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True Shallot Seed applied research
Production technology: from seed to product.
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Possible tracks from seed to market
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Wet season ------ Dry season
Two step cultivation:
Preparing starting material
Producing consumption
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Content
▪ Producing minibulbs
● Indramayu (clay) and Lembang (Andosol)
▪ TSS systems
● Purwakarta (clay) and Sumbawa (loam)
▪ Effect of transplant quality
● Garut (clay)
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Soil type based on personal observations
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Tests in 2019
▪ Purwakarta and Sumbawa
▪ Production methods:
● Direct sowing
● Transplants
● Minibulbs (Production at Indramayu and Lembang)
▪ Periods:
● Early (Start wet to dry season)
● Mid (dry season)
● Late (dry season end at begin of wet season)
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Minibulb production in the wet season at
Indramayu
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Direct sowing
Nursery Field
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Producing minibulbs in wet
season
Sanren: TKW = 3.8 g
Direct sowing
● 700 sd/m2
● 1000 sd/m2
Transplant (nursery phase)
● 5 g/m2 (1315 sd/m2)
● 10 g/m2 (2630 sd/m2)
● Transplanting at 5 x 10 cm
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Minibulb yield
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Number of bulbs per grade
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Quality.....
▪ Wet season
▪ Fusarium and other soil borne issues
▪ Poor storability
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Lembang: minibulb production
▪ Varieties
● Trisula
● Sanren
● Maserati
▪ Sowing densities:
● 750 sd/m2
● 1000 sd/m2
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Lembang: seed quality is important
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Trisula Maserati Sanren
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Overview Purwakarta tests
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Yield after field drying (ton/ha)
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bcd
a
cde
bc
de
g
efef
fg
ef
ab
bcde
bcd
P < 0.001
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Overview Sumbawa tests
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Yield after field drying (ton/ha)
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bc
a
c
bc
ab
bc
bc bcab
P < 0.001
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Seedling quality
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Effect of source and logistics on yield
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Fprob=0.19
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Effect of source and logistics on plant
survival
20fprob 0.013
aa
a
b
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Conclusions:
▪ Minibulb production difficult to obtain high quality for storing in wet season.
▪ TSS direct sowing not suitable for early start
▪ TSS transplant “ stable results” for all seasons.
▪ For transplant take care of transplant quality
● Logistics
● Age
● Source (raising method/fertilization/season)
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Final considerations
▪ TSS starting material
● Additional time needed (conventional just from previous crop)
▪ Direct sowing
● Soil type (manual/machine sowing)
● Weed control
● Land efficiency lower
▪ Mini bulb
● Storage
● No clear differentiation between starting material and consumption material
▪ Transplant
● Buying or raising
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Acknowledgements
▪ These activities were not possible without the contributions of (in random order):
● Witono Adiyoga (IVEGRI)
● Mathias Pratama (IVEGRI)
● Rahma (YBTS)
● Rohim Firdaus (PT EWINDO)
● Adriyanita Adin (PT EWINDO)
● Jurgen Nagel (PT Sumbawang)
● Rob Bekkers ( De Groot en Slot)
● YBTS support staff
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Terima kassih
banyak
Hope to see in the near future a profitable and sustainable
True Shallot Seed production
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