Download - Presented by G. La [email protected]
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Presented by G. La Rocca [email protected]
Development of Design and Engineering Engines to Support
Multidisciplinary Design and Analysis of Aircraft
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The challenges for the next 20 years of aviationAccording to ACARE and NASA the aircraft of the future will have to be: • Faster• with higher payload capacity• Safer• Cleaner• Quieter• …..different?• AFFORDABLE!How to achieve that in the current situation?• Less economic and intellectual resources available• Engineers have less experience from past programs• Increased mobility of knowledge workers• Globalization of the market • Projects run by teams scattered over the globe…..
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
• Reduce the time wasted in repetitive and routine activities• Give more space to creative design• Focus on methodologies to capture and efficiently reuse designers’ knowledge
Development of improved methodologies to allow thoroughly and efficient exploration of the design space
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Definition of Design and Engineering Engine (DEE)
A DEE is an advanced design system to support and accelerate the design process of complex products through the automation of non-creative and repetitive design activities. A DEE consists of a multi-disciplinary collection of design and analysis tools, which are able to automatically interface each other and exchange data and information generated by their internal processes.
MULTI-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
Product Model
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INITIATOR
CONVERGER&
EVALUATOR
Design solution
Requirements
Calculation of product model
parameter values
Check of analysisresults on:1) convergence2) compliance with
requirements
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MULTI-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
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INITIATOR
CONVERGER&
EVALUATOR
Design solution
Requirements
Calculation of product model
parameter values
Check of analysisresults on:1) convergence2) compliance with
requirements
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19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Paradigm of a Design and Engineering Engine (DEE)
The Multi Model
Generator(MMG)
MULTI-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
Product Model
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INITIATOR
CONVERGER&
EVALUATOR
Design solution
Requirements
Calculation of product model
parameter values
Check of analysisresults on:1) convergence2) compliance with
requirements
End
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MULTI-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
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INITIATOR
CONVERGER&
EVALUATOR
Design solution
Requirements
Calculation of product model
parameter values
Check of analysisresults on:1) convergence2) compliance with
requirements
End
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19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Paradigm of a Design and Engineering Engine (DEE)
The product model
MULTI-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
Product Model
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INITIATOR
CONVERGER&
EVALUATOR
Design solution
Requirements
Calculation of product model
parameter values
Check of analysisresults on:1) convergence2) compliance with
requirements
End
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MULTI-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
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INITIATOR
CONVERGER&
EVALUATOR
Design solution
Requirements
Calculation of product model
parameter values
Check of analysisresults on:1) convergence2) compliance with
requirements
End
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yes
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Paradigm of a Design and Engineering Engine (DEE)
The reports writers
MULTI-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
Product Model
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INITIATOR
CONVERGER&
EVALUATOR
Design solution
Requirements
Calculation of product model
parameter values
Check of analysisresults on:1) convergence2) compliance with
requirements
End
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no
noyes
yes
MULTI-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
Product Model
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INITIATOR
CONVERGER&
EVALUATOR
Design solution
Requirements
Calculation of product model
parameter values
Check of analysisresults on:1) convergence2) compliance with
requirements
End
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noyes
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19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The extent of achievable automation for the repetitive design activities mainly depends on:
- Capability of the DEE components to interface each other and exchange data and information (development required at framework level)- Quality and level of maturity of data and information generated by the DEE components (development required at tools level)
Development of a Design and Engineering Engine (DEE)
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Knowledge Based Engineering (KBE): a technological implementation of the Knowledge Management vision for the engineering business
KBE technology integrates Artificial Intelligence and Computer Aided Design to produce computerized applications able to capture and re-use efficiently and effectively the engineering design knowledge of the organization
Eval ? first sparY
N
Rib = ‘FD ? spar nY
Point at root
N
Eval ? first sparY
N
Rib = ‘FD ? spar nY
Point at root
N
A.I.
CAD
Knowledge Based
Engineering
Functional requirements
INPUTSSize, material, positioning ….
GENERATIVE MODELProduct StructureDesign StandardsMaterial CharacteristicManufacturing ConstrainEngineering Analysis……..
