Harvesting

•Select high-vigor from low vigor areas

• Increases wine quality

• Increases retail value

Yield MonitorsYield Monitors

• “On the Go” georeferenced records of yield

•Most popular method: Conveyor belt

Where is Precision Viticulture going?Where is Precision Viticulture going?

• Improve mechanical pruning methods

• Detect sugar content of the entire field

“Great wine is grown, not made”

• http://www.catenawines.com/eng/vineyards/precision-viticulture.html• http://www.regional.org.au/au/gia/• http://www.geovine.com/pdf/PVProfitabiltyPaper.pdf• http://ppvco.com/develop.php• http://www.usyd.edu.au/su/agric/acpa/people/james/Thesis/Chapter%203_Taylor2004.pdf• http://www.nzwine.com/index.html• http://wineserver.ucdavis.edu/• http://www.lincoln.ac.nz/section671.html• http://cati.csufresno.edu/verc/• http://www.catenawines.com/eng/vineyards/precision-viticulture.html• http://www.crcv.com.au/resources/Precision%20Viticulture/• http://www.csiro.au/science/ps1xy.html• http://www.provisor.com.au/apps/uploadedFiles/news/80/Precision_Viticulture.pdf• http://precisionaginc.com/viticulture.shtml• http://www.csu.edu.au/nwgic/pages/research/sustainable_viticulture.htm• http://www.scipub.net/agriculture/precision-agriculture.html• http://www.uark.edu/depts/ifse/grapeprog/vinemech.htm• http://www.mikebobbitt.com/NDVI_Vineyard_format.htm

ReferencesReferences