OUTPUTSDrawings, 3-D Models, 2-D Models, Bills of material, Tool Design ….
Engineered design
Functional requirements
Functional requirements
INPUTSSize, material, positioning ….
GENERATIVE MODELProduct StructureDesign StandardsMaterial CharacteristicManufacturing ConstraintsEngineering Analysis……..
OUTPUTSDrawings, 3-D Models, 2-D Models, Bills of material, Tool Design ….
CAD
Knowledge Based
EngineeringEval ? first spar
Y
N
Rib = ‘FD ? spar nY
Point at root
N
Eval ? first sparY
N
Rib = ‘FD ? spar nY
Point at root
N
A.I.Eval ? first spar
Y
N
Rib = ‘FD ? spar nY
Point at root
N
Eval ? first sparY
N
Rib = ‘FD ? spar nY
Point at root
N
Eval ? first sparY
N
Rib = ‘FD ? spar nY
Point at root
N
Eval ? first sparY
N
Rib = ‘FD ? spar nY
Point at root
N
A.I.
CAD
Knowledge Based
Engineering
Functional requirements
Functional requirements
INPUTSSize, material, positioning ….
GENERATIVE MODELProduct StructureDesign StandardsMaterial CharacteristicManufacturing ConstrainEngineering Analysis……..
OUTPUTSDrawings, 3-D Models, 2-D Models, Bills of material, Tool Design ….
Engineered design
Engineered design
Functional requirements
Functional requirements
INPUTSSize, material, positioning ….
GENERATIVE MODELProduct StructureDesign StandardsMaterial CharacteristicManufacturing ConstraintsEngineering Analysis……..
OUTPUTSDrawings, 3-D Models, 2-D Models, Bills of material, Tool Design ….
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Definition of the High Level Primitives (HLPs)
Wing-Trunk parameters set- Type of airfoil (from a library)- Amount of airfoils- Positioning of airfoils- Thickness of airfoils- Reference axis- Chords’ length- Span- Dihedral angle- Sweep angle- Twist angle- ……
Connection element
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The building block approach
Connection element
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The building block approach
Connection element
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The building block approach
Connection element
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The building block approach
Connection element
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The building block approach
Connection element
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Connection element
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
Generation of many aircraft configurations
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Connection element
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
Generation of variants of one configuration
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Generation of variants of one configuration
Connection element
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Development of the structural modelsThe MMG automatically generates the geometry of the structural elements inside each primitive.
The structure is:• parametrically defined • tailored to the outer surface
Upper wing-box panel
Lower wing-box panel
Front spar
Rear spar
Trailing edge
Leading edge
Ribs
if the aircraft outer shape changes….
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Development of the structural modelsThe MMG automatically generates the geometry of the structural elements inside each primitive.
The structure is:• parametrically defined • tailored to the outer surface
Upper wing-box panel
Lower wing-box panel
Front spar
Rear spar
Trailing edge
Leading edge
Ribs
… the internal structure has to follow!
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
MMG links with the analysis tools:
How different experts look at the same product
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Models generation for aerodynamics tools (HF/LF)ICAD environment
Aero analysis environment
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Non Structural Items masses: Weight & C.G. location tableitem Mass_(kg) X_cg Y_cg Z_cg
GROUP_FUSELAGE_(left_half)TED_1_(half) 107.4 44973.1 -1250.3 1250.1……..ANTI-ICING-SYSTEM 240.0 12755.8 -6368.1 490.0OPERATIONAL_ITEMS_(half) 157.5 3000.0 0.0 0.0CABIN_ARRANGEMENTS_(half) 40.0 3000.0 0.0 0.0FLUIDS_(half) 3.0 3000.0 0.0 0.0
GROUP_WING_(left_half)TED_4_(iw_ins) 309.1 43256.9 -15067.4 2543.5TED_5_(iw_out) 292.0 41879.3 -20362.6 2256.1…….ANTI-ICING-SYSTEM_(ow) 402.0 40304.5 -31062.3 1671.6
GROUP_WINGLET_(left_half) RUDDER 174.5 49785.9 -39394.7 4990.1ANTI-ICING-SYSTEM_(wl) 80.0 47962.0 -39490.0 5531.1
GROUP_PROPULSION_(left_half)CENTER_ENGINE_(half) 3751.2 43758.0 0.0 4142.9CENT_ENG_.. 980.7 43758.0 0.0 2185.7LEFT_ENGINE 7502.3 39750.0 -7501.0 5410.5LEFT_ENG_STRUC….. 1961.3 39750.0 -7501.0 3453.2
GROUP_LANDING_GEARS_(left_half)NOSE_LANDING_RETRACTED_(half) 594.0 3500.0 0.0 -1298.6INNER_LANDING_RETRACTED 3415.7 33984.0 -3991.0 -87.1OUTER_LANDING_RETRACTED 3415.7 33984.0 -7501.0 381.5
Lumped mass representation
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The MMG automatically detects the NSM-items to be attached to the various mainframe parts.
Non-Structural Masses connectivity
TED 5TED 6
TED 7 TED 8
Rear spar segmentsRibs Closure spar segments
TED’s control system CG’s
RBE
TED 5TED 6
TED 7 TED 8
Rear spar segmentsRibs Closure spar segments
TED’s control system CG’s
RBE
De-icing systems attached to the LE ribletsDe-icing systems attached to the LE riblets
Trapped fuel attached to the first bottom skin patches.
Wing fuel system attached to all the spar patches of the Inner wing
Trapped fuel attached to the first bottom skin patches.
Wing fuel system attached to all the spar patches of the Inner wing
This connectivity information is stored as an attribute of the given structure part.
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The MMG automatically performs the fragmentation of the aircraft surfaces to ease preprocessing activities required for the FEM analysis. Skins, spars and ribs are automatically cut along their intersection lines in order to produce ALWAYS a set of ready-to-meshed surface patches.
Automatic surfaces fragmentation in meshable elements
LE fragments
TE fragmentsSkin fragments
Spars fragments Ribs fragments
Segmentation procedure based on FEM-experts best practice.
Automatic detection of non-meshable surfaces and selection of best extra cutting-procedure.
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
FEM environment
Meshable surfaces
surface_ID_number 2000023Isoparametric? Tmembership INNER-WING-INSIDEtype QUAD-SEGMENTdesign_variable_group 2010203material AL_ZI_PLATEthickness_(mm) 6.0Attach_non_struc_mass DE-ICE_SYSTEMOther information …………. number_of_nodes 4node_ID X Y Z 92 49542.0 -39936.5 8381.3 93 49454.4 -39895.0 8173.1 94 49871.0 -39859.8 8061.9 95 49962.0 -39926.1 8383.2
FEM-Tables
Integration of the ICAD MMG with the FE toolsKBE
environment
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Sub-models generation for Multi-Level analysis
Analysis of details should reflect all the changes in the global model
Details generation should not affect the complexity of the global model
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Generation of components models for manufacturing feasibility study, tooling design
and cost analysis
Examples of movable surfaces moulds models and tooling
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Role of the MMG in the MOB project Multi disciplinary design and Optimisation of Blended wing body aircraft
TU Delft
NLR, Cranfield University
DLR
NLR, EADS, BAe System Siegen
University
SAAB, NLR
NLR, BAe System
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The Design and Engineering Engine (DEE) Framework MULTI-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
Product Model
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INITIATOR
CONVERGER&
EVALUATOR
Design solution
Requirements
Calculation of product model
parameter values
Check of analysisresults on:1) convergence2) compliance with
requirements
End
Start
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MULTI-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
Product Model
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INITIATOR
CONVERGER&
EVALUATOR
Design solution
Requirements
Calculation of product model
parameter values
Check of analysisresults on:1) convergence2) compliance with
requirements
End
Start
1
2
no
noyes
yes
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The Design and Engineering Engine (DEE) Framework MULTI-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
Product Model
Rep
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INITIATOR
CONVERGER&
EVALUATOR
Design solution
Requirements
Calculation of product model
parameter values
Check of analysisresults on:1) convergence2) compliance with
requirements
End
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MULTI-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
Product Model
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INITIATOR
CONVERGER&
EVALUATOR
Design solution
Requirements
Calculation of product model
parameter values
Check of analysisresults on:1) convergence2) compliance with
requirements
End
Start
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19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
• Design and Engineering Engine Framework– DEE can be seen as a Integrated Product
Team (IPT) or Design Built Team (DBT).• Analogue to human group co-operation• Detached capabilities combined through in-
direct co-operation.
SOFTWARE FRAMEWORK FOR DEEs
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Four actors:Specialist (Disciplinary Tools)Integrator (Helper Agent, DEEF development)Operator (Operation of DEE)Maintainer (Operation of DEEF)
SOFTWARE FRAMEWORK FOR DEEs
Four Functions:Resource ManagementResource InterfacingProcess Execution SupportInformation Flow Control
Management functions
Facilitating functions
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Actors• Tool development by
Specialist. – Offline testing– Batch operation
• Agent/DEEF development by Integrator
• Operation of DEE by an Operator
• Maintenance of the DEEF by Maintainer
SOFTWARE FRAMEWORK FOR DEEsCollection of Agents wrapped disciplinary tools form a DEE
• Tool process viewed strictly as capacity• Agent & Tool can take part in group process
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Messaging System• Communicating (Speech
Act)• All agents capable of
performing the 4 DEEF functions (management/facility) due to same code base
• Most senior agent performs the master functions.
• Fall back when master agent unavailable to next most senior.
Collection of Agents wrapped disciplinary tools form a DEE
SOFTWARE FRAMEWORK FOR DEEs
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
EXAMPLE of A DESIGN SCENARIO
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
STEP 1: Before any client can participate in the DEE environment it must register itself by a dedicated DEE Server. Typical registration data: hostname, IP address, identifier. The DEE server returns a list of all available DEE clients and the services they provide.
Example of a design scenario : Structural analysis of a wingDisciplines/tools involved : Multi model generator (MMG), Aerodynamics, FEM
DEE SERVERDEE Client:Structure
List of registered DEE clients and provided services
register
THE DEE IN ACTION: an example
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
STEP 2: Once the registration has finished, clients are allowed to have peer-to-peer connections with other clients. In our scenario the structures client first connects to the multi-model generator. Typical messages are requests for structural topology and requests for meta-data.
DEE SERVERDEE Client:Structure
List of registered DEE clients and provided services
register
MMG
URL for TOPOLOGY and META-DATA
Request for TOPOLOGY and META-DATA
THE DEE IN ACTION: an example
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
STEP 3: The structure client will also send a request for aerodynamic pressure to the aerodynamics client. However, the aerodynamics client itself needs topology data from the MMG.
DEE SERVERDEE Client:Structure
List of registered DEE clients and provided services
register
DEE Client: MMG
URL for AERODYNAMIC PRESSURE
Request for TOPOLOGY and META-DATA
DEE Client: AerodynamicsRequest for AERODYNAMIC
PRESSURE
URL for TOPOLOGY and META-DATA
THE DEE IN ACTION: an example
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
STEP 4 (IMPLICIT): The aerodynamics client will make an implicit request for aerodynamic topology to the MMG. If every request is satisfied the structures client can start the numerical analysis.
DEE SERVERDEE Client:Structure
List of registered DEE clients and provided services
register
DEE Client: MMG
URL for AERODYNAMIC PRESSURE
Request for TOPOLOGY and META-DATA
DEE Client: Aerodynamics
URL for TOPOLOGY and META-DATA
URL for AERODYNAMIC TOPOLOGY
Request for
AER
OD
YNA
MIC
TO
POLO
GY
Request for AERODYNAMIC PRESSURE
THE DEE IN ACTION: an example
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
SOME RESULTS
Generation of a unique Multi-Model Generator to supply data and consistent models for all the discipline tools implemented in the DEE.
Flexible integration of many design and analysis tools through a smart and reconfigurable software framework.
Generation of a flexible design tool able to support the conceptual and preliminary design of different aircraft configurations and configurations variants.
Supported creative design, via automation of repetitive, time consuming activities.
Use of KBE and agent based technology to mimic the actual behaviour of designers and design teams.
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
…QUESTIONS ?